http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
가스크로마토그라피 분석을 통한 $\alpha$-브로모-$\omega$ -플루오로알칸의 효율적 합성
유국현,Yu, Kook Hyun 대한화학회 1995 대한화학회지 Vol.39 No.5
디브로모알칸, AgF 및 tetrabutylammoniumbromide(TBABr)를 acetonitrile 용매하에서 $82^{\circ}C$에서 20분간 반응시켜 19~55%의 수율로 $\alpha$-브로모-$\omega$-플르오르알칸을 합성하였다. 반응 조건은 가스 크로마토그라피를 이용하여 조절하였으며, 반응 생성물인 $\alpha$-브로모-$\omega$-플르오르알칸, 디플르오로알칸, 플르오로알켄 및 브로모알켄을 1^H$ NMR 및 $19^F$ NMR로 확인하였다. $\alpha$-Bromo-$\omega$-fluoroalkanes are synthesized in 19∼55% yields from the reactions of dibromoalkanes with AgF and TBABr in acetonitrile at $82^{\circ}C$ for 20 minutes. The reaction is monitored with gas-chromatography. 1^H$ NMR and $19^F$ NMR-Spectrometer are used for identification of $\alpha$-Bromo-$\omega$-fluoroalkanes, difluoroalkane, fluoroalken and bromoalkene.
양전자단층촬영에 이용 가능한 새로운 심근 혈류 추적자 개발 ; F-18이 표지된 유기암모늄의 합성과 체내분포에 관한 연구
유국현 ( Kook Hyun Yu ) 대한핵의학회 1994 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.28 No.3
In order to develop a F labelled myocardial perfusion agent(flow tracer) for PET, F- labelled organic ammonium cations were synthesized and evaluated in relation to their biodistri.bution. Five quaternary organic ammonium compounds were iabelled with F in a side chain with moderate to good yields by direct introduction of F fluoride. Radiochemical yields have been achieved in 30 40min by the precursors(tosylates) in dimethylsulfoxide 15 60% (decay corrected). The reaction was found to be autocatalyzed. A remote controlle proeedure was developed in these synthesis. 99mF Labelling and HPLC purification of compounds needed about 60 min(Yield: 7 20% ). Up to now the two compounds N 4 [15F]fluorobutyl pyridinium cation(1) and N, N dibenzyl 4(2 [15F]fluoroethyl)piperidinium cation(2) were investigated in relation to their biodis(ribution in mice. Compound 1 showed at 1 min post injection the high upt.ake of 19,22% ID/g organ in the myocardium but a following fast decline to 1.12% ID/g organ after 40min. Uptake of compound 2 was after 1min in the heart 5.90% ID/g organ but after 40min at the relative high value of 4.33% ID/g organ. Heart:blood ratio for compound(1) at 1 min was 8.3, at 40 min 2.6 for compound II 2.0(lmin> and 15,0(40 min). As data of compound 2 showed greater heart uptake, slower myocardial release, and higher heart:blood ratios, compound 2 is a good candidate for further evaluation.
PET영상용 미토콘드리아 막전위 감지기 (4-[18F]Fluorophenyl)triphenylphosphonium의 합성
김동연 ( Dong Yeon Kim ),유국현 ( Kook Hyun Yu ),범희승 ( Hee Seung Bom ),민정준 ( Jung Joon Min ) 대한핵의학회 2007 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.41 No.6
목적: Tetraphenylphosphonium (TPP) salts를 비롯한 지용성 양이온들은 혈장 및 미토콘드리아막을 쉽게 통과할 수 있을 뿐 아니라 미토콘드리아 내의 음 전압에 이끌려 미토콘드리아의 내부에 직접적으로 섭취된다. 또한 tetraphenylphosphonium (TPP) salts는 암세포에 직접적으로 섭취될 뿐 아니라 미토콘드리아의 활동이 활발한 심근에서도 직접적 섭취가 일어나는 것으로 보고되어 있다. 따라서 이러한 특징을 가지는 tetraphenylphosphonium (TPP) salts에 [18F]fluoride를 표지 할 수 있다면 암의 진단 및 미토콘드리아의 기능에 대해 연구 할 수 있는 새로운 분자 영상 추적자로써 사용할 수 있을 것이다. 대상 및 방법: 기준 물질인 (4-fluorophenyl)triphenylphosphonium (TPP)을 단일 반응으로 합성 하였으며, [18F]이 표지된 [18F]TPP는 무담체 [18F]fluoride와 전구체인 4-iodophenyltrimethylammonium iodide를 이용하여 Kryptofix- 2.2.2와 K2CO3존재 하에 두 단계의 반응으로 합성하였다. 결과: 기준물질인 (4-fluorophenyl) triphenylphosphonium (TPP)은 60%의 수율로 합성 되었으며, 표지 화합물인 [18F]TPP의 방사 화학적 수율은 10-15%였다. 또한 radio TLC로 확인한 방사 화학적 순도는 95.57±0.51% (n=11)이었다. 결론: 미토콘드리아의 막전위 차를 이용한 암 또는 심근 영상제제인 (4-[18F]fluorophenyl) triphenylphosphonium의 합성에 성공하였다. 하지만 전임상, 임상에의 응용을 위해서는 방사화학적 수율을 더 개선시켜야 할 것이다. Purpose: Lipophilic cations including tetraphenylphosphonium (TPP) salts penetrate the hydrophobic barriers of the plasma and mitochondrial membranes, resulting in accumulation in mitochondria in response to the negative inner transmembrane potentials. The development of radiolabeled phosphonium cations as a noninvasive imaging agent may serve as a new molecular voltage sensor probe to investigate the role of mitochondria in the pathophysiology and diagnosis of cancer. Materials and Methods: We have synthesized a reference compound (4-fluorophenyl)triphenylphosphonium (TPP) and a labeled compound [18F]TPP via two step nucleophilic substitution of no-carrier-added [18F]fluoride with the precursor, 4-iodophenyltrimethylammonium iodide, in the presence of Kryptofix-2.2.2 and K2CO3. Result: The reference compound (4-fluorophenyl)triphenylphosphonium (TPP) was synthesized in 60% yield. The radiolabeled compound [18F]TPP was synthesized in 10~15% yield. The radiochemical purity of the [18F]TPP was 95.57±0.51% (n=11). Conclusion: [18F]TPP was successfully synthesized that might have a potential to be utilized as a novel myocardial or cancer imaging agent for PET. However, it is required to improve the radiochemical yield to apply [18F]TPP in preclinical or clinical researches. (Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2007;41(6):561-565)
김범구(Bum Goo Kim),조현태(Hyun Tae Cho),이인자(In Ja Lee),유국현(Kook Hyun Yu),진의(Eui Jin),김영순(Young Soon Kim) 한국화상학회 2000 한국화상학회지 Vol.6 No.1
Photoexcitation mechanism of tellurium dioxide thin film, which absorb shorter wavelength of UV(286~300nm) compare to zinc oxide (386nm), was investigated using a charge generation material (phthalocyanine) and charge transport material (hydrazone) in visible range. The excited state of TeO_2 thin film was observed by micro surface potential meter. The metal oxide thin films were prepared by spray pyrolysis methodology and were identified by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis. The transparent metal oxide thin films were prepared at 450 ~ 500℃and their photoconductivities were determined using photocurrent measurements. From the surface photovoltage and photo-induced discharge curve of the TeO_2 film, it was concluded that the TeO_2 system can be used as the substrate of the electrophotography same as ZnO or TiO_2.