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염효영,김순례,Yoem, Hyo-Young,Kim, Soon-Lae 한국지역사회간호학회 1999 지역사회간호학회지 Vol.10 No.1
The purpose of this study was to survey appropriateness of admission and days of care for the cerebral ischemia patients as a basis to provide an effectiveness of hospitalization. The authors retrospectively reviewed the medical records of cerebral ischemia patients in two hospitals from November 1997 to February 1998. Of 194 medical records reviewed, there were 2108 medical days. I t is used a 'Appropriateness Evaluation Protocol' previously developed by Gertman and Restuccia (1981) and translated by Department of Health Management, Seoul National University and Korea Institute for Health Services Management (1993), It was found that the 'Appropriateness Evaluation Protocol' had a high inter-rater reliability(k=.92), Statistical significant was tested by using the percentage, mean, and logistic regression by SAS 6.12. The results were as follows; 1. The appropriate admissions were 87.6%, days of care 63.4%, and the average length of stay $10.9{\pm}6.7$ days. 2. The reasons of inappropriate admissions were for work-up(75.0%) and conservative care (25.0%). Major reasons of inappropriate days of care were 'cases in which the medical purpose of hospitalization has been accomplish or can be addressed in a less setting(45.0%)', and 'cases in which there is a delay in performing the work-up or treatment which required patients is hospitalized (44.4%)'. 3. Appropriate days of care were higher as ageing. Appropriate days of care were higher in patients with lower accademic back ground than those of upper college graduates, and in the patients who enter a hospital via emergency room than out-patients department. Appropriate days of care were higher in the patient with MCA infarction, and lower in the patient with cerebellar infarction than the patient with lacunar infarction. Appropriate days of care were higher in attack first than attack above second, in nomortension patients than hypertensive, and lower in groups who engaged in semi-private room and public room than private room in hospital. Appropriate days of care were higher in shorter length of stay than longer length of stay. 4. Diagnosis, admission path, and appropriate days of care explained appropriate admissions. Diagnosis, appropriate admissions, hypertension explained appropriate days of care. According to the above results, author confirms the substantial amount of inappropriate hospital bed utilization. To reduce inappropriateness, it is necessary to develop some alternative services such as home care services or nursing home with which can be replaced inpatient services and to introduce policy such as case management which includes Critical Pathway for consistent management. And, it should be followed the further study for the effectiveness.
X-Ray Triple Crystal Diffraction Spectrometer의 제작과 그 응용
박영한,염효영,윤형근,민석기,박용주,Park Young-Han,Yeom Byo-Young,Yoon Hyng-Guen,Min Suk-ki,Park Young Joo 한국결정학회 1997 韓國結晶學會誌 Vol.8 No.1
고분해도의 X-선 산란을 위해 두 실험 방법이 개발됐다. 그 방법들은 (1) 2-결정 회절 스펙트로메터 (DCD)설치와 (2) 3-결정 회절 스펙트로메터 (TCD) 설치였다. Si(511)-시료(hkl)의 DCD배열로 Si(333), Si(004), GaAs(004)의 rocking curve를 그렸다. 또한 단일체 단색 평행기와 $K_{\alpha1}$ 선택기를 포함하는 Si(111)-Si(111)-Si(511)-sample(hkl)의 TCD배열로 Si(333), Si(004) 그리고 GaAs(004)의 rocking curve를 그렸다. DCD와 TCD에 의한 rocking curve의 FWHM의 차이가 논의됐다. DCD에 의한 $In_{0.037}Ga_{0.0963}As/GaAs$의 (004) 및 (115) 반사 토포그라프가 행해졌다. Two experimental methods have been developed for high resolution measurement of x-ray scattering. The methods used were (1) an x-ray double crystal diffraction (DCD) spectrometer set-up and (2) an x-ray triple crystal diffraction (TCD) spectrometer set-up. With the DCD arrangement of Si(511)-sample(hkl), rocking curves have been plotted for Si (333), Si(004) and GaAs(004). Also, with the TCD arrangement of Si(111)-Si(111)-Si(511)-sample(hkl) including monolithic monocro-collimator and $K_{\alpha1}$ selector, rocking curves have been plotted for Si(333), Si(004) and GaAs(004). The results of FWHM by DCD and TCD set-up have been compared each other and discussed. The reflection topographs (004) and (115) in an $In_{0.037}Ga_{0.0963}As/GaAs$ sample have been obtained by DCD set-up.
Electron Magnetic Resonance Study of Mn-doped Quantum Dot CsPbBr3 Inside a Phosphate Glass Matrix
염태호,염효영,Pabitra Aryal 한국물리학회 2021 새물리 Vol.71 No.10
Mn2+ ion-doped perovskite CsPbBr3 quantum dots embedded in glass were synthesized by using the melt-quenching technique. An X- band electron magnetic resonance (EMR) spectrometry, showed two sets of Mn2+ EMR spectra in the CsPbBr3 quantum dots at room temperature: One originating from isolated Mn2+ ions and the other set from Mn2+ clusters. As the Mn concentration was increased, the concentration of isolated Mn2+ ions decreased, whereas the concentration of Mn2+ clusters increased. The spectroscopic splitting parameter (g = 2.011) and the hyperfine constant (A = 9.66 mT) were determined using the effective spin Hamiltonian. The Mn2+ ion resides at Pb2+ instead of Cs+ in CsPbBr3 QDs and/or in the fabricated CsPbBr3 glass. If the Mn2+ ion substitute for Pb2+ in the CsPbBr3 QDs, the local site symmetry of the Mn2+ ion is cubic.