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각종 요인이 물속의 Diastase 활성에 미치는 영향
윤복상,현호섭,백남원,Yoon, Bock-Sang,Hyun, Ho-Sup,Paik, Nam-Won 대한예방의학회 1974 Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Vol.7 No.1
Many factors exert an influence on enzyme activity and thus on the rate of reactions that they catalyse. The most important of these factors are pH, temperature, substrate concentration, and the concentration of some inhibitors present. A solution of the enzyme diastase, which breaks down molecules of the polysaccharide starch to the disaccharide maltose by hydrolysis, was provided. Activity of this enzyme was measured by the rate at which starch was removed from the reaction mixture. These experiments were designed to study this reaction rate under varying conditions and the following results were obtained. 1. The range of optimum pH for this enzyme at room temperature was 4.0-7.0 and the optimum pH was 5.0. 2. The range of optimum temperatures for this enzyme at pH 7.0 was $30^{\circ}C-50^{\circ}C$ and the optimum temperature was $40^{\circ}C$. 3. The relationship between the enzyme activity and substrate concentration could be expressed by the Michaelis-Menten equation. The limiting velocity of this enzyme at room temperature and pH 7.0 was $415{\mu}g$ starch removed/ml of reaction mixture/min and $K_m$, Michaelis constant, was $343{\mu}g/ml$. 4. Inhibitors NaCl and $HgCl_2$ blocked this enzyme activity completely at 1% and 0.01% respectively. 위생공학에서 하수나 공장폐수를 처리할 때 이용하는 생물학적 처리과정은 미생물에서 생성되는 효소에 의하여 이루어 진다. 본 연구에서는 diastase의 활성에 대하여 수소이온 농도, 온도, 기질 농도 및 방해물질 등 여러가지 요인이 미치는 영향을 실험적으로 관찰하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. (1) diastase의 활성도는 pH $4.0{\sim}7.0$의 범위가 적당하였고 최적치는 pH 5.0이었다. (2) diastase의 활성도는 $30^{\circ}C{\sim}50^{\circ}C$ 높았으며 최적온도는 $40^{\circ}C$였다. (3) 기질농도의 영향을 보면 녹말농도 $750{\mu}g/ml$까지는 diastase의 활성도가 급격히 증가하였고, 그 이후에는 한정속도를 나타냈다. Michaelis 방정식을 적용시켜 보면 한정속도는 $415{\mu}g/ml$ starch removed/ml of reaction mixture/min였고 Michaelis 상수는 $340{\mu}g/ml$였다. (4) 방해물질의 영향을 보면 NaCl 농도 1.0%, $HgCl_2$ 농도 0.001%에서 diastase의 활성은 완전히 억제되었다.
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윤복상,김걸 한국도시지리학회 2022 한국도시지리학회지 Vol.25 No.3
The super-aged society and the demographic cliff have become a reality due to the deepening of the low birth rate and aging problem. In particular, the deepening of this phenomenon occurs mainly in nonmetropolitan areas and agricultural and fishing villages at the eup and myeon scales, showing a regional distribution of population imbalance. Chungcheongbuk-do was set as a study area in that it is a non-metropolitan area and has a high proportion of agricultural villages by eup and myeon scales. The purpose of this study is to compare the extinction risk index by eup, myeon, and dong scales in Chungchungbuk-do to examine the regional decline in time series and to understand the actual decline status of the region. To this end, time series comparison was performed by calculating the extinction risk index of Chungcheongbuk-do by eup, myeon, and dong scales in 1990, 2000, 2010, and 2020. In addition, through interviews and field surveys, opinions of the people living or working in the area actually were heard, and physical landscapes that could show the region’s backwardness, such as empty houses and closed stores, were actually identified. This study will be the basis for a study to understand the regional gap in population decline through analysis of the distribution of extinction risks and actual conditions developed on the eup, myeon, and dong scales. 저출산 및 고령화의 심화로 초고령 사회와 인구 절벽이 현실화되었다. 이는 특히 비수도권과 읍·면 단위의농·산·어촌을 중심으로 발생하여 지역별로 인구가 불균형하게 분포하는 원인이 되었다. 충청북도는 비수도권이며읍·면 단위의 농·산촌 비율이 높다는 점에서 연구 지역으로 설정하였다. 이 연구의 목적은 충청북도의 읍·면·동별소멸위험지수를 시계열적으로 비교하고, 소멸 위험이 높은 지역의 쇠퇴 실태를 고찰하는 데 있다. 이를 위해 1990년, 2000년, 2010년, 2020년의 충청북도의 읍·면·동별 소멸위험지수를 산출하였고, 단계구분도로 시각화를 통해 시계열적 비교를 수행하였다. 또한 면담 및 현장 조사를 통해 실제 지역에 거주하거나 근무하는 사람들의 의견을 청취하였고, 빈집과 폐점포 등 지역의 낙후도를 보여줄 수 있는 물리적 경관을 조사하였다. 이 연구는 읍·면·동 스케일에서 전개되는 소멸위험의 분포와 실태 분석을 통해 인구 감소의 지역 격차를 이해하는 연구의 기초가 될 것이다.
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백남원,윤복상,정규철,Paik, Nam-Won,Yoon, Bock-Sang,Chung, Kyou-Chull 대한예방의학회 1974 예방의학회지 Vol.7 No.2
Determination of lead in urine is important in industrial hygiene and toxicology. Dithizone method has been principally used for the determination of lead in urine, which gives accurate results in skilful hands but is usually complex and time-consuming. Atomic absorption spectrophotometry is a new simple method and several procedures have been described. However, the influences of pH and the presence of chelating agents during treatment of lead poisoning are not clear. The purpose of this study was to find out the effect of pH and chelating agents on the determination of lead using Shimadzu atomic absorption/flame spectrophotometer, model AA-610. The results obtained were as follows: 1. The atomic absorption spectrophotometry(AAS) could be applied without prior acid digestion to specimens in the absence of chelating agents. The absorbance at $2,170\;{\AA}$, though more sensitive, was more noisy electronically. Therefore, we selected the wavelength of $2,833\;{\AA}$ plus scale expansion. 2. The optimal pH was in the range from 2 to 3. 3. The sensitivity was $0.075{\mu}g/ml/%$ and detection limit was about $0.2{\mu}g/ml$. 4. In the presence of EDTA, lead could not be completely determined without prior acid digestion. 5. On specimens from patients receiving penicillamine therapy, a comparison was made between the values obtained with dithizone method and AAS method with prior acid digestion. The results of comparison showed a very good agreement.
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김대섭,정규철,백남원,윤복상,조규상 가톨릭대학산업의학센타 산업의학연구소 1974 韓國의 産業醫學 Vol.13 No.4
For a relatively pure water, the chlorine demand may be defined as the quantity of chlorine required to leave a specified residual after a specified contact time. It is usual to specify a free chlorine residual of 0.1-0.2mg/l after a contact of 30-60 minutes. This simple definition is likely to prove unsatisfactory for a more polluted water, In this case the only satisfactory approach is to plot the curve of total residual against dose from zero to beyond the breakpoint. The contact period should be 60 minutes, and the chlorine demand may be defined as the dose required to give at least 0.1mg/l free chlorine residual at or just beyond the breakpoint. The purposes of this experiment were: (1) to plot the residual-dose curve for a polluted water and to specify the chlorine demand, and (2) to introduce a more modern method for the determination of free and combined available chlorine in water using diethyl-p-pheny lenediamine(DPD). The following results were obtained: (1) The DPD method could be carried out by titration method and showed sharper free and combined differentiation than the ortho-tolidine method. (2) The initial pH values were in the range of 5.5-5.9 and, therefore, HOCl was assumed to predominate. The final pH values were in the range of 5.6-7.4 and OCl- was assumed to increase. (3) The breakpoint occurred at 20mg/l chlorine dose and the Cl-N ratio at this dose was 10. The monochloramine and dichloramine were produced until breakpoint, and dichloramine increased according to the increased Cl-N ratio. After breakpoint, the trichloramine and free chlorine increased. (4) The chlorine demand calculated was 16.7mg/l.
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