형사증거법상 사진의 증거능력 제한

신이철 ( Yi Chul Shin ) 건국대학교 법학연구소 2012 一鑑法學 Vol.0 No.22

Infolge einer technischen Entwicklung wird die Beweisfahigkeit der neuen technischen Beweismittel im Beweisrecht in Frage gestellt. Inbesondere werden die Photos, die beim Ermittlungsvorgang aufgenommen werden, als Beweismittel in der Hauptverhandlung haufig benutzt, sollten den Photos jedoch nicht ohne weiteres die Beweisfahigkeit beigemessen werden, da sie als solche sich die objektive Tatsachen nicht in vollen Masse beweisen lassen. Da die im Ermittlungsverfahren aufgenommenen Photos in der Regel in verschiedener Weise die Beweisqualifikation haben, sind auch die Frage nach Beweisfahigkeit der Photos je nach deren Art gepruft werden. Nach Rechtsprechung des Obersten Gerichtshofes, die vor dem Inkrafttreten der neuen Strafprozessordnung im Jahr 2007 veroffentlicht wurde, ist fur die Beweisfahigkeit des ohne Anordnung aufgenommene Photos drei folgende Voraussetzungen: erstens, der Tater muss auf frischer Tat betroffen werden, zweitens mussen die Erforderlichkeit und Dringlichkeit der Beweissicherung des Photos bejaht werden, drittens muss die Aufnahmemethode des Photos verhaltnissmassig sein. Da die Rechtsprechung des Obersten Gerichtshofes jedoch schon vor dem Inkrafttreten der neuen Strafprozessordnung, die insbesondere Beweisverwertungsverbot gemass §308-2 korStPO ausdrucklich beinhaltet, veroffentlicht wurde, sollte ihr auch jetzt nicht ohne Vorbehalt gefolgt werden, sondern die Rechtsprechung muss unter dem Gesichtspunkt des Beweisverwertungsverbots neu interpretiert werden.

형사절차상 성명모용이 판명된 경우 검사와 법원의 조치

신이철 ( Shin Yi-chul ) 한국외국어대학교 법학연구소 2009 외법논집 Vol.33 No.2

Fur die Wahrheitsfindung hat die Staatsanwaltschaft, die zur Einleitung eines Strafprozesses verpflichtet, immer daran festzustellen, wer verdächtig und mit welchem Tatvorwurf gegen den Beschuldigten fraglich ist. Insbesondere ist die Frage, wer im Fall der Identitätsverwechslung als Angeklagten betrachtet werden soll, fur die Wirksamkeit der Anklageerhebung bzw. der Aburteilung im konkreten Fall höchst wichtig. Fur die Feststellung der echten Angeklagten soll sich auf die gesamte Betrachtungsweise abzielen, in der man einerseits auf die Bezeichnung in der Anklageschrift, andererseits die Wille der Staatsanwaltschaft sowie das Verhalten des Angeklagten berucksicht, und zwar je nach den jeweiligen Prozessstadien. Dabei sollen die betreffenden Regelungen dahin ausgelegt werden, dass die Schutzgarantie effektiv gewährlwistet wird, ohne dabei die Verfahrenssicherheit zu gefährden. Dadurch ermöglicht der Lösungsansatz, den Burgern die Misstrauen gegen Strafjustiz zu bewältigen.

과학적인 감정자료를 기초로 한 감정서의 증거능력

신이철 ( Shin Yi-chul ) 한국외국어대학교 법학연구소 2009 외법논집 Vol.33 No.1

As there are ever-diversified crimes under the influence of rapidly developing scientific knowledge and technology, the so-called ‘scientific investigation (scientific evidence)’ is now more spotlighted as a means to overcome unnecessarily excessive dependence on parol evidence, a potential cause of violated human rights, in a sense that it can enhance reliability of evidence by objective analysis on evidence. Nevertheless, professional judgment of appraiser on a specific fact is an evidential material, and courts are responsible for making a final judgment on meaning of the evidential material. Here, scientific evidences have emerged in relatively recent period, and the construction of new judicial principles concerning these evidences becomes a new challenge in our contemporary criminal actions. In particular, the matter of the admissibility in evidences is underscored as the kernel of discussions about such challenge. Since it will be necessary to administer appraisal system for wider applications in the future, it is advisable that Korean judicial system should also set general principles of the admissibility in scientific evidence and provide positive regulations on the admissibility of individual major scientific evidences. Moreover, in order to assure the defensive right of ‘defendant's equality of arms’ and the accuracy of appraisal, it is required to begin with appointment of a competent appraiser including the right to appoint him to file for appraisal. And the appraiser may perform his work of appraisal at his discretion and must report on results of appraisal faithfully. Thus, this is the time to need a variety of further discussions ranging from oath system including affirmative appraisal system to the matter of assuring authenticity by punishment of fraudulent appraisal charge.

건물의 인동거리 및 처마조건에 따른 화재확대 위험성 평가 실험

신이철(Shin, Yi-Chul),구인혁(Koo, In-Hyuk),임 길언(Hayashi, Yoshihiko),권영진(Kwon, Young-Jin) 한국화재소방학회 2010 한국화재소방학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2010 No.춘계

최근 도시화, 산업화 등으로 인하여 인구 및 도시시설이 밀집되어 자연적 재해 및 인위적 재난에 취약한 구조를 가지고 있으며, 오래된 시가지와 고지대주거지를 중심으로 재난에 무방비한 장소들이 존재한다. 이는 급속한 도시화 과정에서 비롯된 것으로 도시기반시설이 정비되지 않은 상황에서 무질서한 도시팽창이 이루어낸 결과라고 할 수 있다. 따라서 우리나라의 도시화재 발생 위험성을 평가하기 위한 도시화재의 물리적 연소성상 예측모델을 구축하기 위해 건물간격에 따른 유풍시에 개구분출화염의 성상에 대한 실험을 실시하였다.

국토교통부 고시(2022-84) 대응 BIPV의 연소성능 분석에 관한 연구

신이철(Yi-chul Shin),박계원(Kye-won Park),이길용(Gil-yong Lee) 한국태양에너지학회 2022 한국태양에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2022 No.10

친족간의 야간주거침입절도죄와 일부기소

신이철(Shin Yi chul) 대검찰청 2016 형사법의 신동향 Vol.0 No.52

일본형법이 단순절도죄만 규정하고 있는 것과는 달리, 현행 우리나라 형법에서는 야간주거침입절도죄가 단순절도죄의 가중적 구성요건으로 규정하고 있다. 이와 관련하여 ‘야간’의 의미와 그 적용범위에 대하여 논란이 제기되고 있는 가운데, 야간주거침입절도죄에 대하여 친족상도례의 적용이 이루어지고 있다(형법 제344조). 즉, 형법 제 328조 제1항은 형면제로, 제328조 제2항은 상대적 친고죄로 규정하고 있다. 그러나 입법론적으로는 피의자의 의사가 반영될 수 있도록 모두 친고죄로 통일하는 것도 검토해 보아야 한다. 한편 비동거친족간 야간주거침입절도죄에서 피해자의 고소가 있음에도 불구하고 주거침입죄로만 일부기소하는 경우를 부적법하다고 단정할 수는 없지만, 문제는 친고죄의 고소기간을 도과하여 소송조건이 충족될 수 없는 경우에 주거침입죄로 일부기소가 이루어진 경우인데, 이때 수소법원은 공소기각판결을 해야 한다(제327조 제2호). 그리고 동거 친족간 야간주거침입절도죄의 일부기소에 있어서 어떤 의도를 가지고 자의적으로 공소권을 행사하면 공소권 남용으로 보아 일부인 주거침입죄에 대한 공소기각판결(제327조 제2호) 사유로 볼 여지가 없는 것은 아니다. 같은 취지로 이해할 여지가 있는 판례도 보인다. 다만 검사의 직무상 단순한 과실로 인하여 일부인 주거침입죄로만 기소한 경우에는 형의 선고가 이루어진다면 논리적으로 납득하기 어렵기 때문에, 형면제를 규정하고 있는 친족상도례 규정을 유추적용하여 형면제 판결을 선고하는 것이 오히려 균형이 맞을 것으로 생각된다. 차후에 단순한 주거침입과 중대한 주거침입을 구별하여 사생활 평온의 보장을 높이면서도 과잉 범죄화를 줄이는 입법의 기회가 오면, 그때 독일처럼 주거침입죄에 대해 친족상도례 규정을 준용하는 것을 부차적으로 검토해 볼 필요가 있다고 판단된다. Unlike Japan, according to current criminal laws, nocturnal housebreaking larceny has provision as an increased constituent feature of simple larceny. Related to this, there are controversies being raised about the meaning of nighttime and its application range. And the Relative Exception Law is being applied. In other words, the criminal law Article 328, number 1 is regulated as penalty exemption, and number 2 as a relative offense subject to complaint. However, on the legislation side, it must be reviewed so that they can all be unified as offenses subject to complaints so that the suspect’s intentions are reflected. It cannot be said that the case of partial prosecution of nocturnal housebreaking larceny among non-cohabiting relatives as only housebreaking is unlawful. The problem is that in the case that litigation conditions cannot be met because the offense subject to complaint has passed the charging period and partial prosecution is done, indictment dismissal judgement must be passed. Also, regarding partial prosecution of nocturnal housebreaking larceny among non-cohabiting relatives, if the right of arraignment is exercised arbitrarily with particular intentions, it can be seen as an abuse of the right of arraignment, and thus there is also a possibility of seeing this as a reason for a dismissal of charges(Article 327.2) regarding partial housebreaking larceny. In the case that it is indicted only as a partial housebreaking larceny due to the prosecutor’s simple mistake in connection with his duties and sentencing is done, this will be hard to accept logically; thus, balance can only be established if penalties are exempted through inferred application of the Relative Exception Law, which stipulates penalty exemptions. There is a need to review applying the Relative Exception Law regarding housebreaking larceny, on the legislation side.

형사절차상 이혼소송의 제기와 취하가 간통고소에 미치는 영향

신이철(Shin Yi-Chul) 한국형사법무정책연구원 2008 형사정책연구 Vol.74 No.-

일본의 피난 안전 규정 변천에 관한 연구

신이철(Shin, Yi-Chul),황은경(Hwang, Eun-Kyung),김대희(Kim, Dae-Hee),황금숙(Hwang, Keum-Suk),조정훈(Jo, Jeong-Hoon),권영진(Kwon, Young-Jin) 한국화재소방학회 2007 한국화재소방학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2007 No.추계

수사기관의 구속기간 산입배제에 대한 제언

신이철(Shin, Yi-Chul) 한국형사법무정책연구원 2014 형사정책연구 Vol.100 No.-

형사사건에 대한 상고기각 결정과 효력발생시기 -특히 상고이유서 미제출의 경우-

신이철 ( Yi Chul Shin ) 한국비교형사법학회 2014 비교형사법연구 Vol.16 No.1

Having the optimum goal of substantive verism, the Criminal Litigation Law states that even if the appellant did not properly claim the grounds in the final appeal, once a Final Appeal is filed, the Court of Law has the obligation to pursue the substantive truth, as well as the obligation to objectively judge issues unclaimed by the appellant and to dismiss the appeal in the form of a ‘judgment’ in order to provide, at least, a sufficient mental guarantee. It is improper for the Supreme Court to broadly interpret the grounds of the Final Appeal in order to overcome workload and weakened function of legal authority or to arbitrarily reduce the number of cases by the dismissal of the appeal. Ultimately, it is proper to pursue an institution in the direction of optimally guaranteeing the nation’s right to request judgments with sufficient legislative supplementation of institutional tools, such as installing a Department of Appeal in the High Court and increasing the number of judges at the Supreme Court. In this regard, Article 380 Clause 2 of the Criminal Litigation Law recently amended to allow dismissal of appeal simply with a judgment requires reconsideration due to the high possibility of violating the nation’s right to a serious judgment. Of course, if a dismissal of appeal on a Final Appeal is proceeded in the form of a ‘judgment,’ the final decision is made upon declaration, thus, the appellant would, at least, be released from the current arguments on the decision on a sentence.