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법랑기질유도체가 탈회 치근표면에서 치주인대섬유아세포의 생물학적 성상에 미치는 영향
이강운,김태일,설양조,이용무,구영,류인철,정종평,한수부,Lee, Kang-Woon,Kim, Tae-Il,Seol, Yang-Jo,Lee, Yong-Moo,Ku, Young,Rhyu, In-Chul,Chung, Chong-Pyung,Han, Soo-Boo 대한치주과학회 2008 Journal of Periodontal & Implant Science Vol.38 No.4
Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of EMD on demineralized root surface using human periodontal ligament cells and compare the effects of root conditioning materials(tetracycline(TCN), EDTA). Material and Methods: Dentin slices were prepared from the extracted teeth and demineralized with TCN and EDTA. Demineralized dentin slices were incubated at culture plate with 25, 50 and $100{\mu}g/ml$ concentration of EMD. Cell attachment, alkaline phosphatase activity test, protein synthesis assay and scanning electronic microscopic examination were done. Results: Cells were attached significantly higher in EMD treated group at 7 and 14 days. Cell numbers were significantly higher in EMD treated group. Alkaline phosphatase activity was significantly higher in EMD treated group at 7 and 14 days. Protein synthesis was significantly higher in EMD treated group at 7 and 14 days. Conclusion: Enamel matrix derivatives enhance the biologic activities of human periodontal ligament cells on demineralized root surface and its effects are dependent on the concentration of EMD.
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이강운,이철우,한수부,Lee, Kang-Woon,Lee, Chel-Woo,Han, Soo-Boo 대한치주과학회 1999 Journal of Periodontal & Implant Science Vol.29 No.1
The purpose of this study was to observe histopathologically the influence of advanced periodontitis on pulp tissue, and to conclude the correlation between the results with clinical manifestations. The samples were teeth with over 7mm pocket depth and over 50% radiographic bone loss. These were diagnosed to have very poor prognosis and thus planned to be extracted. Those with any of following conditions were excluded from the samples, loss of vitality, periapical pathology, restoration or prosthesis, dental caries, and attrition or abrasion. It was because these conditions could affect pulp without any correlation with periodontal disease. For the experiment, 17 teeth from 11 patients were selected. Average age of patient was 47. Each tooth was examined for following categoris; pocket depth, gingival recession, electric pulp test, mobility, percussion test, sensitivity test. The extracted teeth were fixed buffered neutral formalin solution. It was decalcified using 4% nitric acid. Sliced histological samples observed using light microscope, for pulp status, and severeity of inflammation. 4 samples were excluded due to histologic sample discrepency. Thus 13 samples were subject to observation. 4 showed normal conditions. Focal reversable pulpitis was shown in 5 samples. Chronic pulpitis was observed 1 sample. Pulpal abscess was observed in 3 samples.
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해성점토지반에서 CPT를 이용한 응력이력(OCR, $\sigma$를 p)의 산정
이강운,윤길림,채영수 한국지반공학회 2002 한국지반공학회논문집 Vol.18 No.6
Various CPT-based prediction models far profiling stress history of marine clay at the southern part of the Korean peninsula were investigated by using both statistical analysis and case history study. Preconsolidation pressures($\sigma'$p) and overconsolidation ratio(OCR) estimated by empirical correlations and cone penetration tests were compared with those of laboratory odometer test results. Stress history of marine clay determined by odometer test results was in general overconsolidated at below 10m depth from the mudline, whereas marine clay at below l0m depth from the mudline which has an around 0.3 overconsolidation ratio showed variable stresses and unstable states. Preconsolidation pressures were computed by both empirical methods of the Chen and Mayne(1996) and theoretical method of Konrad and Law(1987). It is estimated that Chen and Mayne(1996)'s prediction method based on pore water pressure is more reliable than any other prediction methods, and their method proved to be the most reliable for overconsolidation ratio estimation. However, it is recommended that Mayne & Holtz(1988) and Mayne & Bachus(1988) methods are more suitable than any other methods for predicting the overconsolidation ratio at an underconsolidated (OCR<1) clay. For these reasons, rather than making use of existing prediction models, development of site specific empirical correlations which considers local characteristics and site conditions may be required due to different local stress history and variable soil properties. 국내 남해안 해성점토 지반의 응력이력(stress history)에 대하여 피조콘 관입시험 방법을 이용하여 통계분석과 사례 연구을 통하여 조사하였다. 경험식과 피조콘 관입시험으로 산정한 선행압밀응력과 과압밀비는 이론적, 경험적 상관관계를 찾고자 회귀분석을 수행하였고 기준값은 실내 표준압밀시험 결과를 토대로 하였다. 표준압밀시험에서 나타난 조사 지반의 응력이력 상태는 전체적으로 해수면 아래 표층 l0m까지는 과압밀된 상태였으나, 표층 l0m 아래 깊이에서는 과압밀비(OCR)가 0.3까지도 존재하여 전반적으로 지층상태는 불안정한 구조를 가지고 있었다. 응력이력에서 선행압밀하중의 결정은 Chen과 Mayne(1996)의 경험방법과 Konrad와 Law(1987)의 이론공식을 사용하였다. 산정결과, Chen과 Mayne(1996)의 경험공식중에서 간극수압을 이용한 예측방법이 가장 신뢰성이 높았다. 그리고 과압밀비도 Chen과 Mayne(1996)의 경험식이 가장 높은 신뢰성을 보였다. 하지만 Mayne과 Holtz(1988), 그리고 Mayne과 Bachus(1988)방법은 각각 OCR이 1.0이하인 미압밀 지반에서 좋은 결과를 제시하였다. 그러므로 피조콘 관입시험으로부터 지반의 응력이력을 산정하는 다양한 방법은 대부분 지반조건과 위치에 따라 그 결과가 크게 다르므로 지역과 현장특성을 반영한 적합식을 개발하여 지반 설계에 활용하는 것이 타당한 것으로 판단되었다.
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Pt 상부 전극 증착온도가 PZR 박막의 전지적 특성에 미치는 영향
이강운,이원종,Lee, Kang-Woon,Lee, Won-Jong 한국재료학회 1998 한국재료학회지 Vol.8 No.11
Pt 상부 전극 증착온도가 Pb(Zr,Ti)$O_3$(PZT) 박막의 전기적 특성에 미치는 영향에 대하여 연구하였다. Pt 상부 전극을 $200^{\circ}C$이상의 고온에서 증착하는 경우, Pt 전극의 하부에 위치한 PZT 박막은 강유전 특성이 심하게 저하되었으나, Pt 전극이 증착되지 않았던 부분은 강유전 특성이 저하되지 않았다. 이와 같은 현상이 발생된 것은 진공 chamber 내의 수증기가 Pt 상부전극의 촉매 작용에 의해 수소 원자로 분해되고, 이 분해된 수소 원자가 고온에서 Pt 하부의 PZT 박막 내로 확산해 들어가 PZT박막에 산소 공공을 만들어 내기 때문이다. Pt의 촉매 작용이 없이는 수증기의 수소 원자로의 분해가 어려우므로 Pt 전극이 덮여져 있지 않는 PZT 박막은 강유전 특성이 저하되지 않는다. 이러한 강유전 특성의 저하는 산소 분위기의 RTA(rapid thermal annealing)처리에 의해 회복이 되었다. 한편, 누설전류 특성은 Pt 상부 전극의 증착온도가 증가함에 따라 향상되는 특성을 보였다. The effects of deposition temperature of Pt top electrodes on the electrical properties of Pb(Zr,Ti))$O_3$, (PZT) thin film were investigated. When the Pt top electrodes were deposited at substrate temperatures of $200^{\circ}C$ or above,the ferroelectric properties of the PZT thin film under the Pt electrode were severely degraded. Whereas those of the PZT film where the Pt electrodes were not deposited were not degraded. Water vapors which remained in the vacuum chamber were dissociated into hydrogen atoms by the catalysis of Pt top electrode, and those hydrogen atoms diffused into the PZT film and produced oxygen vacancies at high substrate temperature, resulting in the degradation of the ferroelectric properties of the PZT film located under the Pt electrode. Since the water vapors could not be dissociated into hydrogen atoms without the catalysis of Pt. the degradation of the PZT film did not take place where the Pt electrode were not deposited. The degraded feroelectric properties could be recovered by rapid thermal annealing (RTA) treatment. On the other hand. leakage current characteristics were improved with increasing the deposition temperature of Pt top electrodes.
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급성 경막외 출혈을 동반한 원발성 간세포암의 경막 및 두개골 전이 : 증례보고 A Case Report
이강운,정동섭,허필우,홍용길,나형균,강준기 대한신경외과학회 1996 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.25 No.8
Intracranial metastases of hepatocellular carcinoma have been rarely reported, even in the Orient and Africa where this carcinoma is one of the relatively common malignancies. Hepatocellular carcinomas usually spread to regional lymph nodes around the porta hepatis via lymphatics. But venous metastases of this carcinoma can occur via intrahepatic vein. The lungs are the most common distant metastatic sites followed by stomach, bones. and adrenals. Recently, we experienced a case of intracranial metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma associated with epidural hematoma. Although the epidural hematoma and the metastatic tumor mass were totally removed, the patient died of liver complications on the 9th day of postoperative care. The clinical and radiological details of this case are presented here with a brief review of the literature.
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