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서울시 하수처리장 방류수 및 한강 내 PFOA와 PFOS의 과불화화합물 모니터링 연구
신미연,임종권,고영림,최경식,조경덕,Shin, Mi-Yeon,Im, Jong-Kwon,Kho, Young-Lim,Choi, Kyoung-Sik,Zoh, Kyung-Duk 한국환경보건학회 2009 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.35 No.4
Perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) have a wide range of domestic and industrial applications, but they are persistent in the environment. Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) are among the metabolites of PFCs and occur at high concentration in the environment. Korea is the largest importer of PFC compounds in the world, therefore, the accumulation of these compounds is possible. In this study, the concentrations of PFOS and PFOA were determined in water samples taken from sewage treatment plants (STPs) and the Han River in Seoul, Korea. After extraction with a HLB cartridge, PFCs in the samples were analyzed by HPLC with an ion trap mass spectrometry in electrospray negative mode. Limits of detection was between 1 and 1.6 ng/l. The result showed that the concentrations of PFOS and PFOA in effluent and influent of the four STPs in Seoul were 60~570 ng/l, and not detected (nd)~254 ng/l, respectively. The levels of PFOS and PFOA were higher in the effluents which passed through the treatment process than in influent water samples which was against expectation. The concentration of PFOA and PFOS in the Han River was 60~570 ng/l and nd~254 ng/l, respectively. PFOA was detected in every sample, but PFOS was only detected in the downstreams of the Han River. This result indicates that there is comprehensive contamination of PFCs in the aquatic environment in Korea.
HPLC-MS/MS를 이용한 트리클로로에틸렌 대사산물의 다중 분석법 확립
안영아,고영림,이승호,신미연,전중대,김성균,Ahn, Youngah,Kho, Younglim,Lee, Seungho,Shin, Mi-Yeon,Jeon, Jung Dae,Kim, Sungkyoon 한국환경보건학회 2014 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.40 No.2
Objectives: We aimed to develop a measurement method of five metabolites of trichloroethylene (TCE) in a concurrent biological sample, e.g., trichloroacetic acid (TCA), dichloroacetic acid (DCA), S-(1,2-dichlorovinyl) glutathione (DCVG), S-(1,2-dichlorovinyl)-L-cysteine (DCVC), and N-Acetyl-S-(1,2-dichlorovinyl)-L-cysteine (NAcDCVC) and to validate the method before application to pharmacokinetic study. Methods: TCE metabolites were simultaneously analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS/MS) with as little as 50 ${\mu}L$ of serum and urine. DCA, TCA and NAcDCVC were extracted with diethyl ether, while DCVC and DCVG were extracted by solid phase extraction. This method was validated according to the guidelines for bioanalytical method validation of the Korean National Institute of Toxicological Research. Then, we determined the five metabolites in five strains of mice at 24 hr after exposure to 1 g TCE /kg body weight. Results: The limits of detection for the five metabolites in biological samples ranged from 0.001 to 0.076 nmol/mL, which is comparable to or better than those previously reported. Most calibration curves showed good linearity ($R^2=0.99$), and between-batch variation was less than 20% expressing acceptable robustness and reproducibility. Using this method, we found TCA and DCA were detected in all test mice at 24 hr after the oral administration while NAcDCVC and DCVC were detected in some strains, which showed strain-dependent metabolism of TCE. Conclusions: The present method could provide robust and accurate measurements of major key metabolites of TCE in biological media, which allowed concurrent analysis of TCE metabolism for limited amounts of biospecimens.
가능한 자기의 균형이 우울 성향 대학생의 학습동기 수준에 미치는 영향
김진경(Jin-Gyeong Kim),신미연(Mi-Yeon Shin),현명호(Myoung Ho Hyun) 대한스트레스학회 2016 스트레스硏究 Vol.24 No.4
본 연구에서는 가능한 자기의 균형이 학습동기 수준에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 대학생 479명에게 우울, 가능한 자기, 학습동기를 측정하였다. 그 결과 우울성향이 높으면 부정적으로 가능한 자기를 많이 보고하고 학습동기 수준이 낮았다. 이어서 우울성향의 대학생 76명을 네 조건(균형, 긍정, 부정, 통제)에 무선배정하여 가능한 자기를 활성화하고 학습동기 수준을 RPM로 측정하였다. 그 결과, 가능한 자기가 균형 잡히도록 활성화된 사람은 부정적으로 가능한 자기가 활성화된 사람보다 도전할 만한 난이도의 과제를 선택하고 더 많은 문제를 정확하게 풀었다. 이러한 결과는 우울성향 대학생의 가능한 자기의 균형을 유지하면 저하된 동기 수준가 높아질 수 있음을 보여준다. 이어서 본 연구의 제한점을 논의하였다. The purpose of this study was to examine the possible selves and learning motivation of the depressed students, and the effects of possible selves in balance on learning motivation. Participants were 479 college students and the data of depression, possible selves, and learning motivation were obtained through self reports. The results showed that depressed students had negative possible selves and their level of learning motivation was low. Thereafter, 76 depressed students participated in the following experiment. Four different possible selves conditions (balanced condition, positive condition, negative condition, control condition) were generated by manipulating possible selves and participants’ learning motivation were measured using Raven’s Progressive Matrices (RPM). The results of this study indicated that there were motivational differences between types of possible selves especially for difficulty, quantity, and accuracy of the task. Participants in balance type selected more challenging task, solved more items, and worked out more accurately than those in negative type. These results imply that balance in possible selves will be effective for improving motivation of the depressed students. Finally, the limitation of this study were discussed.
우경민(Kyung-Min Woo),신미연(Mi-Yeon Shin),유창호(Chang-Ho Yu) 한국재활복지공학회 2024 재활복지공학회논문지 Vol.18 No.4
The paradigm shift in the healthcare and medical industries has also affected the skin care field. Accordingly, R&D and commercialization of personal skin care devices are increasing. However, suppose ordinary users who need more knowledge of individual skin and personal skin care devices misuse the personal skin care device. In that case, it can cause significant side effects. This study attempted to confirm changes in users skin when the most diverse and commercialized LEDs and microcurrent skin care devices were continuously used and to compare and analyze skin conditions when LEDs and microcurrents were used alone and in combination. 15 men and women in their 20s and 60s with dry skin were divided into three subjects (Group A: using only red LEDs, Group B: using only microcurrents, Group C: using red LEDs, microcurrents), and a total of 8 studies were conducted twice a week for 4 weeks. As a result of the study, it was confirmed that the skin condition could be improved more when LEDs and microcurrent were used in combination than when LEDs and microcurrent were used alone. This study confirmed changes that occur when red LEDs and microcurrents are applied to the skin for a long time, and the most effective method for improving skin condition was derived through a comparative analysis of data.
에틸렌옥사이드(Ethylene oxide)에 노출된 병원 근로자들의 소핵 빈도와 유전적 감수성 지표와의 연관성
이선영,김양지,최영주,이중원,이영현,신미연,김원,윤충식,김성균,정해원,Lee, Sun-Yeong,Kim, Yang-Jee,Choi, Young-Joo,Lee, Joong-Won,Lee, Young-Hyun,Shin, Mi-Yeon,Kim, Won,Yoon, Chung-Sik,Kim, Sung-Kyoon,Chung, Hai-Won 한국환경보건학회 2011 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.37 No.6
Objectives: Ethylene oxide (EtO) is classified as a human carcinogen, but EtO is still widely used to sterilize heat-sensitive materials in hospitals. Employees working around sterilizers are exposed to EtO after sterilization. The aim of the present study was to assess the exposure of EtO level, coupled with occupationally induced micronuclei from hospital workers. The influence of genetic polymorphisms of detoxifying genes (GSTT1 and GSTM1) and DNA repair genes (XRCC1 and XRCC3) on the frequencies of micronuclei in relation to exposure of EtO was also investigated. Methods: The study population was composed of 35 occupationally exposed workers to EtO, 18 student controls and 44 unexposed hospital controls in Korea. Exposure to EtO is measured by passive personal samplers. We analyzed the frequencies of micronuclei by performing cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay (CBMN assay) and GSTM1, GSTT1, XRCC1, and XRCC3 were also genotyped by performing polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Results: The frequencies of micronuclei in EtO exposure group, student controls and hospital controls were $18.00{\pm}7.73$, $10.47{\pm}7.96$ and $13.86{\pm}6.35$ respectively and their differences were statistically significant, but no significant differences according to the level of EtO were observed. There was a dose-response relationship between the frequencies of micronuclei and cumulative dose of EtO, but no significantly differences were observed. We also investigated the influence of genetic polymorphisms (GSTM1, GSTT1, XRCC1, and XRCC3) on the frequencies of micronuclei, but there were no differences in the frequencies of micronuclei by genetic polymorphisms. Conclusions: The frequencies of micronuclei in EtO exposure group was significantly higher than control groups. A dose-response relationship was found between the level of EtO exposure and the frequencies of micronuclei, but no statistically differences were observed. We also found that the frequencies of micronuclei were increased according to cumulative EtO level. There was no association of the genetic GSTM1, GSTT1, XRCC1, and XRCC3 state with the frequency of micronuclei induced by EtO exposure.
한국 여성 섭식장애 환자에서 알코올 사용 장애의 공동이환율
이선구(Seon-Koo Lee),이정현(Jung-Hyun Lee),신미연(Mi-Yeon Shin),김준기(Joon-Ki Kim),남궁기(Kee Namkoong),정영철(Young-Chul Jung) 한국중독정신의학회 2009 중독정신의학 Vol.13 No.2
Objectives:This study assessed the prevalence and clinical characteristics of eating disorder patients with alcohol use disorder in Korea. Methods:We assessed 418 female eating dis-order outpatients on demographics, eating psychopathologies, personal characteristics, and alcohol-related problems via semi-structured interviews. Results:17.2% of the patients reported the comorbidity of alcohol use disorder. Eating disorder combined with alcohol use disorder was more prevalent in patients with anorexia nervosa, (binge-eating/purging type) and bulimia nervosa than in those with anorexia nervosa (restricting type). Also, patients with an eating disorder combined with alcohol use disorder were more impulsive than were eating-disorder patients without alcohol use disorder. Conclusion:We found a meaningful subgroup of patients in Korea with both eating disorder and alcohol use disorder, having distinct sociodemographic characteristics and symptoms.
기술노트 : 춘천시 일부 농촌 지역의 음용수 수질에 관한 조사연구
박수정 ( Su Jung Park ),김문경 ( Moon Kyung Kim ),기영선 ( Young Sun Ki ),오소린 ( So Rin Oh ),신미연 ( Mi Yeon Shin ),오지윤 ( Ji Yoon Oh ),변재철 ( Jae Cheol Byeon ),이성민 ( Seong Min Lee ),정은희 ( Eun Hee Jung ),김은미 ( Eun 한국물환경학회 ( 구 한국수질보전학회 ) 2006 한국물환경학회지 Vol.22 No.3
This study was conducted in the summer of 2005 in Shindong-myeon, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do to assess the quality of drinking water and to evaluate their potential pollutants. Ninety four water samples were collected from three classes of water supplies such as simple piped water, supplied own water and others (Supplied local water). Most residents used simple piped water (72.63%). 31.25% residents thought the water quality was bad and landfill was the main source of pollution that affected water quality. To correspond this perception, water quality was measured according to Drinking Water Quality Standard. The general bacteria, coliforms, and NO3-N exceeded the standard but the water qualities in these four areas were suitable for Drinking Water Quality Standard. The simple piped water showed low mean concentration of excess rate compared to supplied own piped water except general bacteria. Hardness, pH, and NO3-N showed significantly higher effects on drinking water quality. To evaluate the effect of effluent from landfill, water quality was measured according to distance and altitude. However, there was no effect of landfill effluent. To find out the effect of rainfall, we compared water quality of the year 2003 with that of 2005. The result showed significant differences in hardness and NO3-N concentration. This study confirmed that NO3-N, coliforms, and general bacteria are main pollutant of water supply in rural community. Therefore, it is necessary to regularly maintain simple piped water supply, supplement sewer facilities, and educate residents about public health risk associated with drinking water in rural area.