『스페인의 비극』(The Spanish Tragedy)에 나타난 복수의 명분

이경호(Kyongho Lee) 한국셰익스피어학회 2010 셰익스피어 비평 Vol.46 No.2

In the Renaissance Age, ‘revenge tragedy’ was the most frequently performed dramatic form on the stage, and The Spanish Tragedy is one of the representative revenge tragedies. This paper aims at comprehensive understanding of The Spanish Tragedy by explaining its historical background and by analyzing the methods and causes of revenge in the work. The great advantages of The Spanish Tragedy as a revenge play are that strong revenge motives are given and amplified in two murders of Andrea and Horatio happened before the play starts, and almost all the horrible actions take place on the stage. The conflicts between two opposing forces of Hieronimo and Lorenzo started from the middle of the play continues to the end, and their secret and cruel struggles increase dramatic interests. The consistence of characters and plot remains to its end, and the play within play embellished the denouement. The revenge cause of this play is justice sublimed into the religious level. In this play, various justices are suggested such as divine justice, earthly justice and hellish justice. In the course of revenge, as the Christian ideas of revenge begin to appear, the protagonist Hieronimo suffers more serious mental or psychological conflict than any other characters. In his revenging duties, Hieronimo suggests the spectators that there is no justice in human level and Spain is not the desirable nation in his experience.

존 웹스터(John Webster)의 『하얀 악마』(The White Devil)에 나타난 군주와 궁정에 대한 풍자

이경호(Kyongho Lee) 한국셰익스피어학회 2007 셰익스피어 비평 Vol.43 No.4

John Webster's The White Devil reflects Jacobean England where people were confused withe their moral values. The play presents persons who violate traditional morality and dismantle the social order for their own interest and affiliation. For Webster, Jacobean society was referred to as 'theatrum mundi' where violent outrage dominated its hegemony, and audacious betrayal would rather had something to do with its power. And Webster's standpoint was satirical to the extent that he criticized the moral hazard and his denunciation was ironic. This paper exemplifies Webster's view of ideal society and illuminates its dramatic signification. Therefore textual reading focuses on his critical satire concerned with the prince and court satire. Bracciano is a typical tyrant of irresponsibility and immorality. Forgetting his public duties to build up the order of his dukedom, he abuses his power by falling in love with Vittoria. Webster's perspective on the ideal prince manifested through Cornelia and Antonio's speech. Cornelia talks about "model of the time," and Antonio mentions French king who could establish the order of his country clearing up the flatters and knaves in his court. And later Giovanni is suggested as an ideal prince. Therefore Webster's paradoxical dramatization of Bracciano presents his ideal of a prince implying that a prince should moderate his personal desire in order to best serve public duties. The other theme of the White Devil is the corruption of court reward and punishment and it is divided into three parts for later development: first, the rotten prodigality of court life; second, the evils of a social system in which sycophants flatter a prince; third, a prince's capricious justice. Basically these problems results from the social injustice, which seems to be entirely due to the arbitrariness of "court reward and punishment." And Webster considers a prince's depravity and capricious justice as the main cause of the corruption of court reward and punishment. This is understood as Webster's satirical manifestation or his criticism on society for the sake of the paradoxical emphasis on social justice. In conclusion, Webster satirizes Jacobean England where moral values and political aims were broadly corrupted. But he paradoxically, through a prince's corrupted behaviour and his capricious justice, suggests an ideal country where a prince should keep the balance between his personal desire and public duty, rule the country with strict principle of court reward and punishment.

『말피의 공작부인』의 보솔라를 통해 본 존 웹스터의 풍자

이경호(Kyongho Lee) 한국셰익스피어학회 2009 셰익스피어 비평 Vol.45 No.2

Bosola in The Duchess of Malfi is a typical man who tries and struggles to change his own fate. It is very significant that Webster dramatizes him as a person who wastes his genuine talent and an idealist who suppresses his finer nature to accommodate himself to the roles of a mercenary, a villain, a spy, and a murderer. This paper is to find Webster's hidden purpose, expressed by Bosola as a satirist. Bosola is a scholar who graduated from university or a person who is included in the category of intellectuals. However, he does not live a happy life. He cannot get such treatment as he hopes in the society which he belongs to and cannot get a chance to show his knowledge and talents. In other words, he is a frustrated intellectual and he cannot help being steeped in vice as a means of living. Although Bosola's mode of life is chosen by himself, it is affected more severely by the world which he lives in. So he can see the world with accurate standards of judgement for good and evil. However, he would not judge good and evil plainly, but he express the world and his situation with suitable metaphors or poignant satires. It is Bosola's ability as a satirist that is the appropriate device to express Webster's dreams and hopes for the society in which the individuals could be recognized according to their abilities. With the viewpoint of an intellectual who are completely steeped in vice for living, Webster emphasizes the absurdity of the world, disappointment in human being, and the helplessness of a man before fate. But Webster does not stop here, delivers the true responsibility and duty of a intellectual by showing the end of Bosola fallen as a means of vice, and states paradoxically the need of a society which an intellectual can give full play to his ability and get the reward without falling in vice. And these are considered as Webster's hidden purposes of writing of The Duchess of Malf.

존 웹스터(John Webster)의 작품에 나타난 사랑에 대한 풍자

이경호(Kyongho Lee) 한국셰익스피어학회 2007 셰익스피어 비평 Vol.43 No.2

John Webster's The White Devil and The Duchess of Malfi reflect Jacobean England where people were confused with their moral values. The two plays present persons who violate traditional morality and dismantle the social order for their own interest and affiliation. Webster's standpoint was satiric to the extent that he criticized the moral hazard of the time but his denunciation was ironic. This study exemplifies the four types of love of Vittoria, Zanch, Duchess, and Julia, and illuminates their dramatic significance. Textual reading focuses on Webster's critical satires concerned with their love patterns. Vittoria intends to marry Brachiano, making it possible for her to move up to aristocratic class to pursue her sexual desire as well as to gain economic wealth. And Zanche, as a foil of Vittoria, tries to tempt Flamineo and Francisco disguised as Mulinassar to satisfy her sexual desire. On the other hand, the Duchess wants to be loved as a woman who seeks simple domestic happiness, so she is inclined to marry Antonio who is a "complete man" to her. Julia, as a foil of the Duchess, wants to be loved as a woman by the Cardinal, who treats her as a plaything, but is rejected. Again she tries to tempt Bosola but is poisoned by the Cardinal. All of them dies, but the causes of their death are different. The deaths of Vittoria and Zanche result from their own crimes, while those of the Duchess and Julia do not from their own guilt, but from the corrupt society which doesn't allow their innocent love. Through the four deaths of the women, Webster delineates his ideal of mature love, and presents his critical views on corrupt society where four women face miserable death. In conclusion, Webster criticizes and satirizes Jacobean England where people use love as means of moving up to high class, gaining economic wealth, and satisfying sexual desire. He suggests that a woman should choose a mate with her own free will, judge her mate not by his degree but by his virtue, and confess her love as a wooer.

SGML 문서의 변화 탐지를 위한 알고리즘

변창원(ChangWon Byun),이경호(KyongHo Lee),최윤철(YoonChul Choy) 한국멀티미디어학회 1999 한국멀티미디어학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.1999 No.1

DSSSL 기반 SGML 문서편집기의 설계 및 구현

윤승구(SeungKoo Yoon),이경호(KyongHo Lee),최윤철(YoonChul Choy) 한국정보과학회 1998 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.25 No.1B

SGML[1]은 이 기종간의 호환이 가능하고 문서의 논리적인 구조를 포함할 수 있다는 장점 때문에 CALS, EC/EDI 등의 다양한 분야에서 문서처리의 표준 포맷으로 자리잡았다. 이에 SGML 문서를 쉽게 생성 및 편집할 수 있는 문서편집기에 대한 요구가 급증하고 있으며 현재 전세계적으로 이에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행 중에 있으며 이미 많은 제품들이 상용화되어 있다. 그러나 기존의 문서편집기는 SGML 문서의 프리젠테이션을 위하여 독자적인 스타일 포맷을 사용한다. 이는 개방형 문서 표준인 SGML의 본래 취지에 어긋나는 것이다. 이에 ISO(International Organization Standardization)에서는 SGML 문서의 다양한 처리정보를 기술할 수 있는 표준 안으로 DSSSL[2]을 제안하였다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 DSSSL을 지원하며 한글처리가 가능한 SGML 문서편집기를 개발하였다.

DSSSL을 이용한 SGML 문서의 처리에 관한 연구

장은영(EunYeung Chang),이경호(KyongHo Lee),최윤철(YoonChul Choy) 한국멀티미디어학회 1998 한국멀티미디어학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.1998 No.2

스케일러블 비디오의 프레임 재생율을 이용한 비대칭 손실 보호 알고리즘

하호진(Hojin Ha),이경호(Kyongho Lee) 한국정보기술학회 2013 한국정보기술학회논문지 Vol.11 No.11

This paper proposes an unequal loss protection(ULP) algorithm for improving scalable video streaming quality over packet-lossy networks using the forward error correction(FEC) mechanism. The proposed ULP algorithm is developed by the unequal importance in both temporal and quality layers of hierarchical scalable video coding structure. For efficient FEC code assignment, the proposed ULP algorithm utilizes a simple and efficient performance metric, playable frame rate(PFR). The PFR is adopted for quantifying the unequal block recovery rate of temporal and quality layers. Compared to other ULP algorithms, the proposed ULP algorithm demonstrates higher PSNR values for various channel status.

SGML 문서 검색시스템의 설계 및 구현

고승규(SeungKyu Ko),조승기(SeungKi Cho),백승욱(KyongHo Lee),이경호(SeungUk Baek),최윤철(YoonChul Choy) 한국정보과학회 1999 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.26 No.2Ⅰ

문서의 논리적 구조정보를 표현하는 SGML 문서는 CALS, 디지털 도서관(Digital Library), 인터넷 분야에서 많이 사용되고 있다. 이렇게 SGML 문서들이 널리 사용됨에 따라 문서들의 효율적인 관리가 필요하게 되었고, 사용자가 원하는 문서를 정확하고 신속하게 검색해 줄 수 있는 검색 시스템의 개발이 필요하게 되었다. 좀더 정확한 문서를 검색해 내기 위해서는 SGML 문서의 특징인 구조 정보를 이용한 검색이 필수적이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 효율적인 SGML 문서의 검색을 위한 구조적 기반의 질의어로 eXOL을 정의하고, 이를 지원하는 검색시스템을 개발하였다. 특히 질의어에 경로 연산자를 지원하여 원하는 정보를 정확하게 찾을 수 있도록 한다. 또한 본 시스템은 구조적인 검색을 효율적으로 지원하기 위하여 구조정보를 DSSSL의 Grove에 기반한 구조로 저장한다.

SGML 문서의 스타일 제어를 위한 DSSSL 처리기의 설계 및 구현

변창원(ChangWon Byun),이진호(JinHo Lee),이경호(KyongHo Lee),최윤철(YoonChul Choy) 한국정보과학회 1998 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.25 No.1B

SGML은 문서의 논리적인 구조를 기술하기 위한 마크업 언어 정의 표준안이다. 따라서 SGML 문서에는 문서의 레이아웃이나 프리젠테이션에 관한 정보를 포함하지 않는다. 그러므로 SGML 문서를 프리젠테이션하기 위해서는 이에 대한 정보를 별도로 제공하여야 한다. 이를 위해 ISO에서는 SGML 문서의 다양한 처리정보를 기술하기 위한 표준으로 DSSSL(Document Style Semantics and Specification 언어 :ISO 10179)을 제안하였다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 SGML 문서의 프리젠테이션을 위하여 DSSSL 처리기를 개발하였다. 개발된 DSSSL 처리기는 한글 처리는 물론이고 그림이나 표 등의 다양한 포맷팅 기능을 지원한다.