친환경건축과 조경

이애란,Lee, Ae-Ran 대한건축사협회 2012 建築士 Vol.2012 No.5

수유 형태에 따른 초산모의 신생아에 대한 지각 비교

이애란,박문희,Lee Ae Ran,Park Mun Hee 한국아동간호학회 1995 Child Health Nursing Research Vol.1 No.1

The purpose of this study was to estimate primiparas' perceptions of their newborns and compare the changes of their perceptions related to feeding methods between the time I (post-partum 2nd-3rd day) and the time ll (post-partum 1st month). At the time Ⅰ, bottle-feeding method was 100% because mothers were separated from their babies. At the time Ⅱ, the methods of feeding were breast-feeding(29.7%), bottle-feeding(30.7%), mixed feeding(39.6%) .The subjects of this study were 101 primiparas. Data were collected between May to October 1994, using the Neonatal Perception Inventory devised by Broussard(1963) and added by Lee Ja Hyurg(1986) .The results of this study are as follows : 1. There was no significant difference of primiparas' perceptions of their newborns according to general characteristics. 1) The younger tended to estimate that newborns were less capable, and perceived that it would be more difficult for them to take care of babies. 2) There was no difference of mothers' perceptions of their babies according to having a job or not. 3) The lower educated tended to estimate that newborns were less capable, and perceived that it would be more difficult for them to take care of babies. 2. There were some changes of primiparas' perceptions of their babies related to feeding methods between the time I (post-partum 2nd-3rd day) and the time Ⅱ (post-partum 1st month).1) At the time Ⅰ, Breast-feeding mothers estimated that newborns were less capable, and perceived that it would be more difficult for them to take care of babies. But they showed positive perceptions at the time Ⅱ (P<0.05, p<0.1) 2) At the time Ⅰ, Bottle-feeding mothers tended to estimate that newborns were more capable, and perceived that it would be more easy for them to take care of babies. But they showed negative perceptions at the time Ⅱ 3) For breast-feeding mothers, positive-positive group was 53%, positive-negative group was 20%, negative-positive group was 10%, negative-negative group was 17%. For bottle-feeding mothers, positive-positive group was 55%, positive-negative group was 32%, negative-positive group was 10%, negative-negative group was 3%.

공공도서관 평생교육 강좌에 대한 분석

이애란,Lee, Ae-Ran 한국도서관정보학회 2010 한국도서관정보학회지 Vol.41 No.1

이 연구는 16개 광역시 도 지역대표도서관의 평생교육 강좌의 유형, 내용, 수준 현황과 울산광역시 소재 4개 공공도서관의 학습목적, 강좌내용, 수업방법의 구체적 실태와 성과를 분석하였다. 이 분석 결과를 토대로 공공도서관 평생교육 강좌의 개선방안을 차별성과 체계성 확립 그리고 강좌 평가를 위한 모형 개발을 제시하였다. The study is on the types, contents, characteristics, and levels of lifelong education programs from 16 central and local public libraries in Korea. And also analyzes the situation and the results of learning purpose, educational content and teaching methods from 4 public libraries of Ulsan province. On the basis of the results, suggests for the improvement proposals of lifelong education programs in Korean public libraries as follows ; (1) proposes the differentiation and establishment of system for the programs. (2) presents the model development for the evaluation of the educational programs.

에세이 - 윤선도의 오우가(五友歌)와 Ecosystem

이애란,Lee, Ae-Ran 대한건축사협회 2012 建築士 Vol.2012 No.11

초기 모유 수유와 인공 수유에 따른 초산모의 신생아에 대한 지각 비교

이애란,박문희,Lee Ae Ran,Park Mun Hee 한국아동간호학회 1997 Child Health Nursing Research Vol.3 No.2

This study was done to compare the breast-feeding primiparas' perceptions of their babies with bottle-feeding primiparas' at 2-3 days after delivery. The subjects of this study included 42 breast-feeding mothers and 56 bottle-feeding mothers. Data were collected by using the Neonatal Perception Inventory(NPI) devised by Broussard (1963) and added by Lee, Ja Hyung(1986) from December, 1996 to June, 1997. The results of this study are as follows, 1. Primiparas' perceptions of their babies according to their general characteristics. 1) There was no significant difference in mothers' perceptions according to mothers' age and whether they have a job or not. 2) There was a difference in mothers' perceptions according to their educational level (P<0.1). 2. The comparisons of breast-feeding mothers' perceptions of their babies with bottle-feeding mothers'. 1) There was no significant difference in the two groups' perceptions of other babies 2) There was no significant difference in the two groups' perceptions of their own babies. (1) Breast-feeding mothes' general perceptions of their own babies were better than bottle-feeding mothers', but there was no significant difference between the two groups. (2) Breast-feeding mothers' perceptions about the basic needs of their own babies were better than bottle-feeding mothers', and there was a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). (3) Breast-feeding mothers'perceptions about the sense and motor abilities of their own babies were better than bottle-feeding mothers', but there was no significant difference between the two groups. (4) Breast-feeding mothers' perceptions about the necessary care of their own babies were lower than bottle-feeding mothers', but there was no significant difference between the two groups. 3) There was no significant difference between the two groups' positive-negative perceptions of their babies (1) 69% of breast-feeding mothers and 69.9% of bottle-feeding mothers had positive perceptions about general conditions, but there was no significant difference between the two groups (2) 57.1% of breast-feeding mothers and 46.4% of bottle-feeding mothers had positive perceptions about the needs of babies, but there was no significant difference between the two groups. (3) 50% of breast -feeding mothers and 48.2% of bottle-feeding mothers had positive perceptions about the sense and motor abilities of babies, but there was no significant difference between the two groups. (4) 57.1% of breast-feeding mothers and 60.7% of bottle-feeding mothers had positive perceptions about the necessary care for babies, but there was no significant difference between the two groups. 3. 54.8% of breast-feeding mothers tried to feed their own babies on the 1st day after delivery. 83.3% of breast-feeding mothers chose the feeding method for themselves. Only 9.5% of breast-feeding mothers took recomendations for breast-feeding from nurses. 78.6% of breast-feeding mothers had no chance to learn about breast-feeding. 69% of breast-feeding mothers complained about the difficulties of breast-feeding. The most serious problems were : 'insufficient milk supply', 'lack of knowledge about feeding technique' and 'problems with nipples'.

전통누룩 진균류를 이용한 입국의 제조 및 입국곰팡이의 동정

김재호 ( Jae Ho Kim ),권영희 ( Young Hee Kwon ),이애란 ( Ae Ran Lee ),김혜련 ( Hye Ryun Kim ),안병학 ( Byung Hak Ahn ) 한국균학회 2012 韓國菌學會誌 Vol.40 No.4

다양한 향미를 가진 막걸리의 개발을 위해 전통누룩으로부터 분리한 곰팡이로 입국을 제조한 후 품질특성을 분석하여 입국의 규격에 적합하며 이취가 없고 관능이 우수한 9균주를 입국 제조용 우수균주로 최종 선발하였다. 선발된 균주는 Aspergillus oryzae(C1-5-2-2, C20-7-3, CN1.3.1-4, CN16.19.1-1, N152-1, N220-1), Mycocladus corymbiferus (N162-2), Rhizopus oryzae(N20), Lichtheimia corymbifera (N21)로 동정되었으며, 제조한 입국의 산도는 5.0~6.8, 당화력은 128~241sp이었다. Various koji were prepared by fungi isolated from traditional nuruk and their quality characteristics were investigated. Acidity and saccharification power of their koji were ranged in 5.0~6.8 and 128sp~241sp. Nine fungi which were showed good quality and sensory evaluation were identified by analysis of their nucleotide sequences with PCR-amplified 18S rDNA internal transcribed spacer-1(ITS-1) and ITS-4 genes. Among them, six strains were identified as Aspergillus oryzae and the other strains were identified as Mycocladus corymbiferus, Rhizopus oryzae, Lichtheimia corymbifera.

비고츠키 "내적 언어"의 도덕 교육적 함의

이애란 ( Ae Ran Lee ) 한국윤리교육학회 2003 윤리교육연구 Vol.0 No.3

제 7차 도덕과 교육과정은 자율론적 접근의 대안으로 덕목교육을 강조하고, 도덕 사회화를 도모하는 인격(덕)교육적 접근이 주도한다. 이러한 관점에서 본 연구는 비고츠키의 사회문화적 관점, 특히 내적언어에 주목하고, 여기에 함의된 도덕교육적 접근에 관한 사사점을 찾아보고자 한다. 비고츠키는 도덕적 기능을 포함하는 고등정신기능의 기원을 사회문화적 맥락에 둔다. 그리고 고등정신기능의 발달을 위해 사회문화의 내면화과정에 관심을 기울이고, 사회문화의 내면화과정에서 언어의 매개적 역할을 중시한다. 이러한 시각에서 도덕적 행위는 언어에 의해 매개된 행위이다. 그는 언어와 사고 사이의 관계분석을 통해 내면화 관계를 규명하고, 사고의 발달은 사회로부터 개인으로 즉, 개인간 심리과정(외적언어)으로부터 개인내 심리과정(내적언어)을 진행한다고 주장한다. 그리고 기본정신기능이 환경의 통제에 의해 인도되는 반면에, 고등정신기능은 자기규제에 의해 인도된다고 주장한다. 따라서 고등정신기능으로서 내적언어의 형성은 자기규제능력을 의미하며, 도덕적 기능으로서 내적언어는 도덕행위를 위한 내적인 도덕적 대화로서 역할을 한다. 내적 도덕적 대화로서의 내적언어는 행동을 위한 자기규제역할을 수행한다. 이러한 점에서 도덕적 기능의 발달을 위해 도덕과 교육은 도덕사회화의 토대 위에서 의사소통적 대화를 통한 자기구성적 능력을 함양하는 접근방식을 견지해야 할 것이다.

자폐성장애 아동 부모의 삶의 전환과정 측정도구에 대한 구성타당도 평가

이애란(Lee, Ae Ran),홍선우(Hong, Sun Woo),주세진(Ju, Se Jin) 한국간호과학회 2014 Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Vol.44 No.5

Purpose: The study was done to identify the construct validity and reliability of the life transition scale (LTS) for parents who have children with autism. Methods: Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmative factor analysis (CFA) were conducted to identify the most adequate measurement model for structural validity. Convergent validity and discriminant validity were also conducted for structural validity. Data were collected from 208 parents through self-reported questionnaires and analyzed with SPSS/WIN 15.0 and AMOS 20.0 version. Results: A four factor-structure was validated (χ<SUP>2</SUP>=541.23, p<.001, GFI=.82, RMSEA=.07, IFI=.89, CFI=.89, PNFI=.73, Q (χ<SUP>2</SUP>/df)=2.20) at the 3rd order of EFA and CFA, and factors were named as denying, wandering, despairing, and accepting. Both convergent and determinant validity for LTS were 100%. Cronbach’s alphas for the reliability of each structure were .77-.90 and .83 for total structure. Conclusion: The four structures, 24-item instrument showed satisfactory reliability and validity. LTS has the potential to be appropriate for assessing the transition process of life for parents who have children with autism and provides basic directions for differentiated support and care at each stage.

자폐성장애 아동 부모의 삶의 전환과정 측정도구 개발

이애란(Lee, Ae Ran),홍선우(Hong, Sun Woo),주세진(Ju, Se Jin) 한국간호과학회 2012 Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Vol.42 No.6

Purpose: The purpose of this research was to develop a scale to measure the life transition process of parents of children with autism, against the backdrop of a lack of research on this topic. Methods: Seventy preliminary items were drawn from previous qualitative research, and content validity was tested by three professors as well as three parents of children with autism. A questionnaire survey was also done between August 2011 and February 2012. Data were collected from 207 parents of children with autism and analyzed using descriptive statistics, item analysis, Cronbach’s alpha, Pearson correlation coefficients, and factor analysis with the SPSS Win 15.0 program. Results: Twenty-nine items were selected to constitute the appropriate measuring scale and categorized into 5 factors explaining 63.2% of the total variance. The 5 factors were named; stages of denial (5 items), wandering (6 items), devotion (7 items), frustration (3 items), and finally acceptance (8 items). Cronbach’s alpha for the 29 items was .80. Conclusion: The results of this study not only suggest assessment criteria for the life transition process of parents who have children with autism but also provide basic directions for program development to provide differentiated support and care at each stage.

족욕과 등 부위 림프드레나쥐가 혈액성상, 혈중 피로물질 및 스트레스 호르몬 변화에 미치는 영향

이애란 ( Ae Ran Lee ),한길수 ( Gil Soo Han ) 한국미용학회 2012 한국미용학회지 Vol.18 No.4

The purpose of this study is to divide middle-aged women subjects into a group that goes through foot bath and back lymph drainage and a group that goes through back lymph drainage only and verifying its effect on the changes in properties of blood, fatigue substance in blood and stress hormones. 12 middle-aged women in their 40s who participated in this study were randomly assigned to the foot bath and aroma back lymph group, and aroma back lymph group that consisted of 6 members each. Then, the foot bath and back lymph drainage program was conducted and changes in the properties of blood, fatigue substance in blood and stress hormones were measured before and after the program. For both groups, treatments were conducted twice a week, and for the foot bath and aroma back lymph group, the daily treatment lasted for 55 minutes, and for the aroma back lymph group, the daily treatment lasted for 45 minutes. Treatments were conducted separately for a group that received both the foot back and aroma back lymph drainage and a group that received aroma back lymph drainage only. SPSSWIN (ver.15.0) statistical program was used to handle and analyze the data, and findings are as follows. As for changes in the properties of blood, reductions of RBC 4.19%, WBC 9.44%, Hemoglobin 9.58%, Hamatocrit 5.78%, Platelet 13.95% were observed in the foot bath and aroma back lymph group. For the aroma back lymph group, Hemoglobin showed a reduction of 0.38%. On the other hand, increases of RBC 11.40%, WBC 0.71%, Platelet 0.39%, Hamatocrit 4.82% were observed. Significant statistical differences were observed only in Hamatocrit (p<.01). As for changes in the fatigue substance in blood, the foot bath and aroma back lymph group showed a lactic acid reduction of 54.58% and the aroma back lymph group showed a lactic acid reduction of 59.21% and significant statistical differences were observed (p<.05). In Glucose, the foot bath and aroma back lymph group showed an increase of 5.95% and the aroma back lymph showed an increase of 0.91%, but no significant statistical differences were observed (p>.05). As for changes in the stress hormones, the foot bath and aroma back lymph group showed a reduction of 11.54% and the aroma back lymph group showed a reduction of 15.95%, but no significant statistical differences were observed (p>.05).