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체육 중등교원 임용시험의 교과교육학 문항 분석 : 2014학년도 이후를 중심으로
이대중 한국체육교육학회 2020 한국체육교육학회지 Vol.25 No.2
Purpose: In this study, the question items on sport pedagogy were investigated in the secondary school physical education teacher appointment examination. Method: Specifically, this study analyzed the tendency and level of questions on the subject for 7 years from 2014 to 2020 based on the 'Physical Education Evaluation Area and Evaluation Contents Elements' proposed by the Korea Institute of Curriculum and Evaluation (2016) and Bloom`s revised taxonomy of educational objectives. Results: The number of questions and scores of the sport pedagogy in the examination were 26-38% of the total major scores, which was followed by the 25-35% of the sport pedagogy examination rate and the 65-75% of the physical education contentology examination rate presented by the Korea Institute of Curriculum and Evaluation except for the 2015 issue. In terms of questions, the subjects were not given in the physical education and physical education textbooks for 7 years, and 24 questions in the physical education curriculum, 42 questions in the physical education teaching and evaluation, and 7 questions in the physical education teacher were given. This showed bias in the field of physical education curriculum and physical education teaching and learning and evaluation. In the cognitive process of Bloom`s revised taxonomy of educational objectives for the level of questions, the majority were 'remember(38.2%)', 'understand(47.3%)' and in the knowledge level, the factual knowledge(12.3%) and the conceptual knowledge (85.5%) accounted for 97.8% of the types of knowledge level. Conclusion: Based on these results, this study suggested that 'the importance of the evaluation area and content elements of the Secondaty School Physical Euducation Teacher Certification Examination should be discussed', 'the questions of asking for a short knowledge or concept should be avoided' and 'The questions of confusing the examinees should be avoided'. 이 연구는 2014학년도부터 2020학년도까지의 체육과 중등학교 교사 임용후보자 선정 경쟁시험의 교과교육학문항을 대상으로 한국교육과정평가원(2016)이 제시한 ‘체육 평가 영역 및 평가 내용 요소’와 Bloom의‘신 교육목표분류’를 근거로 출제 경향과 문항 수준을 분석하였다. 임용시험에서 출제된 교과교육학과 문항수와 점수를 살펴보면, 교과교육학은 총 전공 점수의 26-38% 비율로 출제되었으며, 2015년 문제를 제외하면 한국교육과정평가원에서 제시한 ‘교과교육학 출제 비율 25-35%, 교과내용학 출제 비율 65-75%’를 준수한 것으로 나타났다. 출제 문항의 영역별로는 7년간 체육교과교육과 체육교육 교재 영역에서는 출제되지 않았고, 체육교육과정 영역 24문항, 체육 교수학습 및 평가 영역 42문항, 체육교사 영역 7문항이 출제되어 체육교육과정 영역과체육 교수학습 및 평가 영역의 편중 현상을 보였다. 출제문항의 수준을 위한 교육목표분석의 인지과정 차원에선 기억하다(38.2%), 이해하다(47.3%)가 대부분을 차지하였고, 지식차원에서도 사실적지식(12.3%), 개념적지식(85.5%)이 지식차원의 유형 중 97.8%를 차지하였다. 이러한 결과를 토대로 임용시험 목적에 타당한 교과교육학 문제가 출제될 수 있도록‘임용시험의 평가 영역 및 내용 요소의 비중에 대한 논의가 이루어져야 한다’와‘단편적인 지식이나 개념을 묻는 문제는 지양해야 한다’, ‘수험생에게 혼란을 주는 문제는 지양해야 한다’라는시사점을 제시하였다.
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고등학교 체육교사의 체육활동 활성화 노력에 관한 내러티브 탐구
이대중,김대진,임은주 한국체육교육학회 2020 한국체육교육학회지 Vol.24 No.4
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to suggestions to revitalize high school physical education by examining the practical efforts of physical education teachers who led the activation of physical education activities in the high school. Method: For this purpose, the high school teacher was selected as a research participant, and data were collected through in-depth interviews for narrative inquiry and physical activity plans, homepage, and official documents. The collected data were analyzed by the method proposed by Clandinin & Connelly(2000) (broadening, burrowing, storying and restorying). Results: As a result of the study, strategies for revitalizing physical education were categorized into ‘environmental atmosphere’, ‘hosting sports competition for all students’ participation, ‘cultivating representative school sports clubs’, and ‘expanding sports exchanges with teachers, students, parents, and graduates’. The driving force of the teacher who achieved these results was ‘self-renewal’, ‘mission’ and ‘reward’. Conclusion: There are four suggestions. First, it is necessary to create an atmosphere in which students can freely participate in sports activities. Second, a dedicated sports administrator is required. Third, practical physical education teacher training is needed to lead physical activity activation. Fourth, a guaranteed sport activity budget should be secured. I hope that the results and suggestions presented in this study will be the basic data for school sports activation. 이 연구는 인문계 고등학교에서 체육활동 활성화를 이끈 체육교사의 실천적 노력을 심층적으로 살펴 봄으로써고등학교 체육 활성화 방안을 제언으로 제시하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 우수고의 강교사를 연구참여자로 선정하였으며, 내러티브 탐구를 위한 심층면담과 우수고에 재직하면서 작성한 체육활동 계획서, 우수고 홈페이지, 공식적인 문서 등을 통해 자료를 수집하였다. 수집된 자료는 Clandinin & Connelly (2000)이 제시한 분석방법(broadening, burrowing, storying and restorying)을 통해 이루어 졌다. 연구 결과, 체육 활성화를 위한 전략은‘분위기 조성', ‘전교생 참여 유도 스포츠 대회 개최', ‘학교 대표 학교스포츠클럽 육성', ‘사부자, 동문 교류 확대' 로 범주화되었으며, 이러한 결과를 이루어낸 강교사의 원동력은 ‘쇄신', ‘사명', ‘보람'인 것으로 나타났다. 제언은 4가지다. 첫째, 자유롭게 체육활동에 참여할 수 있는 분위기를 조성해야 한다. 둘째, 체육 전담 행정 실무자가 필요하다. 셋째, 체육활동 활성화를 이끌 실질적인 체육교사 연수가 필요하다. 넷째, 보장성 체육관련 예산을 확보해야 한다. 이 연구에서 제시된 결과와 제언이 학교체육 활성화를 위한 기초자료가 되길 바란다.
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계혈등 에탄올 추출물의 RANKL 처리 RAW264.7 세포의 분화와 염증성 골 손실에 미치는 영향
이대중,황종현,박도휘,강기성,전찬용,황귀서 대한한방내과학회 2022 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.43 No.6
Purpose: We evaluated whether Spatholobus suberectus extract (SSE) can be used as a means of preventing and treating osteoporosis by measuring its effect on osteoclast differentiation, gene expression, and bone resorption. Methods: SSE was used to examine the effect on RAW 264.7 cells stimulated with RANKL to induce bone resorption. The inhibitory effect of TRAP formation and the expression of the bone resorption factors TRAP, cathepsin K, and MMP-9 during differentiation were measured. The effects on the differentiation-related factors NFATc and TRAIL and on the expression of OC-STAMP, DC-STAMP, ATP6v0d2, MITF, c-Fos, and inflammation-related factors were also evaluated. The effect on bone resorption was evaluated by culturing RANKL-treated osteoclasts on artificial bone fragments and observing the resulting resorption traces. The effect on bone damage in experimental animals was also measured. Results: SSE inhibited the differentiation of RANKL-stimulated osteoclasts into osteoclasts and suppressed the expression of cathepsin K, TRAP, MMP-9, NFATc1, TRAIL, MITF, OC-STAMP, DC-STAMP, ATP6v0d2, and c-Fos genes. Bone pore formation due to osteoclast action was also inhibited, and LPS-induced bone loss was suppressed in animal experiments. Conclusions: SSE could be useful for the prevention or treatment of osteoporosis by inhibiting osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption and suppressing bone loss induced in experimental animals. However, studies of larger populations are required.
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