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이강흡,임성삼,박태원 한국농화학회 1977 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.20 No.2
The yeast strain was isolated from food industry waste water and its identification and biological characteristics were investigated. The optimum condition for cultivations and its activities for the reduction of B.O.D. on the food industry waste water were also confirmed. The results are as follows; 1) The isolated was identified as Candida curvata. 2) Candida curvata grew well in all of the experimented media, so and it can be regarded as a useful strain in the treatment of food industry waste water. 3) There was only a slight difference in the induction period between sterilized cultivation and unsterilized cultivation. But in the ice cream waste water, the period was considerably longer in unsterilized cultivation. 4) Specific rate of growth of Candida curvata in sugar waste water was 0.50/hr, ice cream waste water 0. 50/hr, and beer waste water 1.0/hr. 5) Increasing of innoculum reduced the induction period in unsterilized cultivation. 6) The amount of dried yeast from sugar waste water were 175㎎/ℓ, ice cream waste water 628㎎/ℓ, and beer waste water 857㎎/ℓ Crude protein content in the dried yeast from sugar waste water were 52%, ice cream waste water 54%, and beer waste water 54%. 7) The rate of BOD reduction in sugar waste water were 49%, ice cream waste water 80%, and beer waste water 64%.
이강흡 한국농화학회 1981 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.24 No.2
The immobilization of Lactobacillus bulgaricus was investigated by various method, e.g. by use of polyacrylamide gel and Al-, Ca-, Fe- or Mg-alginate beads, and the most active immobilized cells were obtained by entrapment in a Ca-alginate beads. These immobilized microbial cells, when introduced into 4.5% lactose solution and whey solution showed maximum relative activity of 28% or lactose solution and 18% for whey solution as measured against the native microbial reference standard (100).
이강흡,이계호,박성오 한국농화학회 1980 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.23 No.1
Industrial wastes from pulp and food plants were treated with microorganisms to clarify organic waste-water and to produce cells as animal feed, and results were summarized as follows. (1) Waste-water from pulp, beer, bread yeast, and ethanol distillation plants contained 1.4∼1.5% of total sugar, 0.25∼0.35% nitrogen, and biological oxygen demand (BOD) was 400∼25,000, chemical oxygen demand (COD), 500∼28,000, and pH, 3.8∼7.0. The BOD and COD were highest in waste-water from ethanol distillation plants among others. (2) Bacterial and yeast counts were 4×10⁴-1×10^9, 2×10²-7×10⁴/㎖ in waste-water. (3) Bacteria grew better in pulp waste and yeasts in beer, bread yeast, and ethanol distillation waste. (4) Saccharomyces cerevisiae SAFM 1008 and Candida curvala SAFM 70 were the most suitable microorganisms for clarification of ethanol distillation waste. (5) When liquid and solid waste from ethanol distillation were treated with microbial cellulose, xylanase, and pectinase, solid waste was reduced by 36%, soluble waste was increased, and recuding sugar content was increased by 1.3 times which provided better medium than untreated waste for cultivation of yeasts. (6) Optimum growth conditions of the two species of yeast in ethanol distillation waste were pH 5.0, 30℃, and addition of 0.2% of urea, 0.1% of KH₂PO₄ and 0.02% of MgSO₄. (7) Minimum number of yeast for proper propagation was 1.8×10^5/㎖. (8) C. curvata 70 was better than cerevisae for the production of yeast cells from ethanol distillation waste treated with microbial enzymes. (9) S. cerevisiae produced 16 g of dried cell per 1,000㎖ of ethanol distillation waste and reduced BOD by 46% C. casrvata produced 17.6 g of dried cell and reduced BOD by 52% at the same condition. (10) Yeast cells produced from the ethanol distillation waste contained 46-52% protein indicating suitability as a protein source for animal feed.
노익삼,이강흡 한국농화학회 1974 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.17 No.2
The interaction of the carcinogenic mycotoxin, Aflatoxin B₁, with the electron-donating molecule, benzene, was studied spectrophotometrically. The formation of charge-transfer complex between Atiatoxin B₁ and benzene in the presence of zinc chloride was observed and the apparent equilibrium constant of this charge-transfer complex was found to be 0.198 (liter mole^(-1)). It is assumed that, as the result of this study, some charge-transfer complexes could be formed between the weak electron-accepting Aflatoxin B₁ and strong electron-donating molecules, and the spectral changes occurred in the binding of Aflatoxiu B₁ with proteins or DNA is attributed to the existence of charge-transfer type interaction.
이계호,고정삼,이강흡,Lee, Ke-Ho,Koh, Jeong-Sam,Lee, Kang-Hup 한국응용생명화학회 1976 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.19 No.3
전보(前報)에서 검토한 효소생산 최적조건에서 생성하는 cellulase의 특성(特性)에 대한 실험(實驗)을 행(行)하여 다음의 결과(結果)를 얻었다. 1. 조정제시(粗精製時)에 $(NH_4)_2SO_4$가 0.6포화도일 때 그리고 ethanol 농도(濃度)가 $80{\sim}90%$일 때 회수성(回收性)이 가장 좋았다. 2. 두 균주가 생산한 cellulase의 효소작용 최적 조건은 다음과 같다. Asp. niger-SM6 T. viride-SM10 최적(最適) pH 3.5 4.0 pH 안정성(安定性) $3.0{\sim}6.0$ $3.0{\sim}6.0$ 최적온도(最適溫度) $60^{\circ}C$ $60^{\circ}C$ 열안정성(熱安定性) $60^{\circ}C$이하(以下) $50^{\circ}C$이하(以下) 최적작용시간(最適作用時間) 30분(分) 60분(分) 최적기질농도(最適基質濃度) 3% 3% 3. CMCase에 대한 Km치(値)는 Aspergillus niger-SM6이 0.8%, Trichoderma viride-SM10이 1.01%였다. 4. Aspergillus niger-SM6은 xylanase 및 pectinase도 높은 활성(活性)을 가지고 있었다. In order to investigate the properties of enzymes from two strains of mold, reported in the previous paper, (1) studies have been made concerning the characteristics of cellulase of Aspergillus niger-SM6 and Trichoderma viride-SM10, and summarized as follows. 1. In the semi-purification the recovery of ${\beta}-glucosidase$ was the highest when 80-90% ethanol was used and 0.8 saturation of $(NH_4)_2SO_4$. 2. The characteristics of the semi-purified enzyme were as follows. Aspergillus niger-SM6 Trichoderma viride-SM10 Optimum pH 3.5 4.0 pH stability 3.0-6.0 3.0-6.0 Optimum temperature $60^{\circ}C$ $60^{\circ}C$ Heat stability below $60^{\circ}C$ below $50^{\circ}C$ Optimum reaction time 30 min. 60 min. Optimum CMC concentration 3% 3% 3. The Km values of CMCase were 0.8% and 1.01 for Aspergillus niger-SM6 and Trichoderma viride-SM10, respectively. 4. In the strain of Aspergillus niger-SM6, there were high activity of xylanase and pectinase.
고정삼,이계호,이강흡 한국농화학회 1976 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.19 No.3
In order to investigate the properties of enzymes from two strains of mold, reported in the previous paper, (1) studies have been made concerning the characteristics of cellulose cf Aspergillus niger-SM6 and Trichoderma viride-SM10, and summarized as follows. 1. In the semi-purification the recovery of β-glucosidase was the highest when 80-90% ethanol was used and 0.8 saturation of (NH₄)₂SO₄. 2. The characteristics of the semi-purified enzyme were as follows. Mspergillus niger-SM6 Trichoderma viride-SV110 Optimum pH 3.5 4.0 pH stability 3.0-6.0 3.0-6.0 Optimum temperature 60℃ 60℃ Heat stability below 60℃ below 50℃ Optimum reaction time 30 min. 60 min. Optimum CMC concentration 3% 3% 3. The Km values of CMCase were 0.8% and 1.01 for Aspergillus niger-SM6 and Trichoderma viride-SM10, respectively. 4. In the strain of Aspergillus niger-SM6, there were high activity of xylanase and pectinase.
디메틸페나실슬포늄 헥사풀루오로포스페이트 존재하의 에피클로로히드린의 광양이온 중합
마석일,선향,이강흡,Mah, Souk-Il,Seon, Hyang,Lee, Kang-Heup 한국섬유공학회 1993 한국섬유공학회지 Vol.30 No.7
Photocationic polymerization of epichlorohydrin in the presence of dimethylphenacylsulfonium hexafluorophosphate was carried out. Polymerization behaviors and the molecular structures of resulting polymer were discussed in relation to the reaction parameters such as the degree of dryness, initiator concentration, dark reaction time, temperature and duration of photoirradiation. The kinetic studies revealed that the % conversion to polymer during the photoirradiation is negligible and the polymerization mainly proceeds in the dark reaction period which implies the living nature of this polymerization system. However, the presence of initiator fragments at the end group of the polymer, confirmed by spectroscopic analysis indicated that the initiator takes a role not only in the initiation but also in the termination, which denies the true living nature of this polymerization system. A possible polymerization mechanism was proposed, based on the kinetic and spectroscopic results.
디페닐요도늄 헥사플루오로포스헤이트 존재하의 테트라히드로퓨란의 광양이온용액중합
마석일,조형진,이강흡,Ma, Seok-Il,Jo, Hyeong-Jin,Lee, Gang-Heup 한국섬유공학회 1995 한국섬유공학회지 Vol.32 No.3
Photocationic polymerization of tetrahydrofuran(THF) in methylene chloride has been carried out in the presence of diphenyliodonium hexafluorophosphate. It has been f]unto that the living nature is lost to some extent by the addition of polar solvent. This can be explained with an assumption that the equilibrium between ion pair and free ion, responsible for the cationic propagation, is shifted to free ion by the polar solvent and the reactivity of free cationic propagating species results in the increase in chain transfer. The stability of cationic species has been explained in terms of thermodynamics.
마석일,박우선,선향,이강흡,Mah, Souk-Il,Park, Woo-Yang,Seon, Hyang,Lee, Kang-Heup 한국섬유공학회 1992 한국섬유공학회지 Vol.29 No.4
Photopolymerization of a-methylstyrene in dichloromethane solution has been carried out in the presence of diphenyliodonium hexafluorophosphate A 500W high pressure mercury lamp was used as a light source of irradiation. The conversion of the monomer to polymer and the molecular weight distribution of the resulting polymer were measured by means of gravimetry and GPC, respectively. Higher rate of polymerization and higher average molecular weight of the polymer was observed at - 78˚C than those obtained at o˚C. Furthermore, bimodal molecular weight distribution of the polymer, obtained in the early stage of the reaction, revealed the simultaneous operation of the cationic species in the free ion and ion pair state.