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인공지능을 활용한 정책의사결정에 관한 탐색적 연구: 문제구조화 유형으로 살펴 본 성공과 실패 사례 분석
은종환 ( Eun Jong-hwan ),황성수 ( Hwang Sung-soo ) 한국정보화진흥원 2020 정보화정책 Vol.27 No.4
머신러닝과 딥러닝 등 인공지능 기술의 급속한 발전은 행정-정책 분야에도 영향을 확대하고 있다. 이 논문은 데이터분석과 알고리즘의 발전으로 자동화된 구성과 운용을 설계하는 인공지능 시대의 정책의사결정에 관한 탐색적 연구이다. 이 연구의 의의는 정책의사결정에서의 주요 연구 중 하나인 정책 문제의 문제구조화를 기반으로 하여, 문제정의가 잘 구조화된 정도에 따른 유형으로 이론적 틀을 구성하여 성공과 실패 사례를 구분하고 분석해서 시사점을 도출하였다. 즉 문제구조화가 어려운 유형일수록 인공지능을 활용한 의사결정의 실패 혹은 부작용의 우려가 크다는 것이다. 또한 알고리즘의 중립성여부에 대한 우려도 제시하였다. 정책적 제언으로는 우리나라 인공지능 추진체계구축 시 기술적 측면과 사회적 측면의 전문가들이 전문적으로 역할을 하는 소위원회를 병렬적으로 두고 이 소위원회들이 종합적, 융합적으로도 작동할 수 있는 운영의 묘를 발휘하는 거버넌스 추진체계 구축이 필요함을 제시하고 있다. The rapid development of artificial intelligence technologies such as machine learning and deep learning is expanding its impact in the public administrative and public policy sphere. This paper is an exploratory study on policy decision-making in the age of artificial intelligence to design automated configuration and operation through data analysis and algorithm development. The theoretical framework was composed of the types of policy problems according to the degree of problem structuring, and the success and failure cases were classified and analyzed to derive implications. In other words, when the problem structuring is more difficult than others, the greater the possibility of failure or side effects of decision-making using artificial intelligence. Also, concerns about the neutrality of the algorithm were presented. As a policy suggestion, a subcommittee was proposed in which experts in technical and social aspects play a professional role in establishing the AI promotion system in Korea. Although the subcommittee works independently, it suggests that it is necessary to establish governance in which the results of activities can be synthesized and integrated.
법조계 전관예우에 대한 인식유형의 탐색: Q-Methodology를 중심으로
은종환 ( Jong Hwan Eun ),정광호 ( Kwang Ho Jung ) 서울대학교 한국행정연구소 2015 行政論叢 Vol.53 No.2
In spite of long discussion, systemic research does not exist into the perception of preferential legal treatment of former government officials. Most of the research that does exist is made up of case studies or follows a legal-based approach. From the view of a legal-based approach, preferential legal treatment of former government officials carries a lot of problems. On the other hand, however such preferential treatment would be a natural consequence from various non-legal perspectives. Previous studies have limited their analytical frame to only the legal perspective. Consequently, preferential treatment has been criticized in unfair terms. However, there have been no empirical studies from multiple non-legal perspectives. From another point of view, preferential legal treatment has a social function. This study explores multiple perspectives on preferential legal treatment of former judicial officials, and studies the phenomenon using the Q-methodology. As a result, there were found to be five distinct perceptions concerning preferential legal treatment of former judicial officials. The five perceptions are: ① the legal view, ② realism, ③ nepotism, ④ market-orientation view, ⑤ ethical view. This study finds the social-nepotism and market-orientation points of view as additional perspectives. The study proposed policy implications based on analyzing the ‘Law of Kim Youngnan’ and legislation against preferential legal treatment of former government officials.
시스템 다이내믹스 시뮬레이션 기법을 활용한 원전 안전문화 요소간 영향관계 분석
오영민 ( Young Min Oh ),김동환 ( Dong Hwan Kim ),정연백 ( Youn Baek Jeong ),은종환 ( Jong Hwan Eun ),정영재 ( Young Jae Jeong ) 한국시스템다이내믹스학회 2015 한국시스템다이내믹스 연구 Vol.16 No.4
This study analyses the inter-relationships between Safety Cultural Elements by System Dynamics approach. Base Frame for Safety Culture, which is originated from IAEA, NRC and INPO’s Safety Culture Documents, helps to elaborate the Causal Loop Diagram of Safety Culture in Nuclear Power Plant(NPP). Also, the simulation results show that ownership of employees is degraded continually and adherence of technical standards is violated because workloads of the employees cannot be minimized and stress and time pressure maintains a high level in NPP.
김용기(Kim Yong-Ki),이재영(Lee Jae-Young),이철규(Lee Cheul-Kyu),은종환(Eun Jong-Hwan) 한국철도학회 2007 한국철도학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.- No.-
An electric motor unit (EMU) is manufactured from a large number of components and parts which are made of extensive raw materials. In emits much environmental load throughout its entire life cycle, having both complicated and elaborated system and long period of life time. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the methodologies and tools to analyze the environmental performance of EMUs throughout their life cycle. RACE (Rail Assessment for Clean Environment) developed in this study is the software that can analyze the environmental impacts and eco-efficiency of EMUs, which are new concepts proposed for sustainable development. It has database for main components as well as principal materials contained in EMUs. Manufacturers and operators can use it to assess the life-cycle environmental impacts of EMU and support their decision making. RACE can also be used as a tool for environmental communication between manufacturers and operators.
김용기(Kim Yong-Ki),이재영(Lee Jae-Young),서민석(Seo Min-Seok),은종환(Eun Jong-Hwan) 한국철도학회 2006 한국철도학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.- No.-
As a global effort to conservate the environment, life cycle assessment(LCA) which considers the environmental impact through the life cycle of a product, from acquiring of resources to scrapping, has been actively applied. The LCA is a tool to calculate quantitatively the environmental impacts caused by products or services through their life cycles. Eco-efficiency need that express value of environmental impact provision EMU and develops in two forms according to use target of Eco-efficiency as a tool that environmental impact of EMU. It is a strategic instrument which assists stakeholders to understand which products, processes or services to target with future investments and which are not by comparing economic and ecological values. The results stand for aggregated information on economical value and environmental impact. Also, In this method, it is important to derive EPI(Environmental Performance Index) and SPI(Service Performance Index) from the sources available. The following is used as one of Eco-efficiency tools to achieve the target performance of processes, products and services for designer or projector. According to the eco-efficiency methodology for EMU developed in this study, the user definition and the DB design were carried out as a basic design of eco-efficiency S/W.
전동차 환경 전과정 평가(LCA)를 위한 소프트웨어 기본설계
김용기(Kim Yong-Ki),이재영(Lee Jae-Young),문경호(Moon Kyeong-Ho),목재균(Mok Jai-Kyun),은종환(Eun Jong-Hwan) 한국철도학회 2005 한국철도학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.- No.-
As a global effort to conservate the environment, life cycle assessment(LCA) which considers the environmental impact through the life cycle of a product, from acquiring of resources to scrapping, has been actively applied. The LCA is a tool to calculate quantitatively the environmental impacts caused by products or services through their life cycles. The list of numerous data should be analyzed, stored and conducted in order to assess the environmental impacts. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a software for LCA, which can perform the interpretation as well as the environment impact assessment to execute the analysis of such a large number of data effectively. At this time, for the existing some kinds of general LCA softwares, the information about all of input and output should be fed directly and the conclusion is deduced by linking to the database from the public authorized organizations. That makes it possible to evaluate the environmental grades accurately, but it is too slow and difficult for general users to operate and applied it into an electric motor unit(EMU). Therefore, in this research, the basic model was designed, which is based on construction of database structure of the software and organization of architecture, to develop an advanced software for EMU according to user and purpose of it by benchmarking of domestic and international softwares. The result of this study would be applied to develop the LCA software in the future.