A Study on Characteristics of Dimensional Accuracy using Planning Number of Machining in Machining Center

Yong-Mo Yang(양용모) 한국기계가공학회 2018 한국기계가공학회지 Vol.17 No.6

The face milling cutter, which is mainly used for the face milling, is used to cut the Carbon steel(SM20C) in the machining center for 5 times and 10 times respectively. This study clarify the dimensional accuracy characteristics according to the number of fine machining varied the condition of cutting depth, table feed speed and spindle speed. Cutting depth is varied 0.05~0.2mm, table feed speed is varied 0.05~0.2mm/min and spindle speed is varied 1500~2500rpm. As a result, the dimensional accuracy was stable 6 times machining with table feed speed 150mm/min and 10 times machining with table speed 100mm/min and cutting depth 0.05mm regardless times of machining.

프로엔드밀 절삭가공에서 절삭횟수가 표면거칠기에 미치는 영향

양용모(Yong-Mo Yang) 산업기술교육훈련학회 2010 산업기술연구논문지 (JITR) Vol.15 No.3

A Pro endmill has a smaller diameter in a cutter than a face milling cutter, which is prone to be affected by centrifugal force, which means that this condition can reduce vibration on cutting machine, so a pro endmill is utilized so well in the field of a high speed and precision machine tool. Thus, the study, when a pro endmill is used in a machining center, is aimed at considering effect on surface condition done by the change of cutting frequency in pro endmill cutting from 0.05 to 0.2mm, a feed rate from 100 to 200mm per minute and a spindle speed from 1500 to 2500rpm in carbon steel.

쾌삭황동의 CNC 선삭가공에서의 절삭특성에 관한 연구

양용모(Yong-Mo Yang),김찬영(Chan-Young Kim),박종배(Jong-Bae Park),이순관(Soon-Kwan Lee),김경환(Gyung-Hwan Kim),한규택(Kyu-Tae Han) 산업기술교육훈련학회 2008 산업기술연구논문지 (JITR) Vol.13 No.1

In this study, the surface roughness characteristics of MBsBE were investigated according to cutting conditions. The surface characteristics of machined surface are usually investigated at various cutting conditions such as cutting speed, feed rate, cutting depth of workpiece. Experiments were conducted in a CNC lathe and the surface roughness of workpiece for dry and wet cutting were estimated. Machining was performed with cutting speed of 150, 160, 170 and 180m/min, feed rate of 0.05, 0.1, 0.15 and 0.2mm/rev. and cutting depth of 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4mm respectively. As a method of evaluation, surface roughness was measured for each cutting

페이스 커터를 이용한 평면가공 시 가공조건에 따른 표면거칠기 특성에 관한 연구

양용모(Yong-Mo Yang) 산업기술교육훈련학회 2013 산업기술연구논문지 (JITR) Vol.18 No.4

A Finish cutting of MCT manufactures repeatedly until the limitation of tools, taking into account demanding quality and raw-material price reduction. A Finish which is done at the end of final processing influences a surface quality so it needs to manage a surface quality and utilize tools on the condition of cutting. Therefore, this thesis, in the processing with MCT, will examine Surface Roughness Characteristics according to Machining Conditions using the Face Cutter between 5 times and 15 times, in the different depth of cutting condition among 0.05, 0.1 and 0.15mm, in the different table feed rate among 100, 170 and 200m/min, and in the different spindle speed among 1500, 2000 and 2500rpm.

폴리우레탄 발포기 부품 이종재 마찰용접의 품질 평가에 관한 연구

양용모(Yong-Mo Yang) 한국기계가공학회 2012 한국기계가공학회지 Vol.11 No.6

Dissimilar material friction welding such as STD11 and SCM440, we are considering of such things as strength and tenacity of welding interface, which consist of friction welding rotation frequency, friction heating pressure, upset forging-pressure, friction heating time, and upset forging-pressure time. From the study, obtaining the interrelationship between welding condition and quality(toughness, tenacity), we can set the best range of welding condition. while performing acoustic emission examination for the nondestructive evaluation, we can deduce the interrelationship among total acoustic emission counts, friction welding variable, and quality during friction welding, which can solve the manufacturing difficulty and enhance the economic value.

전뇌 방사선치료 시 Optimold에 따른 수정체의 흡수선량 평가

양용모,박병석,안종호,송기원,Yang, Yong Mo,Park, Byoung Suk,Ahn, Jong Ho,Song, Ki Won 대한방사선치료학회 2014 대한방사선치료학회지 Vol.26 No.1

목 적 : 현재 전뇌 방사선 치료 시 두부의 고정을 위하여 Optimold가 사용되고 있다. 하지만 Optimold로 인한 산란선에 의해 피부선량이 약 22% 증가하게 된다. 백내장을 일으키는 최소선량이 2 Gy 이므로 특히 수정체에서는 영향이 크다고 볼 수 있다. 이에 전뇌 방사선 치료 시 Optimold 안구 부분의 유무에 따른 수정체에 흡수되는 선량을 비교평가 하고자 한다. 대상 및 방법 : 안구 부분의 Optimold의 유무에 따른 수정체에 흡수되는 선량을 비교평가 하고자 인체모형팬텀(Anderson Rando Phantom, USA)의 수정체 부분에 5mm bolus를 올려 Optimold mask를 만들었다. 모의치료 시 수정체의 선량측정을 위해 bolus 밑에 GAFCHROMIC EBT3 film을 위치시켜 모의치료를 진행하고 전산화치료계획시스템(Pinnacle, PHILIPS, USA)을 통해 치료계획을 수립한 후 치료도 동일하게 진행하여 3회 반복측정 하였다. 안구 부분의 Optimold mask를 제거하고 위와 동일한 방법으로 측정하였다. 디지털 평판 스캐너(Expression 10000XL, EPSON, USA)를 이용하여 film을 스캔한 후 선량을 측정하여 안구 부분의 Optimold mask의 유무에 따른 선량을 비교평가 하였다. 결 과 : 안구 부분의 Optimold mask가 있을 때 모의치료 시 $10.2cGy{\pm}1.5$, 치료 시 $24.8cGy{\pm}2.7$, 안구 부분의 Optimold mask를 제거하였을 때 모의치료 시 $12.9cGy{\pm}2.2$, 치료 시 $17.6cGy{\pm}1.5$로 측정 되었다. 결 론 : 안구 부분의 Optimold mask를 제거하였을 경우 제거하지 않았을 경우에 비하여 모의치료 시 약 3 cGy의 선량이 증가하였고 치료 시 약 7 cGy의 선량이 감소하였다. 전 치료과정 중 수정체의 흡수선량이 약 27%감소되어 방사선감수성이 높은 수정체에 흡수되는 선량이 줄어 백내장을 일으킬 확률과 부작용을 감소시킬 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. Purpose : In the current whole brain Radiation Therapy, Optimold was used to immobilize the head. However, skin dose was increased about 22% due to the scattering radiation by the Optimold. Since the minimum dose causing cataracts was 2 Gy, it could be seen that the effects were large especially on the lens. Therefore, in the whole brain Radiation Therapy, it was to compare and to evaluate the lens absorbed dose according to the presence of Optimold in the eyeball part. Materials and Methods : In order to compare and to evaluate the lens absorbed dose according to the presence of Optimold in the eyeball part, the Optimold mask was made ??up to 5mm bolus on the part of the eye lens in the human model phantom (Anderson Rando Phantom, USA). In the practice treatment, to measure the lens dose, the simulation therapy was processed by placing the GafChromic EBT3 film under bolus, and after the treatment plan was set up through the treatment planning system (Pinnacle, PHILIPS, USA), the treatments were measured repeatedly three times in the same way. After removing the Optimold mask in the eyeball part, it was measured in the same way as above. After scanning the film and measuring the dose by using the Digital Flatbed Scanner (Expression 10000XL, EPSON, USA), the doses were compared and evaluated according to the presence of Optimold mask in the eyeball part. Results : When there was the Optimold mask in the eyeball part, it was measured at $10.2cGy{\pm}1.5$ in the simulation therapy, and at $24.8cGy{\pm}2.7$ in the treatment, and when the Optimold mask was removed in the eye part, it was measured at $12.9cGy{\pm}2.2$ in the simulation therapy, and at $17.6cGy{\pm}1.5$ in the treatment. Conclusion : In case of removing the Optimold mask in the eyeball part, the dose was increased approximately 3 cGy in the simulation therapy and was reduced approximately 7 cGy in the treatment in comparison to the case that the Optimold mask was not removed. During the whole treatment, since the lens absorbed dose was reduced about 27%, the chance to cause cataracts and side effects was considered to be reduced due to decrease of the absorbed dose to the eye lens which had the high sensitivity on the radiation.

치료계획 시스템을 이용한 Varian Standard Couch 모델링의 유용성 평가

양용모,송용민,김진만,최지민,최병기,Yang, yong mo,Song, yong min,Kim, jin man,Choi, ji min,Choi, byeung gi 대한방사선치료학회 2016 대한방사선치료학회지 Vol.28 No.1

목 적 : 방사선 치료 시 Carbon Fiber Couch에 의한 감약이 일어난다. 본 연구에서는 치료계획 시스템(Treatment Planning System: TPS)을 이용해 Varian사의 Varian Standard Couch(VSC)를 모델링 하여 유용성을 평가하고자 한다. 대상 및 방법 : 선형가속기(Clinac IX, VARIAN, USA)의 CBCT(Cone Beam Computed Tomography)를 이용하여 VSC의3가지 조건Side Rail Out Grid(SROG), Side Rail InGrid(SRIG), Side Rail In OutSpine Down Bar(SRIOS)로 스캔 한 후 TPS(Pinnacle9.8, Philips, USA)로 전송하여 Side Rail, Side Bar Upper, Side Bar Lower, Spine Down Bar를 Automatic Contouring하여 모델링 하였다. 전산화 단층촬영(Light Speed RT 16, GE, USA)으로 스캔 한 Cheese Phantom(Middelton, USA) 을 TPS로 전송하여 모델링 한 VSC를 적용하였다. 측정 점은 Cheese Phantom내의 Ion Chamber(A1SL, Standard imaging, USA)이며 Isocenter에 위치시켜 Energy(4, 10MV), Gantry Angle($5^{\circ}$간격으로 측정), Field Size($3{\times}3cm^2$, $10{\times}10cm^2$)에 변화를 주어 각 100MU의 동일한 조건에서 얻은 계산 값과 측정값을 비교하였으며 Side Bar Upper에 의한 감약을 비교하기 위해 SRIG조건에서 $127^{\circ}$를 포함하였다. 결 과 : CBCT를 이용해 얻은 VSC의 Density를 TPS에서 확인한 결과 $0.9g/cm^3$였으며 Spine Down Bar의 경우 $0.7g/cm^3$로 나타났다.Side Rail, Side Bar Upper, Side Bar Lower, Spine Down Bar에서 각 17.49%, 16.49%, 8.54%, 7.59%의 감약이 일어났으며모델링의 정확성을 평가하기 위해 계산 값과 측정값을 비교한 결과 평균 1.13%의 오차가 보였으며 Spine Down Bar를 지나는 $170^{\circ}beam$에서 1.98%로 가장 많은오차를 보였다. 결 론 : TPS이용해 모델링 한 VSC의 유용성을 평가하기 위해계산 값과 측정값을 비교한 결과 최대1.98%의 오차를 보였다. 방사선 치료계획 시 VSC를 모델링 하여 적용한다면선량에 대한 예측이 가능해 더욱 정확한 치료를 하는데 도움이 될 것으로 사료된다. Purpose : When a radiation treatment, there is an attenuation by Carbon Fiber Couch. In this study, we tried to evaluate the usability of the Varian Standard Couch(VSC) by modeling with Treatment Planning System (TPS) Materials and Methods : VSC was scanned by CBCT(Cone Beam Computed Tomography) of the Linac(Clinac IX, VARIAN, USA), following the three conditions of VSC, Side Rail OutGrid(SROG), Side Rail InGrid(SRIG), Side Rail In OutSpine Down Bar(SRIOS). After scan, the data was transferred to TPS and modeled by contouring Side Rail, Side Bar Upper, Side Bar Lower, Spine Down Bar automatically. We scanned the Cheese Phantom(Middelton, USA) using Computed Tomography(Light Speed RT 16, GE, USA) and transfer the data to TPS, and apply VSC modeled previously with TPS to it. Dose was measured at the isocenter of Ion Chamber(A1SL, Standard imaging, USA) in Cheese Phantom using 4 and 10 MV radiation for every $5^{\circ}$ gantry angle in a different filed size($3{\times}3cm^2$, $10{\times}10cm^2$) without any change of MU(=100), and then we compared the calculated dose and measured dose. Also we included dose at the $127^{\circ}$ in SRIG to compare the attenuation by Side Bar Upper. Results : The density of VSC by CBCT in TPS was $0.9g/cm^3$, and in the case of Spine Down Bar, it was $0.7g/cm^3$. The radiation was attenuated by 17.49%, 16.49%, 8.54%, and 7.59% at the Side Rail, Side Bar Upper, Side Bar Lower, and Spine Down Bar. For the accuracy of modeling, calculated dose and measured dose were compared. The average error was 1.13% and the maximum error was 1.98% at the $170^{\circ}beam$ crossing the Spine Down Bar. Conclusion : To evaluate the usability for the VSC modeled by TPS, the maximum error was 1.98% as a result of compassion between calculated dose and measured dose. We found out that VSC modeling helped expect the dose, so we think that it will be helpful for the more accurate treatment.

TiAlN을 코팅한 Al 6061합금의 기계적 성질에 미치는 코팅 조건의 영향

김찬영(Chan-Young Kim),양용모( Yong-Mo Yang),김경현(Kyung-hyun Kim) 산업기술교육훈련학회 2009 산업기술연구논문지 (JITR) Vol.14 No.3

In the past two decades, surface modification technology has been developed widely in order to improve surface properties of materials to extend the service lifetime. With the thin film coating, superior performance in tribology could be achieved such as durable cutting tools, drills etc. with high hardness. However, a metastable Ti1-xAlxN material not only exhibits superior oxidation resistance compared to TiN and better cutting behavior enabling the use of higher cutting speeds but also very interesting physical properties. The incorporation of aluminum in the cubic fcc TiN structure leads to enhanced thermal stability of the coating. At high temperatures, aluminum forms a stable oxide of Al2O3 upon exposure to oxidizing conditions, thus protecting the underlying Ti–Al–N layers. The evidence from several previous experiments showed that with the variation of x value of (Ti1−xAlxN), the color of film with the mechanical properties could be changed from one to another, even including the most luxuriant color-golden. Thus, a widely utilization of coating would be discovered by the Ti-Al-N attended, which is decorative field and hard coating filed. In order to reveal the trend of color change as well as hardness, microstructure inside Ti-Al-N film, a series of experiments has been done. There were several ways to realize the variation of x, such as changing the value of pN2/pT, adjusting the current of targets and using the targets with x variation. In this report, we used N2 and Ar as our reactive gas, changing the value of pN2/pT was employed as an approach to obtain variable samples with different x value for better physical properties.

농촌자동화를 위한 자동제어 장치 개발

최종준(Jong-Jun Choi),양용모(Yong-Mo Yang),김찬영(Chan-Young Kim) 산업기술교육훈련학회 2010 산업기술연구논문지 (JITR) Vol.15 No.1

This paper is purposed to develope a automatic equipment for agriculture automations. Particularly module is develope to apply vinyl house automation. Korea s agriculture are encountered suddenly environment change on 1990 years. Agriculture section s information is diffused a fruit tree, a flowering plant, stock raising. Inner crop s opening are accelerated from UR. Korea s agriculture is marked internationalization trend to reason these. Information management and automation section are developed rapidly. These are practiced home automation and factory automation. But, they are large scale and much money system, therefore system are applied to difficult various fields. This study are contributed to develop automation system and use small agriculture system for automation equipment by PLC.

혈액투석 환자에서 Erythropoietin 의 피하주사와 저용량 Androgen 의 병용투여가 빈혈과 영양지표에 미치는 효과

서정철(Jeong Chul Seo),김혜영(Hye Young Kim),양용모(Yong Mo Yang),전원중(Won Joong Jeon),이현희(Hyun Hee Lee),이경수(Kyoung Soo Lee),정지봉(Ji Bong Jeong),엄재호(Jae Ho Earm),이기형(Ki Hyeong Lee) 대한신장학회 2001 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.20 No.1

Recombinant human erythropoietin(r-HuEPO)은 말기 신부전 환자의 빈혈 치료에 있어서 가장 효과적이고 중요한 치료제로 이용되고 있다. 하지만, 상당한 비용이 필요하기 때문에 r-HuEPO의 조혈효과를 향상시키는 방법들이 제시되고 있는데, 이 중 안드로겐(androgen)과 r-HuEPO의 병용투여는 효과 면에서 아직까지 논란이 있다. r-HuEPO 투여 후 단백질 대사와 운동 능력 및 영양지표의 향상이 보고되고 있으며, 강한 단백 동화작용이 있는 안드로겐의 병용 투여시 영양지표가 더 호전될 것으로 기대되지만, 이에 대한 연구는 아직 없었다. 이에 저자들은 혈액투석 환자에서 r-HuEPO 피하 단독투여와 저용량 안드로겐의 병용투여시 빈혈의 치료 및 영양지표의 변화를 비교하고자 전향적 연구를 시행하였다. 충복대학교병원에서 혈액투석을 받는 환자 중 혈색소치가 8.0g/dL 이하 또는 헤마토그리트치 24% 이하인 환자를 대상으로 A군 ( r-HuEPO 단독투여군, n=12)은 주 2회 r-HuEPO 2000단위를 피하주사하였고, B군(r-HuEPO/안드로겐 병용투여군, n=12)은 동일한 양의 r-HuEPO와 nandrolone decanoate 100mg을 2주 마다 근주하였다. 6개월 투여 전후의 혈액검사와 인체계측을 시행하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1) 성별, 연령, 체중, Kt/V, 체중 당 r-HuEPO 용량(A군:71.8U/자,B군: 74.9U/wk)은 양군 간에 차이가 없었으며, nandrolone decanoate 용량은 주당 0.9±0.1mg/kg이었다. 투여 전혈색소, 헤마토크리트, 혈청 저장철, 혈청 부갑상선호르몬, 비타민 B12 folate, transferrin saturation과 영양지표인 알부민, 콜레스테를, prealbumin, transferrin, 인체계측지표는 양군 간에 차이가 없었다. 2)투여 6개월 후 A군의 혈색소는 7.1±0.7g/dL 에서 8.5±1.3g/dL로, 헤마토크리트는 20.7±2.2%에서 26.0±3.8%(P<0.05)로 상승하였고, B군의 혈색소는 6.8±0.4g/dL 에서 9.4±1.4g/dL로 헤마토크리트는 21.5±3.5%에서 30.1±2.8%(p<0.05)로 상승하였다. 치료시작 후 4개월 이후부터 평균 헤마토크리트는 A군에 비하여 B군에서 유의하게 높았다(p<0.05). 치료 후 혈색소 10.0g/dL 이상 또는 헤마토크리트 30% 이상에 도달한 환자수는 A군에서 12명 중 4명(33.3%)이었고,B군에서는 12명 중 10명(83.3%)으로 차이가 있었다(p<0.05). 3) 투여 6개월 후 영양지표는 양군 간에 차이가 없었다. 4) 연구기간 동안 안드로겐 투여에 따른 부작용은 근주부위의 동통 1예, 부종 1예 이외에는 없었다. 이상의 결과로 혈액투석환자에서 r-HuEPO 피하주사 단독투여에 비하여 저용량 안드로겐의 병용투여가 빈혈의 개선에 효과적이었다. 따라서, 경제적인 이유로 실제적으로 필요한 용량보구 Recombinant human erythropoietin(r-HuEPO) is the mainstay of anemia therapy in patient with end stage renal disease(ESRD), but the use of r-HuEPO is primarily limited by its high cost. So, it encourages any strategies that potentially enhance the erythropoietic response. However, studies designed to assess whether androgens would enhance the response to r-HuEPO were inconclusive. While androgens may be less expensive and may improve several nutritional parameters, their potential adverse effects discourage usage. We carried out a prospective study to examine the effect of low-dose androgen in combination with subcutaneous r-HuEPO on anemia and nutritional paramenters in hemodialysis patients. Twenty-four hemodialysis patients with hematocrit <24% or hemoglobin <8.0g/dL were randomly assigned into two groups. Group A(n=12) received 2000U r-HuEPO subcutaneously twice a week for six months. Group B(n=12) received the same dose of r-HuEPO plus nandrolone decanoate 100mg intramuscularly biweekly. Anthropometry, albumin, cholesterol, prealbumin, and transferrin were measured as nutritional parameters. The groups showed no differences in baseline levels of the followings : Hemoglobin, hematocrit; transferrin saturation, serum ferritin; intact serum parathyroid hormon, Kt/V; vitamin Biz, folate; nutritional parameters. At the cornpletion of the study, both groups showed significant increase in hematocrit compared with baseline levels(group A 20.7±2.2M to 26.0±3.8%; group B: 21.5±3.5% to 30.1±2.8%). The mean hematocrit in group B was significantly higher than in group A after 4 month study period(p<0.05). Ten of 12 patients in group B achieved a target hematocrit of 30%, as compared with four of 12 patients in group A. Both groups didn't show significant changes in any nutritional parameters. No significant side effects of androgen were noted during this short-term study. We conclude that low-dose androgen in combination with subcutaneous r-HuEPO is effetive treatment on anemia in hemodialysis patients, but does not improve nutritional status.