FTA下中国贸易便利化制度安排

王俊,蒋旦悦 전북대학교 동북아법연구소 2018 동북아법연구 Vol.12 No.1

With the rapid development of economic integration, the increasing number of multilateral agreements and regional agreements, the scale of trade between economies has been expanded. Barriers and obstacles to trade activities among economies have received further attention, and trade facilitation has become the current international trade point. In order to meet the objective requirements and inevitable choices of the new trend of economic globalization, China has accelerated the implementation of the free trade zone strategy. At present, China has signed 16 Free Trade Agreements involving 24 countries and regions. This paper examines the terms of trade facilitation on trade facilitation mainly from a broad perspective which including a number of relevant provisions. We think that the characteristics of China's trade facilitation under the FTA mainly include: the increase in terms and scope of trade facilitation in the FTA; the content of trade facilitation in different FTAs is different; the contribution of trade facilitation measures in FTAs is obvious. At present, the trade facilitation measures on transparency in the FTA signed by China are relatively complete, trade facilitation measures on fees and procedures need to be improved, and trade facilitation measures on transportation are lacking. Compared with the EU, China’s trade facilitation system under the FTA is lacking in customs-related cooperation, information exchange and facilitation, pre-shipment inspection, customs agents, authorization. China is similar to the EU when it stipulates related provisions, and most of them stipulate one or more objectives in non-mandatory terms. Both of them are lack of specific, objective and accurate metrics. Tt is found that the wording of different agreements signed by various countries and the United States is similar. In comparison with the United States, China signs trade agreements with different countries or regions by different words. Tthe agreements signed by the United States are more detailed than the ones signed by China, and the level of commitments is higher. The United States and China have differences in the subject of trade facilitation rules. The United States attaches particular importance to the issue of trade security, while China pays more attention to the development of trade facilitation itself. In order to improve the level of China's trade facilitation under the FTA, we should further improve the institutional design of trade facilitation and continuously refine the rules and requirements for trade facilitation system. We need to strengthen the setting of terms and conditions regarding technical assistance and capacity building, and set special and differential treatment. According to the actual conditions of the parties to the agreement, we should develop better and more specific obligations and rights. At the same time, we can increase regulatory regulations to strengthen the system binding force and the cooperation between customs and supervision in different countries. In the future, we need to balance the trade facilitation and the trade security

중국 전통 문양 요소의 모바일 게임 UI에서의 응용

왕준,유석호,Wang, Jun,Ryu, Seuc Ho 한국디지털정책학회 2021 디지털융복합연구 Vol.19 No.4

중국 전통 문양은 독특한 예술적 특성과 실용적 가치를 지닌 특이하고 매력적인 시각적 기호로 활용될 수 있다. 모바일 게임 UI 디자인에서 중국 전통 문양은 인터페이스 디자인에 중요한 의미와 가치를 지닌다. 본 연구는 중국 전통 문양의 기본요소를 추출해 모바일 게임 UI의 디자인에 적용하고, 휴대전화 UI의 디자인에 전통 문양의 보다 편리한 활용 등을 목적으로 하고 있다.중국 전통문양에 대한 문헌 분석과 휴대전화 UI 사례를 분석해 모바일 게임 UI에서 중국 전통문양 원소의 디자인 원칙과 디자인 방법을 정리했다.모바일 게임 UI의 전통적인 문양요소를 디자인하기 위한 디자인 참고와 방향성을 제공한다. Traditional Chinese patterns are known for their unusual and attractive visual symbols with unique artistic characteristics and practical values.In mobile game UI design, traditional Chinese pattern has important meaning and value in interface design.The research aims to extract elements of traditional Chinese patterns and apply them to the design of mobile game UI, and better fuse traditional patterns into the design of mobile phone UI.Through literature analysis on traditional Chinese patterns and mobile UI interface case analysis, we learned the design principles and design methods of traditional Chinese pattern elements in mobile game UI.

심방근세포 탈분극 시 전단 자극에 의한 Ca2+ 시그널링 증폭능의 변화

왕준, 우선희 충남대학교 약학대학 의약품개발연구소 2021 藥學論文集 Vol.36 No.-

Contraction of cardiac myocytes is induced by Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release process. In the peripheral junctions of plasma membrane and sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) membrane of atrial myocytes lacking transverse tubules, small Ca2+ influx via voltage-dependent gating of L-type Ca2+ channels trig- gers much larger amount of Ca2+ release from the SR. In this study we investigated whether shear stress affects such Ca2+ signaling gain function in adult rat atrial myocytes. Intracellular Ca2+ signals and L-type Ca2+ current (ICa) were simultaneously measured in single cells using ultra rapid confocal Ca2+ imaging and whole-cell patch clamp technique, respectively. We found that ICa was significantly reduced by shear stress (∽11 dyn/cm2) at both -30 mV and 0 mV. The ICa-induced Ca2+ releases were generally higher in the periphery than the center. ICa-induced Ca2+ releases in the periphery and center were not altered by shear stress at 0 mV. However, they were increased at -30 mV. The Ca2+ signaling gain representing the efficacy of Ca2+ release at a given ICa was significantly increased by shear stress at -30 mV and 0 mV with much higher augmentation at -30 mV. Our data suggest that shear stress may en- hance a cross-talk between the Ca2+ channels and ryanodine receptors in atrial myocytes on membrane depolarizations.

전단자극 시 나트륨-칼슐 교환체 활성에 의한 횡방향 심방 근세포 Ca2+ 웨이브의 발생

김준철, 왕준, 손민정, 김경희, 우선희 충남대학교 약학대학 의약품개발연구소 2017 藥學論文集 Vol.32 No.-

In the present study, we investigated possible mechanism for the triggered global CaH wave from local Ca2+ wave in atrial myocytes under shear stress. Shear stress was applied onto single cells isolated from rat atria and two-dimensional confocal Ca2+ imaging was performed to measure Ca2+ signal. Shear stress of 16 dyn/cm2 induced local Ca2+ wave, which was followed by a rapid transverse global Ca2+ wave inhibition of Na + -ci+ exchange using KB-R7943 suppressed the occurrence of rapid transverse wave ob served under shear stress, but not the shear-induced local wave. in the presence of this chemical local wave was developed to global wave under shear stress which results in slower time to peak of peripheral and central CaH transients. As the preceding local Ca"+ wave signal was higher, the latency of the occurrence of transverse global wave was shorter, suggesting Ca2+ dependence of transverse Ca2+ wave. The results sug-gest that shear stress may activate Na+ -Ca2+ exchange via local CaZ+ wave, triggering the rapid global Ca2+ wave

발효 양파에 의한 항산화능 및 면역활성과 고지방식이를 급여한 흰 쥐의 콜레스테롤 합성 억제 효과

박명수, 오덕환, 왕준, 박중현, 사동민 忠北大學校 農業科學硏究所 2011 農業科學硏究 Vol.27 No.3

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양파에서 분리 및 동정한 미생물들의 발효특성 비교

박명수, 오덕환, 왕준, 박중현, 사동민 忠北大學校 農業科學硏究所 2011 農業科學硏究 Vol.27 No.3

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Characteristics Comparison of Motion Controllers through Experiments

정승현,왕준,한창욱,박정일,Jung, Seung-Hyun,Wang, Jun,Han, Chang-Wook,Park, Jung-Il Institute of Control 2008 제어·로봇·시스템학회 논문지 Vol.14 No.11

Through the motion control experiment using Industrial Emulator(Model 220 by ECP), the performance comparison of three kinds of controllers such as PID, RIC and LQR was carried out. It was shown that RIC has the best performance in the presence of disturbances such as step one, sinusoidal one and Coulomb friction for the rigid body. LQR using feedback state variables has the best tracking performance far the flexible body. The performance of PID controller is low compared to other controllers, but the design process is simple. The most advanced controller is LQR. In order to attenuate disturbance, an additional state observer should be used to estimate it, making more complex control system. RIC lies between PID and LQR in view of complexity of design. Even though RIC is not complicated, it has good disturbance rejection ability and less tracking error. By considering these aspects, the RIC is suggested as high precision controller to be used in motion control system.

Regulation of cardiac Ca2+ and ion channels by shear mechanotransduction

김준철,손민정,왕준,우선희 대한약학회 2017 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.40 No.7

Cardiac contraction is controlled by a Ca2+ signaling sequence that includes L-type Ca2+ current-gated opening of Ca2+ release channels (ryanodine receptors) in the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR). Local Ca2+ signaling in the atrium differs from that in the ventricle because atrial myocytes lack transverse tubules and have more abundant corbular SR. Myocardium is subjected to a variety of forces with each contraction, such as stretch, shear stress, and afterload, and adapts to those mechanical stresses. These mechanical stimuli increase in heart failure, hypertension, and valvular heart diseases that are clinically implicated in atrial fibrillation and stroke. In the present review, we describe distinct responses of atrial and ventricular myocytes to shear stress and compare them with other mechanical responses in the context of local and global Ca2+ signaling and ion channel regulation. Recent evidence suggests that shear mechanotransduction in cardiac myocytes involves activation of gap junction hemichannels, purinergic signaling, and generation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species. Significant alterations in Ca2+ signaling and ionic currents by shear stress may be implicated in the pathogenesis of cardiac arrhythmia and failure.

새로운 컬러 이미지 압축을 위한 Hybrid BTC(Block Truncation Coding) 알고리즘

고인성(In-sung Ko),왕준(Wang Jun),안상우,정정화(Jung-wha Chong) 대한전자공학회 2010 대한전자공학회 학술대회 Vol.2010 No.6

The authors propose a novel hybrid block truncation coding for color image compression in this paper. To improve the compression ratio of the basic BTC the proposed algorithm uses only luminance bit-map to represent the texture information of the coding block. To further compress the two representative levels an efficient previous proposed algorithm, adaptive quantization coding, is employed, moreover. Experimental results show that the proposed method provides good subject visual quality as well as the BTC does, and significantly improves the compression ratio of BTC from 2.88:1 to 6.00:1 at the limited performance losing of 0.66dB in PSNR.

전단 자극 시 심방근세포 간극접합 채널 활성화에 의한 P2 퓨린수용체-매개 비선택성 양이온 전류의 발생

손민정,김준철,브지바부 치디피,왕준,김경희,우선희 충남대학교 약학대학 의약품개발연구소 2016 藥學論文集 Vol.31 No.-

Atrial myocytes are subjected to shear stress under physiological and pathological conditions during cardiac cycle. We recently reported that gap junction hemichannels play a role in the generation of Ca2+ wave in atrial cells under shear stress. In the present study, we examined whether ionic current is generated by the activation of gap junction hemichannels in rat atrial myocytes under shear stress using whole-cell patch clamp method combined with a pressurized microflow system. Shear stress of ~16 dyne/cm2 (1-s long) produced a slow inward current (ISS) at –70 mV in symmetrical CsCl-rich solutions.Removal of external Ca2+ to enhance hemichannel opening increased this shear-activated current by approximately 140%. In addition, the ISS was almost completely inhibited by the hemichannel blockers carbenoxolone (50 μM) or La3+ (2 mM). We next tested whether P2 purinoceptors activated by ATP released via hemichannels contribute to ISS cells using P2-purinoceptor antagonist suramin. Pre-treatment of suramin (10 μM) suppressed ISS to ~28% of control. When the delayed rectifying K+ channels, that have slight permeability to Cs+, were blocked using 4-aminopyridine (200 μM), ISS was not altered. Our data suggest that shear stress may activate gap-junction hemichannels, resulting in ATP release with subsequent P2 purinoceptor-mediated nonselective cation current in atrial myocytes.