지리도면의 자동 벡터화를 위한 영상 세선화 알고리즘의 체계적인 성능평가

이경호,김경호,조성배,최윤철,Lee, Kyung-Ho,Kim, Kyong-Ho,Cho, Sung-Bae,Choy, Yoon-Chul 한국정보처리학회 1997 정보처리논문지 Vol.4 No.12

최근에 사회 여러 분야에 걸쳐서 지리정보를 효과적으로 저장하여 검색할 수 있도록 하는 지리정보시스템에 대한 관심이 고조되고 있다. 이를 구축하는데 가장 많은 시간과 비용이 소요되는 부분은 지리정보의 입력 부분으로 효율적인 입력 방법을 선택하는 것이 매우 중요하다. 여기에서 입력 영상으로부터 한 화소 두께의 골격선을 추출하는 영상 세선화 알고리즘은 전처리 단계로서 필수적이라 할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 그동안 주로 문 자 인식 등의 영상처리를 위해 발표된 영상 세선화 알고리즘들 중에서 대표적인 알고리즘을 등고선도와 지적도 및 상하수도 등의 지리도면에 적용하여 비교 분석함으로써 각각의 지리도면의 자동 벡터화에 적합한 알고리즘을 제시하고자 한다. 여러가지 평가 기준에 의해 실험한 결과, 등고선도의 경우에는 Arcelli의 방법, 지적도는 Holt의 방법, 그리고 상하수도는 Chen의 방법이 각각 적합하다는 것을 알 수 있었다. In a variety of fields, recently, there is a growing interest in Geographic Information System which facilitates efficient storage and retrieval of geographic information. It is of extreme importance to make a good choice of efficient input method, because it takes the most of the lime and cost in constructing a GIS. Among several steps, thinning input image to produce skeleton of unit width is prerequisite to the automatic input or geographic maps. In this paper, we systematically evaluate the performance of representative thinning algorithms in geographic maps such as contour, cadastral, and water and sewer maps, and suggest appropriate algorithms for the maps, respectively. A thorough experiment indicates that Arcelli's method is best for contour maps, Holt's method for cadastral maps, and Chen's method for water and sewer maps.

정보기술의 발전에 따른 정보윤리의식의 확립방안

이경호,Lee, Kyung-Ho 한국도서관정보학회 1998 한국도서관정보학회지 Vol.28 No.-

This study aims to analyze categorically social and ethical problems related to the recent development of information technology and, then to propose measures to prevent the spread of the problems. For this purpose, the study examines the information ethics and information-related ethical education in some of the advanced countries and suggests a measure to establish a desirable information ethics which, through the roles of information experts can increase the convenience of the information society. Particularly, information should have been used in the right manner but it is not. This has caused legal and technical problems and now there is a need for cultural, societal and ethical changes. In fact, new technology and legal - institutional devices may solve those problems caused by the development. However, we should recognize the importance of human in life by taking expected social efforts into broader consideration. it is to be desired, above all, that ethical problems should be discussed toward respecting the interests of both indivisuals and society with the protection of the illegal circulation of unlawful and unhealthy information. Consequently, in order to solve those problems, it is required that remove the negative effects both information providers and users themselves through the enactment and enforcement of information ethics doctrine. The reason is that professionals' decision may be more specific than others. Therefore, specialists who work information fields including computers should reevaluate the a n.0, pplication of ethics and make new regulations. By doing this the rightful advancement of information culture can be accomplishmented and responsible infortizen can be created. Futhermore, primary schools and other institutions, which train technical communication specialists, should teach technical skills, computers, as well as ethnological consciousness when they use information mediums.

타액선질환에 대한 타액선조영상과 스캔상의 비교연구

이경호,안형규,Lee Kyung-Ho,Ahn Hyung-Kyu 대한영상치의학회 1987 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.17 No.1

The purpose of this study was to aid in diagnosis of salivary gland disease by comparing the sialogram with the scintigram. In this study, 47 patients (52 glands) who had taken the sialography and the scintigraphy were examined. The result of two methods was compared with the clinical and operative diagnosis. The following results are obtained. 1. In inflammatory diseases of the salivary gland, the scintigraphy can be a valuable substitution for a sialography. 2. In inflammatory diseases of the salivary gland, we can get more informations in case of the combined use of the sialography and the scintigraphy. 3. In tumorous lesion of the salivary gland, the sialography is superior to the scintigraphy. But both methods are less valuable in diagnosing the extraglandular tumors.

간헐외사시에서 1시간 또는 2시간으로 단축한 눈가림의 효과

이경호,서영우,조윤애,Kyung Ho Lee,Young Woo Suh,PhD,Yoon Ae Cho,PhD 대한안과학회 2014 대한안과학회지 Vol.55 No.4

Purpose: To evaluate the compliance level of therapy and the change in exo-angle after 1 or 2 hours of part-time occlusion therapy in intermittent exotropia. Methods: This retrospective study included 97 patients with intermittent exotropia who were followed-up for more than 6 months after their initial visit. We evaluated the exo-angle and prescribed either 1 hour or 2 hours of part-time occlusion therapy for the fixating eye. After 6 months, the exo-angle was reevaluated and compliance was examined. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to the occlusion therapy time: the 1-hour patching group (33 patients) and the 2-hour patching group (64 patients). Compliance and deviation angle were retrospectively reviewed and compared between the 2 groups. We evaluated the exo-angle of patients with compliance over 50% (1-hour patching group (31 patients), 2-hour patching group (51 patients)). Results: The mean exo-angles on the first visit were 22.61 ± 5.78 PD (prism diopters) at distance and 22.88 ± 8.11 PD at close-range in the 1-hour patching group, and 26.17 ± 4.55 PD at distance and 25.27 ± 8.54 PD at close-range in the 2-hour patching group. The proportion of patients with compliance over 50% was higher in the 1-hour patching group (93.94%) than in the 2-hour patching group (79.69%, <em>p</em> = 0.013). There were significant decreases in distant and close- range deviation angles after part-time occlusion in patients with compliance over 50% in both groups (1-hour patching group distant<em> p </em>= 0.042, close-range <em>p</em> = 0.002; 2-hour patching group distant <em>p</em> < 0.001, close-range <em>p</em> < 0.001). The magnitude of deviation angle decrease was not statistically significant between the 2 groups (ANCOVA; distant p = 0.461, near <em>p</em> = 0.761). Conclusions: One or 2 hours of part-time occlusion therapy in intermittent exotropia provided beneficial effects, including decreasing the deviation angle. The magnitude of deviation angle decrease, however, was not different between the 2 times of therapy. Compliance was higher in the 1-hour part-time occlusion therapy group. Therefore, 1-hour part-time occlusion therapy could be effective in patients with poor cooperation. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 2014;55(4):585-589

현장 품질관리를 고려한 경량골재 콘크리트의 시방서 개정안에 대한 고찰

이경호,양근혁,Lee, Kyung-Ho,Yang, Keun-Hyeok 한국건축시공학회 2018 한국건축시공학회지 Vol.18 No.3

이 연구에서는 국내산 인공 경량골재를 사용한 콘크리트의 실험결과를 바탕으로 콘크리트 표준시방서의 관련내용에 대한 합리성 및 개정의 필요성을 평가하였다. 국내 표준시방서의 내용은 ACI 211.2, ACI 213, ACI 301, JASS 5 및 CEB-FIP 시방내용들과 비교하였다. 국내산 인공 경량 잔골재의 연속적 입도분포를 위해서는 최대직경 2.5mm 이하의 천연모래 혼입이 요구되었다. 경량골재 콘크리트의 재료분리 및 과도한 블리딩을 제어하기 위해서는 현재 시방서에서 제시된 최대 물-결합재비와 단위수량에 대한 수정이 요구되었다. 특히, 배합 목표성능인 초기 슬럼프, 28일 압축강도, 공기량 및 기건 단위용적중량에 대해 경량골재 콘크리트의 합리적인 배합설계 절차의 확립이 요구되었다. 결과적으로 콘크리트 표준시방서는 국내산 인공 경량골재의 특성을 고려하여 전반적이 개정이 요구되었다. This study examined the reliability and revision necessity of concrete standard specifications based on the comparisons with test data obtained by using domestic artificial lightweight aggregates and the contents specified in different foreign specifications including ACI 211.2, ACI 213, ACI 301, JASS 5 and CEB-FIP. To achieve the continuous particle distribution of domestic fine lightweight aggregates, the partial addition of natural sand with the maximum size of 2.5mm was required. To control the segregation and excessive bleeding in the fresh lightweight concrete, the current limitations on the water-to-binder ratio and unit water content need to be modified using lower values. In particular, a rational mixture proportion approach of lightweight concrete needs to be established for the targeted requirements of initial slump, 28-day compressive strength, air content and dry unit weight. Ultimately, significant revision of the concrete standard specifications is required considering the characteristics of domestic artificial lightweight aggregates.

망막대형혈관환자에서 발생한 중심장액맥락망막병증

이경호,오재령,김성우,허걸,Kyung Ho Lee,Jaeryung Oh,Seong-Woo Kim,Kuhl Huh 대한안과학회 2013 대한안과학회지 Vol.54 No.7

Purpose: The relationship between central serous chorioretinopathy associated with retinal macrovessel remains controversial due to its rareness. We report a case of central serous chorioretinopathy diagnosed by spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) in a patient with a retinal macrovessel that improved spontaneously. Case summary: A 36-year-old healthy male patient visited our clinic complaining of blurred vision in his left eye. Fundus examination of the left eye revealed central serous chorioretinopathy with retinal macrovessel in the macular area. Fundus fluorescent angiography showed an ink blot-shaped leakage, which was not clearly distinguishable due to a retinal macrovessel. Serous retinal detachment under the neurosensory retina was identified on OCT. A small pigment epithelial detachment was observed and considered as a leaking point. However, no visible exudates appeared to be leaking around the retinal macrovessel. Conclusions: Central serous chorioretinopathy with a retinal macrovessel in a Korean patient was evaluated by SD-OCT. When compared with typical cases, no differences were observed in this case and no significant associations between central serous chorioretinopathy and retinal macrovessel were shown.

4K UHD급 H.264/AVC 복호화기를 위한 4×4 블록 병렬 보간 움직임보상기 아키텍처 설계

이경호,공진흥,Lee, Kyung-Ho,Kong, Jin-Hyeung 대한전자공학회 2013 전자공학회논문지 Vol.50 No.11

In this paper, we proposed a $4{\times}4$ block parallel architecture of interpolation for high-performance H.264/AVC Motion Compensation in 4K UHD($3840{\times}2160$) video real time processing. To improve throughput, we design $4{\times}4$ block parallel interpolation. For supplying the $9{\times}9$ reference data for interpolation, we design 2D cache buffer which consists of the $9{\times}9$ memory arrays. We minimize redundant storage of the reference pixel by applying the Search Area Stripe Reuse scheme(SASR), and implement high-speed plane interpolator with 3-stage pipeline(Horizontal Vertical 1/2 interpolation, Diagonal 1/2 interpolation, 1/4 interpolation). The proposed architecture was simulated in 0.13um standard cell library. The maximum operation frequency is 150MHz. The gate count is 161Kgates. The proposed H.264/AVC Motion Compensation can support 4K UHD at 72 frames per second by running at 150MHz. 본 연구에서는 4K UHD($3840{\times}2160$) 영상을 실시간 복호화하기 위한 $4{\times}4$ 블록 병렬 보간 H.264/AVC 움직임보상기를 제안한다. 연산처리 성능을 향상시키기 위해 보간 연산을 $4{\times}4$ 블록 단위로 병렬화시켰으며, 병렬 보간 연산에서 필요한 메모리 대역폭을 확장하기 위해 $9{\times}9$개의 메모리 어레이를 가진 2D 캐쉬 버퍼 구조를 설계하였다. 그리고 2D 캐쉬 버퍼는 검색영역 간 재사용 기법을 적용하여 참조화소의 중복저장을 최소화하였으며, $4{\times}4$ 블록 병렬 보간 필터는 3단(수평 수직 1/2부화소, 대각선 1/2부화소, 1/4부화소) 평면 보간 연산 파이프라인 구조로 설계하여 연산회로를 고속화시켰다. 0.13um 공정에서 시뮬레이션한 결과, 161K게이트의 H.264/AVC 움직임보상기는 동작주파수 150MHz에서 4K UHD급 동영상을 초당 72프레임으로 실시간 처리하는 성능을 보였다.

선박 안전성 평가 및 구난지원 시스템

이경호,이동곤,Kyung-Ho Lee,Dong-Kon Lee 대한조선학회 1999 大韓造船學會 論文集 Vol.36 No.3

선박의 사고는 인명과 재산의 손실뿐만 아니라 사고 선박으로부터 유출되는 기름과 유해한 산적 화물에 의한 환경 오염을 초래하기 때문에 사고를 미연에 방지하는 것 뿐 만 아니라, 사고가 발생하였을 때 이에 신속히 대처함으로써 오명을 최소화하고 2차 사고의 위험을 줄이는 것이 매우 중요한 문제이다. 그러나 지금까지의 기술적 지원이 결여된 경험위주의 대처 방법으로는 사고선박에 대한 구난을 안전하고 신속하게 처리하기가 쉽지 않다. 본 연구에서는 체계적이고 과학적인 구난지원 도구를 개발하여 이를 사고 현장의 구난지원 작업에 투입하고자 한다. 이를 위하여 구난지원 체계를 구축하고, 프로토타입 시스템을 개발하여 사고선박에 대한 안전하고 신속한 구난지원 가능성을 검토하였다. Marine casualties of dangerous cargo carriers lead to not only the loss of human life and properties, but also marine pollution caused by spilled oil and hazardous cargo. So the prevention of marine casualties and emergence response to minimize pollution are very important problems to be settled. But until now, most of salvage assistance jobs have been done based on rule of thumb without any technical support. It is not easy to cope with the incidents safely and rapidly under the current situation. The purpose of this paper is to develop a systematic and engineering salvage assistance tool available in the casualty sites. This paper contains the construction of salvage system, classification of technical items, and prototype system for the safety assessment. The developed system enable a salvage engineer in his/her salvaging jobs to perform safely and promptly.

해양구조물을 위한 유비쿼터스 기반의 혼합현실 유지보수 지원 시스템

이경호,이정민,김동근,한영수,Lee, Kyung-Ho,Lee, Jung-Min,Kim, Dong-Guen,Han, Young-Soo 한국전산구조공학회 2008 한국전산구조공학회논문집 Vol.21 No.6

IT기술의 발전에 따른 각종 산업에서의 유비쿼터스 도입이 이루어지고 있다 특히 자동차 산업에서 유비쿼터스 환경 도입을 위한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있으며, BMW의 경우 유비쿼터스 환경 기반의 운전자지원시스템을 연구한바 있다. 조선산업에서 유비쿼터스 환경을 구축하고자 유비쿼터스 기반의 혼합현실을 제시한다. 혼합현실은 현실과 가상이 융합된 환경으로 현실에 기반을 두었을 때 증강현실이라고 하며, 이것은 현실세계에 가상의 물체를 오버랩하여 보여줌으로써 보다 현실감을 높여주는 기술이다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 해양구조물에서의 효과적인 검자 지원을 위하여 증강현실 기술을 활용하였으며 프로토 타입을 구축해 봄으로 그 활용 가능성을 판단해 보고자 한다. Ubiquitous has spotlighted in the industry in these days, and automotive industry has tried to build ubiquitous environment like as 'intelligent driver assistance system' in BMW Inc. even though in shipbuilding industry. As the part of Ubiquitous Technology for visualization, Mixed Reality has been adopted in this paper. Augmented reality, a part of mixed reality, could show the mixed real world, overlapping virtual objects. Therefore, it is more realistic than virtual reality that all generated by computer and it is very useful for displaying information. For this reason, we tried to apply augmented reality to inspect marine structure and we developed the inspection assistance system based on mixed reality

활성탄에 의한 Acid Black과 Quinoline Yellow의 흡착특성 및 파라미터

이경호,황은진,백우승,이종집,동종인,Yi, Kyung Ho,Hwang, Eun Jin,Baek, Woo Seung,Lee, Jong-Jib,Dong, Jong-In 한국청정기술학회 2020 청정기술 Vol.26 No.3

활성탄에 의한 Acid black(AB)과 Quinoline yellow(QY)의 등온흡착과 속도실험을 염료의 초기농도, 접촉 시간, 온도 및 pH를 흡착변수로 수행하여 등온흡착과 동력학적, 열역학적 파라미터에 대해 조사하였다. 흡착평형자료는 Freundlich 등온흡착식에 잘 맞았으며, 계산된 Freundlich 분리계수 값으로부터 활성탄이 AB와 QY를 효과적으로 제거할 수 있다는 것을 알았다. 속도실험 데이터는 흡착공정은 유사 이차 반응속도식이 오차율 10% 이내로 잘 맞았다. 입자 내 확산식에 대한 결과는 두단계의 직선으로 구분되었다. 입자내 확산을 나타내는 두 번째 직선의 기울기가 경계층 확산의 기울기보다 작아서 입자 내 확산이 속도지배단계인 것을 확인하였다. 열역학 실험으로부터 AB와 QY의 활성화 에너지는 각각 19.87 kJ mol^-1, 14.17 kJ mol^-1였고 물리흡착공정(5 ~ 40 kJ mol^-1)에 해당하였다. 활성탄에 의한 AB와 QY의 흡착반응의 자유에너지 변화는 298 ~ 318 K 범위에서 모두 음의 수치를 나타냈기 때문에 흡착반응이 자발적이었으며 온도가 증가할수록 자유에너지 값이 감소하였기 때문에 자발성이 더 높아졌다. pH 변화실험 결과, 활성탄에 의한 AB와 QY는 해리하여 발생한 음이온의 영향으로 pH 3에서 가장 높은 흡착제거율을 나타냈으며, 흡착메카니즘은 정전기적 인력이었다. The isothermal adsorption, dynamic, and thermodynamic parameters of Acid black (AB) and Quinoline yellow (QY) adsorption by activated carbon were investigated using the initial concentration, contact time, temperature, and pH of the dyes as adsorption parameters. The adsorption equilibrium data fits the Freundlich isothermal adsorption model, and the calculated Freundlich separation factor values found that activated carbon can effectively remove AB and QY. Comparing the kinetic data showed that the pseudo second order model was within 10% error in the adsorption process. The intraparticle diffusion equation results were divided into two straight lines. Since the slope of the intraparticle diffusion line was smaller than the slope of the boundary layer diffusion line, it was confirmed that intraparticle diffusion was the rate-controlling step. The thermodynamic experiments indicated that the activation energies of AB and QY were 19.87 kJ mol^-1 and 14.17 kJ mol^-1, which corresponded with the physical adsorption process (5 ~ 40 kJ mol^-1). The adsorption reaction was spontaneous because the free energy change in the adsorption of AB and QY by activated carbon was negative from 298 to 318 K. As the temperature increased, the free energy value decreased resulting in higher spontaneity. Adsorption of AB and QY by activated carbon showed the highest adsorption removal rate at pH 3 due to the effect of anions generated by dissociation. The adsorption mechanism was electrostatic attraction.