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당뇨병 환자에서 Power Spectrum Analysis 를 이용한 자율신경계 이상의 검정
이두하(Du Ha Lee),황형기(Hyoung Ki Hwang),이형우(Hyoung Woo Lee),김영조(Young Jo Kim),심봉섭(Bong Sup Shim),이현우(Hyun Woo Lee),신동구(Dong Ku Shin),이상학(Sang Hak Lee),이준하(Jun Ha Lee) 대한내과학회 1991 대한내과학회지 Vol.41 No.5
N/A In order to assess the autonomic nervous system activity in normal subjects and in diabetic patients affected by different degrees of diabetic autonomic neuropathy, we applied autoregressive power spectral analysis to 35 diabetic patients and 15 normal controls. This analysis was then compared to conventional methods by CAN score tests. Each subject was placed on a bed and connected to electro-cardiographic electrodes. After 15-minute rest in a sitting position, the electrocardiogram (ECG) recorded 512 heartbeats in a supine position. Thereafter, the same measure was taken in a standing position. During the test, the subjects quietly breathed in synchronosity with a 15/min (0.25 Hz) metronome signal to obtain stationary respiratory activity without frequency change or phase drift. R-wave detection by fast peak detection algorithm and spectrum computation by Fast Fourier transform enabled the study of the power spectrum of heart rate fluctuations. The power of fluctuations at different frequencies was the result of sympathetic and vagal input into the sinoatrial node. The autoregressive power spectral density of RR interval variability contained 2 major components: a high frequency (0.25 Hz), which is a quantitative marker of cardiac vagal activity, and a low frequency (<0.15 Hz), which is a quantitative marker of sympathetic activity with vagal modulation. A marked reduction in HF spectral density was found in diabetic patients relative to the normal controls (p<0.001). When neural activity was provoked through standing, less decreased HF spectral density and less increased LF spectral density were noted in diabetic patients relative to the normal controls (p<0.01). When diabetic autonomic neuropathy was advanced, HF and LF spectral density changes were lost. This method is simple, repeatible, objective, and quantitative. It may facilitate the screening of diabetic patients for autonomic neuropathy and enable convenient quantitative fallow-up.
늑막삼출 환자에서 혈청과 늑막액의 Adenosine Deaminase ( ADA ) 와 Lysozyme 활성치의 임상적 의의
이재익(Jae Yik Lee),박종선(Jong Seon Park),유영훈(Young Hoon Yuh),이정미(Jung Mee Lee),이두하(Du Ha Lee),노진우(Jin Woo Roh),이충기(Choong Ki Lee),정진홍(Jin Hong Chung),이관호(Kwan Ho Lee),이현우(Hyun Woo Lee) 대한내과학회 1991 대한내과학회지 Vol.41 No.5
N/A To evaluate the diagnoostic value of ADA and lysozyme activity of serum and pleural fluid, we measured the ADA and lysozyme activity of serum and pleural effusions in 50 cases of pleural effusions due to tuberculosis (n=33), malignancy (n=13), and congestive heart failure (n=4). The results were as follows: 1) The mean value of serum ADA activity of tubercu-lous effusion was 45.533,3 U/L and was significantly higher than that of nontuberculous effusion(p<0,05). 2) The mean value of pleural ADA activity of tuber-culous effusion was 11.7±47.9 U/L and was significantly higher than that of nontuberculous effusion(p<0.005). 3) The mean value of the pleural and serum ADA ratio of tuberculous effusion was 2.9±1.4 and was significantly higher than that of nontuberculous effusion (p<0.05). 4) The serum lysozyme activity was not significant between tuberculous and nontuberculous effusions. 5) The mean value of pleural lysozyme activity of the tuberculous effusion was 18.0±10.3 μg/ml and was significantly higher than that of nontuberculous effusion. 6) The mean value of the pleural and serum lysozyme ratio of tuberculous effusion was 1.8±1.1 and was significantly higher than that of nontuberculous effusion. The ratio above 1.2 had a sensitivity of 70% and a specificity of 100% when used as a screening test for tuberculous effusion compared with malignant effusion. In conculusion, the measurements of serum and pleural ADA, lysozyme and their ratios were useful in the differential diagnosis between the tuberculous and nontuberculous pleural effusions.
국내하천 하상재료 대표입경 조사 및 소류력과의 관계 분석
이두한 ( Du Han Lee ),손민우 ( Min Woo Son ) 한국지형학회 2011 한국지형학회지 Vol.18 No.1
본 연구의 목적은 국내 자연하천에서 하상재료의 입경과 흐름에 의한 소류력의 상관관계를 살펴보는 것이다. 하상재료의 크기를 분석하기 위해 현장에서 하상재료를 채취하고 대표입경을 산정하였다. 하천이 가지는 흐름특성은 마찰속도와 소류력으로 분석하였고, 이를 이용하여 대표입경과의 관계를 살펴보았다. 대상하천은 국내 4대 유역의 특성을 대표할 수 있는 18개 하천이며, 총 94개 지점에서 연구가 수행되었다. 소류력과 마찰속도의 산정을 위해 국내 하천의 강턱유량에 적합한 홍수빈도를 결정하였으며, 평균 연최대유량의 개념으로 생각할 수 있는 1.01년 빈도 홍수량이 가장 강턱유량에 적합하다는 결론을 얻었다. 분석 결과를 통해 국내 하천의 소류력 및 마찰속도와 하상재료 대표입경 간의 상호특성을 제시하였다. This study aims to investigate the relationship between the mean diameter of bed material and the tractive force due to flow in domestic natural rivers. To investigate the size of bed material, sampling in the field and estimation of mean diameter have been conducted. The relationship between the mean diameters and tractive force is figured out by calculating tractive force and frictional velocity. The field works have been carried out at 94 location of 18 rivers including 4 large watersheds. In order to determine the quantities of discharge used to calculate the tractive force, the various values of frequency have been estimated and tested. As a result, it is found that the 1.01 year frequency discharge is most appropriate for the bankfull discharge. From results, the relatioship between the mean diameter of bed material the tractive force is presented in this study.
이두한(Lee, Du-Han),김동희(Kim, Dong-Hee),김명환(Kim, Myounghwan),이동섭(Rhee, Dong Sop) 한국산학기술학회 2012 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.13 No.12
친환경 하천사업의 활성화로 식생매트의 사용은 증가하고 있으나 수리적 안정성에 대한 평가는 미흡한 실 정이다. 본 연구는 호안용 식생매트 제품의 객관적인 수리안정성 시험 기법 개발을 위해 수행하였다. 이를 위해서 식생매트 2종에 대한 실규모 실험을 수행하여 수리량을 측정하고 분석하여 작용 소류력을 계산하였다. 1차원 부정류 모형을 이용하여 최적 조도계수를 결정하고 작용 소류력을 계산하였다. 각 유량의 시험 후에는 매트 표면 및 기반층 의 변동 여부를 기록하여 평가하였으며 이에 따라 매트표면의 손상 유형 3가지 및 기반층의 손상 유형 2가지를 제 시하였다. 본 연구에서는 식생매트의 표면 변동이 있더라도 하부 기반층의 유실이 발생하지 않는 경우에는 안정한 상태로 제안하였다. 이에 따라 실험체 2종의 허용소류력을 평가하였으며 철망으로 보강된 식생매트가 허용 소류력 측면에서 효과가 있는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. By the activation of environment-friendly river works, application of vegetation mats is increasing, however, evaluation techniques for hydraulic stability of vegetation mats are not presented. This study is conducted to develop the objective test method for vegetation mats. Two kind of vegetation mats are tested by the real scale experiments, and hydraulic quantities are measured and analyzed to evaluate acting shear stresses. Roughness and shear stress are evaluated by 1 D non-uniform model. After each tests, changes in mat surfaces and sub-soil are evaluated, and from these evaluation, 3 types of mat surface damages and 2 types of sub-soil damages are presented. In the study, the case in which some damages in mat surface don't cause loss of sub-soil, is presented to be in the stable condition. Appling this stable condition and acting shear stresses, permissible shear stresses of vegetation mats are evaluated, and the results show that the reinforced mat with wire netting has more permissible shear stress.