환경개선부담금제도의 성과제고를 위한 정책과제 연구

이덕만(Dug Man Lee) 한국정책과학학회 2008 한국정책과학학회보 Vol.12 No.4

본 연구는 시설물과 경유자동차에 부과되는 환경개선부담금이 경제적 유인수단으로서의 본래 기능에 충실하게 부합하는가를 분석하고, 이를 토대로 환경개선부담금제도의 성과제고를 위한 개선방안을 제시하였다. 이를 위해 본 연구는 효율성, 형평성, 효과성, 실시가능성, 윤리성, 신축성 등의 환경정책 평가기준에 입각하여 환경개선부담금제도가 내포하고 있는 주요 정책현안 과제를 분석하였다. 본 연구는 이 분석 결과를 토대로 환경개선부담금제도의 성과제고를 위한 개선방안을 단기와 장기로 구분하여 제시하고 있다. In this paper, we have tried to analyze whether or not the environmental improvement charge is well functioning as an economic incentive-based strategy for the improvement of environmental quality. We performed this by adopting several criteria for evaluating environmental policies such as efficiency, fairness, morality, enforceability, effectiveness, and flexibility. As a result, we identified several problems that have to be remedied immediately. These include the inadequate settlement for charge base, inappropriate setting of charge rate, low collection of charge revenue, unfairness of charge implementation, insufficient provision of economic incentives, etc. On the basis of these critical review, we propose significant policy suggestions for each issue raised to improve the performance of environmental improvement charge.

동태적 시간경로 도출을 통한 목재 수입관세의 결정 요인 분석

이덕만(Dug-Man Lee) 한국관세학회 2013 관세학회지 Vol.14 No.1

This paper tried to identify both the determining factors and dynamic size of tariff on timber imported levied by importing country so that it might verify whether or not the decreasing rate of tariff on timber imported over time would improve the economic welfare of timber trading countries. For the sake of this purpose, we extended the Stackelberg differential game model developed by Lee(2006) for timber tariff analysis in order to derive the dynamic time path of tariff on timber imported. To incorporate the economic characteristic of forest as a natural resource, we took into account that the timber harvesting cost is dependent on the stock of forest. As a result, we can observe that tariffs on timber imported over time are determined by a discount rate, timber growth rate at each time, the stock of forest, and the instantaneous change of average cost for timber production etc. It, hence, shows that the policy proposition that previous literature has suggested is not an adequate one in a theoretical sense.

탄소배출저감을 위해 수입 화석연료에 부과하는 적정 조세에 관한 연구

이덕만(Dug Man Lee) 에너지경제연구원 2013 에너지경제연구 Vol.12 No.1

본 연구는 화석연료 수입국이 시장지배력을 갖는 수요독점의 경우에 수입 화석연료 소비로 인해 발생하는 탄소배출량 저감을 위해 수입국이 부과할 적정조세의 규모 및 구조를 분석하였다. 본 연구는 기존연구들과는 달리 화석연료생산비용이 화석연료 스톡의 영향을 받는 경우를 고려하여 수입 화석연료 소비로 인해 입게 될 한계피해액에 대한 적정시간경로를 도출하고, 이를 토대로 수입국이 각 시점별로 부과할 적정 조세의 규모를 제시하였다. 본 연구는 화석연료 생산비용이 화석연료 스톡의 영향을 받는 경우에 수입국이 부과할 조세의 규모는 화석연료 소비로 인해 발생하는 한계피해액만큼은 순수 피구세로 부과하고, 수입 화석연료의 소비로 인해 발생하는 사용자 비용만큼은 수입관세로 부과할 것을 제안하고 있다. This research is designed to analyze the optimal taxation for reducing carbon emitted from the consumption of fossil fuel imported by adopting a monoposonic modeling approach in which the importing country has a market power. We derived the optimal time path of the shadow cost of marginal damages incurred by fossil fuel consumption. On the basis of this result, we identified that if the production cost of fossil fuels is affected by the stock of it, the optimal taxation at each time is decomposed into two parts: One is that a pure Pigouvian tax should be levied which is the same as the shadow cost of marginal damages incurred by fossil fuels consumption and the other is that a tariff on fossil fuels imported should be imposed which is the same as the shadow value of the sock of it for importing country when the damage is absent. Otherwise, a pure Pigouvian tax is only levied to reduce the carbon emitted from the consumption of fossil fuels imported.

희소지대가 수산자원 수입관세에 미치는 영향 : 동태적 분석

이덕만(Dug-Man Lee) 한국관세학회 2010 관세학회지 Vol.11 No.3

A numerous of literature suggested the dynamic structure of tariffs levied on natural resources imported, however, they did not examined in detail the relation between the scarcity rent associated with natural resources exploitation and importing tariffs levied. In this sense, this paper tries to identify how the scarcity rent associated with fish exploitation has an impact on the tariff levied on fishery resources imported. For this purpose, we adopted Stackelberg differential game modeling approach, in which the importing country has a market power and the exporting country is in competition. We identified the scale of the scarcity rent associated with fish exploitation, and also observed that it consists of the scarcity effect and cost effect On the basis of these results, we suggest significantly that the importing country has to impose dynamically inconsistent tariffs on fishery resources imported, which is irrespective of whether or not the cost of fish exploitation is dependent on the stock of fish.

목재 수입관세의 동태적 부과구조 : 쌍방독점의 경우

이덕만(Dug-Man Lee) 한국관세학회 2008 관세학회지 Vol.9 No.2

This paper is designed to identify the dynamic structure of optimal tariffs levied on timber imported in the setting of bilateral monopoly. For this purpose, we established a Stackelberg differential game modeling approach and adopted a standard optimal control theory to solve dynamic optimization problems. We found that if the cost for timber products is dependent on the stock of forest, the importing country ought to impose dynamically inconsistent tariffs. If not, she has to impose dynamically consistent tariffs. Our results are consistent irrespective of whether or not the exporting country consumes some portions of timber produced domestically. In comparing our findings with those in previous literature, we observed that the market structure of the exporting country does not alter the way that the importing country levies optimal timber tariffs over time

석유 탐사 및 개발이 석유 수입국의 관세정책에 미치는 영향

이덕만(Dug-Man Lee) 한국관세학회 2011 관세학회지 Vol.12 No.1

Previous literature which studied oil importing tariff over time assumed that the stock of oil in the exporting country is fixed to be exploited. In reality, however, we have found that the stock of oil has increased significantly with economic incentives. In this sense, we have established a differential game modeling approach to identify how the oil importing country has to levy tariffs over time when the oil stock is increasing with certainty through exploration and development. In this game, it is taken into account that the importing country has a market power and the exporting country is in competition. We tried to analyze our model for both unit and ad valorem tariff, respectively. As a result, we found that the oil importing country should impose dynamically inconsistent tariffs to attain her welfare optimality, which is irrespective of what kind of tariff is adopted as a policy tool.

석유 탐사 및 개발이 석유 수입관세의 동태적 부과구조에 미치는 영향: OPEC의 경우

이덕만 ( Dug Man Lee ) 한국환경경제학회·한국자원경제학회(구 한국환경경제학회) 2016 자원·환경경제연구 Vol.25 No.2

본 연구는 시장지배력을 가진 OPEC이 탐사 및 개발을 통해 석유 매장량을 증대시키는경우에 석유 수입국이 부과할 석유 수입관세의 동태적 부과구조에 대한 분석을 시도하였다. 이를 위해 본 연구는 Stackelberg differential 게임모형을 설정하고, 둘째, 석유 수출국의 채굴비용이 석유 매장량의 영향을 받는 경우와 받지 않는 경우를 분리하여 분석하였으며, 셋째, 석유 수출국이 생산된 석유의 일정량을 국내 소비에 사용하는 경우와 전량 수출하는 경우를 각각 상정하여 분석하였다. 본 연구의 분석 결과에 의하면 석유 수출국의 채굴비용이 석유 매장량의 영향을 받는 경우에 석유 수입국은 수입된 석유의 소비로 인한 자국의 경제적 잉여를 극대화하기위해 동태적으로 비일관적(dynamically inconsistent)인 관세를 부과하고, 석유 매장량의 영향을 받지 않는 경우에는 동태적으로 일관성(dynamically consistent)있는 관세를 부과할 것을 제안하고 있다. 아울러 본 연구는 석유 수출국이 생산된 석유의 일정량을 자국의 소비에 사용하는지의 여부는 본 연구가 제안하는 석유 수입관세의 동태적 부과구조에 영향을 미치지 않는다는 사실을 보이고 있다. This paper is designed to investigate the dynamic structure of optimal tariff imposed by the oil importing country from OPEC when OPEC increases the oil reserves through exploration and development. For this purpose, we used a Stckelberg differential game modeling approach, and tried to analyze two cases such that the one is the extraction cost is dependent on the oil reserves and the other is the extraction cost is independent of it. On the basis of this analysis, we propose that the importing contry has to impose dynamically inconsistent tariffs if the extraction cost is dependent on the oil reserves. Otherwise, she should impose dynamically consistent tariffs announced at initial time. In addition, we found that whether or not the exporting country uses some portion of oil produced for domestic consumption does not affect our policy proposition stated above.

정책논문 : 환경재정의 성과제고를 위한 정책과제에 관한 연구

이덕만 ( Dug Man Lee ),박정수 ( Jung Soo Park ) 한국재정학회(구 한국재정공공경제학회) 2007 재정논집 Vol.21 No.2

산유국의 백스톱 기술(backstop technology)이 석유 수입관세의 부과구조에 미치는 영향

이덕만(Dug-Man Lee) 한국관세학회 2013 관세학회지 Vol.14 No.4

This paper tried to analyze the impact of backstop technology on the structure of tariffs levied on oil imported when oil producing country develops backstop technology so as to substitute backstop energy for oil energy. For the sake of this purpose, we established a Stackelberg differential game modeling approach and adopted an optimal control theory for solving dyanamic optimization problem. On the basis of this model, we identified the optimal time path of tariffs, eg. unit tariff and ad valorem tariff for two cases of international market structure of oil trade. The one is that the oil exporting country is in competition and the oil importing country has a market power. The other is that both countries have a market power simultaneously. As a result of this research, we propose that the oil importing country should impose a dynamically inconsistent tariffs in order to maximize its welfare level obtained by consuming oil imported irrespective of the market structure of the oil exporting country. Particularly, being different from previous literature, this paper adopted a modeling approach that the oil exporting country consumes some portion of oil extracted and it exports remaining else portion of oil to abroad.

목재 수입관세율의 동태적 부과구조에 관한 연구

이덕만 ( Dug Man Lee ),박정수 ( Jhung Soo Park ) 한국경제통상학회 (구 한국경상학회, 한국국민경제학회) 2006 경제연구 Vol.24 No.4