상수리첨가 식이가 흰쥐의 혈청지질 및 간장에 미치는 영향

신두호,정승태 ( Doo Ho Shin,Sueng Tai Jung ) 한국유화학회 1996 한국응용과학기술학회지 Vol.13 No.2

The antioxidant effects of freeze-drying acorn were examined to find how much the freeze-drying acorn can reduce peroxidized corm oil poisoning, which influenced cholesterol, triglyceride, phospholipids, lipidperoxides, GOT(glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase), GPT(glutamate pyruvate transaminase) in serum, and cholesterol, triglyceride, lipidperoxides, fatty acid of phospholipids, SOD(superoxide dismutase), catalase in liver. In this experiment, male rats of Sprague-Dawley strain were used. The rats were divided into 6 groups, which were fed differently for 5 weeks : basal diet, 10% peroxidized corn oil added to basal diet, 1% acorn flour and 10% peroxidized corn oil added to basal diet, 5% acorn flour and 10% peroxidized corn oil added to basal diet, 10% acorn flour and 10% peroxidized corn oil added to basal diet, and 0.25% tannic acid and 10% peroxidized corn oil added to basal diet. The results were as follows : It was found that the peroxidized corn oil-fed 5 weeks induced the elevation of cholesterol, triglycerides, lipid peroxides, GOT, GPT in serum, and cholesterol, triglycerides, lipid peroxides in liver as compared to the basal diet-fed rats, but the acorn flour-fed rats reduced the elevation of these components. In addition, saturated fatty acid in rat liver phospholipids induced the elevation by feeding of peroxidized corn oil and, on the other hand, the acorn flour-fed rats reduced the elevation of saturated fatty acids. The acorn flour-fed rats reduced the activity of SOD in liver while they enhanced the activity of catalase in liver as compared with the peroxidized corn oil-fed rats.

밤 가공시(加工時) 열처리(熱處理) 방법(方法)이 과육성분(果肉成分)에 미치는 영향(影響)

신두호,오만진,김성열,Shin, Doo Ho,oh, Man Jin,Kim, Seung Yeol 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 1981 Korean Journal of Agricultural Science Vol.8 No.1

밤의 가공시(加工時) 열처리방법(熱處理方法)이 밤의 과육(果肉)성분에 미치는 영향을 규명하기 위하여 수자(水煮), 증자(蒸煮), 배초처리(焙焦處理)에 따른 밤의 화학성분(化學成分) 변화(變化)를 검토하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 원료(原料)밤의 화학성분(化學成分)은 수분(水分) 59~61%, 총당(總糖) 24~27%, 환원당(還元糖) 0.3%내외(內外), 조단백질(粗蛋白質) 3% 내외(內外), 조지방(粗脂肪) 0.3~0.4%, 조섬유(粗纖維) 0.6~0.9%, 회분(灰分) 1%, amino 태질소(態窒素) 0.3%, vitamin C 20~22mg%, tannin 40~48mg%이었다. 2. 생(生)밤의 수분함량(水分含量)은 59.41%, 수자처리(水煮處理)한 밤은 63.80%, 박피(剝皮)하여 수자처리(水煮處理)한 밤은 70.27%로 증가하였고 배초처리(焙焦處理)한 빔은 54.11%로 감소하였다. 3. 조단백질(粗蛋白質) 함량(含量)에 있어서 생(生)밤은 8.72%, 박피(剝皮)하여 수자처리(水煮處理)한 밤은 8.04%로 감소하였고 amino태질소(態窒素) 함량(含量)은 모든 처리(處理)에 있어서 감소의 경향을 나타냈으며 조지방(粗脂肪) 함량은 별 변화(變化)가 없었다. 4. 총당함량(總糖含量) 변화(變化)는 박피(剝皮)하여 수자처리(水煮處理)한 밤과 배초처리(焙焦處理) 밤은 생(生)밤보다 3% 정도 감소하였고 환원당(還元糖) 함량에 있어서는 모든 처리에 있어서 2~3배 정도 증가하였다. 5. Vitamin C 함량의 변화(變化)에 있어서는 수자처리(水煮處理)한 밤은 생(生)밤에 비하여 72~78%, 증자(蒸煮) 처리(處理)한 밤은 64.2%, 배초처리(焙焦處理)한 밤은 51.6% 감소하였으며 tannin 함량에 있어서는 수자처리(水煮處理)한 밤이 11.0%, 배초처리(焙焦處理)한 밤은 46.0% 정도 증가하였고 박피(剝皮)하여 수자처리(水煮處理)한 밤에 있어서는 22.0% 정도 감소하였다. 6. 배초(焙焦), 증자(蒸煮), 수자처리(水煮處理)한 밤의 색도(色度)는 심한 갈변(褐變)현상을 나타냈으며 0.1% $K_2Al_2(SO_4){_4}{\cdot}24H_2O$ 용액중(溶液中)에서 수자처리(水煮處理)한 밤은 색도(色度)의 변화(變化)가 없었다. The changes in chemical compositions of chestnuts were tested during processing in order to elucidate the effects of heat treatments such as boiling, steaming and roasting on the flesh compositions. The results obtained were as follows. 1. The chemical compositions of raw chestnuts were: moisture, 59-61%; total sugar, 24-27%; crude fat, 0.3%; crude fiber, 0.6-0.9%; ash, 1.0%; amino nitrogen, 0.3%; vitamin C, 20-22 mg%; and tannin, 40-48%. 2. The moisture contents were increased to 63.8% by the boiling and to 70.27% by the peeling and boiling from 59.41% of raw ones respectively, whereas decreased to 54.11% by the roasting. 3. Contents of crude protein were decreased to 8.04% by the peeling and boiling procedure from 8.72% of raw ones, and those of amino nitrogen also revealed a decreasing tendency by the heat treatments. However, no significant change was observed in crude fat content. 4. Total sugar contents were decreased by the peeling and boiling procedure approximately 3.0%, whereas reducing sugars were increased 2 to 3 times in the all treatments. 5. Vitamin C contents were decreased 72.0 to 78.0 % by the boiling procedure, 64.2% by the steaming, 51. 6% by the roasting as compared with the raw ones. Tannin contents were increased 11.0% by the boiling, and 46.0% by the roasting respectively, whereas decreased 22.0% by the peeling and boiling procedure. 6. The color was changed to brown with different degree, during the boiling, steaming and roasting procedure. The 0.1% solution of alum appeared to be effective in reducing the browning reaction during the heat treatments.

환경위기 담론으로서의 종말론적 수사학 재고

신두호(Shin, Doo-ho) 문학과환경학회 2013 문학과 환경 Vol.12 No.1

Apocalyptic narrative has become a very popular rhetorical means in well-known environment-related writings ranging from science-oriented books like Carson’s Silent Spring to the most recent books by environmental thinkers, politicians, and writers such as Al Gore’s The Inconvenient Truth and Bill McKibben’s Eaarth. Consequently, it has attracted ecocritical attention, but ecocritics as well as environmental thinkers disagree over whether apocalyptic narrative and vision are effective in raising ecological concerns and awareness among general readers. This question of environmental rhetorical communication carries important implication in ecocritical studies because, from the point of departure, ecocriticism has vowed to take literary study’s social responsibility in the age of environmental crisis by means of raising ecological awareness. However, arguments made by both proponents and opponents stop short of elaborating on why; their arguments are no less than superficial and declaratory judgement. This study examines and analyzes the American general public’s psychological and emotional responses to environmental crisis and concludes that apocalyptic rhetoric, contrary to our general belief, is likely to prevent the public from coming into a state of environmental awareness and engaging in environmental activities.

생태비평의 자연보전주의 전통과 미국초기생태문학 재고

신두호 ( Doo Ho Shin ) 연세대학교 유럽사회문화연구소 2013 유럽사회문화 Vol.11 No.-

Since its inception in the mid-1990s as an emerging literary study in the United States, ecocriticism has gained a tremendous attention and enjoyed its status as one of the most important literary critical schools. During the past two decades of development and expansion, ecocriticism has gone through three "waves": from ecocentric wave through environmental wave to a recent post-colonial, multi-cultural wave. The first wave, however, has persisted and predominated ecocritical studies in the United States. Persistence of the ecocentric tendency in ecocritical studies, which is closely related to American veneration of wilderness as pristine nature, is largely attributed to the early ecocriticism`s determination of Henry David Thoreau as the ``reference point`` of ecocritical discourse. Facing current stagnation and paradoxical dilemma of being helplessness for social responsibility, ecocriticism indeed needs to accommodate conservation tenets in its discourse that has stuck to preservation tenets alone. The movement toward ecocriticism`s comprehensive approach may well begin with reconsideration of the origin of ecocritical literature. James Fenimore Cooper and his novel The Pioneers rather than Thoreau is aptly the best candidate. Cooper has been considered as the father of true American literature and his major works appeared one generation earlier than Thoreau. Specifically his novel The Pioneers, whose setting was on the historical and social background of the late 17th and early 18th century of a settlement in Northeastern America, weaves the preservation and conservation ideas in a real social circumstance, an early settlement town in New York state. The conservation causes justified by the town leader Judge Temple and the hunter Nattye Bumppo are surprisingly congruous to the late 19th century and early 20th century conservation movement causes of government policy, democratic development, and sportsmanship that have been considered as the origin of American conservation by historians. The pavement toward such comprehensive ecocriticism with Cooper as the new pioneer of ecological literature may well help ecocriticism get out of its current stagnation as a viable literary method and its dilemma of being ineffectiveness in having an effect on environment-related problems.

환경문제와 동양의 자연예술 재고

신두호 ( Doo Ho Shin ) 국제비교한국학회 2008 비교한국학 Comparative Korean Studies Vol.16 No.1

코로나바이러스감염증-19와 인류세 푸드 웨이, 마거릿 애트우드의 『오릭스와 크레이크』

신두호(Shin, Doo Ho) 문학과환경학회 2021 문학과 환경 Vol.20 No.3

코로나19는 인류세적 질병이다. 즉, 코로나19는 자연발생이 아닌 인간의 활동에 의한 기후변화와 환경파괴의 결과로 전 지구적 차원에서 초래되고 확산된 팬데믹이다. 팬데믹 원인과 확산에 기여한 인간 활동에는 푸드의 생산과 유통, 소비라는 푸드시스템 및 푸드의 생산과 소비와 관련된 문화·사회적, 경제적 관행인 푸드 웨이가 크게 자리 잡고 있다. 코로나19의 발생과 확산이 인간 활동에 의한 것이라면, 그 해결책에는 인간 활동 성찰이 포함되어야 하며, 과학적 데이터에 근거한 정부주도의 정책적 대책과 처방 못지 않게 장기적인 관점에서의 인문학적 관점 역시 필요한 이유다. 특히, 인류세 기후변화 및 푸드시스템과 푸드 웨이는 사람들의 삶의 양식과 윤리에서 기인하는 인간 활동과 밀접하게 연결되어 있기 때문이다. 개개인의 인간 활동의 성격과 모습을 규정하고 영향을 끼치는 주된 요인은 과학적 데이터나 사실, 혹은 정부의 정책이나 지침 못지않게 사회적 규범과 개인 각자의 가치관과 윤리에서 나온다. 사회적 규범이라는 것도 명문화된 것이 아니라 비정형화의 특징을 지니며 개개인의 가치관과 윤리 의식 역시도 과학적 분석으로만 규명될 수 있는 것이 아니다. 오히려, 이들 요인은 특정 사회 상황에 처한 개개인의 처지와 생각, 대처의 모습을 구체적으로 그려주는 스토리를 통해 구현된다. 스토리를 통해 사람들은 곧 자신의 스토리로 인식전환을 통해 상황에 대한 이해와 대처, 행동 방향을 스스로 세우게 된다. 작금의 코로나19란 실제 상황에서 과거 팬데믹과 푸드 웨이를 작품에서 다뤘던 작가, 특히 SF작가들이 새삼 주목받게 된 이유다. 그 중 캐나다의 저명한 여류소설가인 마거릿 애트우드(Margaret Atwood)와 팬데믹을 다룬 그녀의 2003에서 2013년에 걸쳐 발표된 ‘미친아담’ SF 3부작이 특히 언론의 집중적인 조명을 받고 있다. 이 3부작 중 팬데믹 이후의 종말론적 상황을 다루는 두 번째와 세 번째 작품과는 달리 첫 번째 작품인 『오릭스와 크레이크』는 팬데믹 발생 이전의 상황과 발생원인, 발생 직후의 사회상황을 다룬다는 점에서 현 코로나19 상황을 이해하고 대처하는데 가장 유용하다. 애트우드의 작품에 주목해야 할 이유는 현 코로나19 발생과 확산에 대한 예측의 정확성보다는 현실에서 벌어지고 있는 팬데믹과 푸드 관련 상황에 대해 대중에게 필요한 관심과 인식, 각성이 작품 속에 구체적으로 구현되어 있기 때문이다. COVID-19 pandemic is the disease of the Anthropocene, which means that this virus is no abiogenesis but a consequence of the anthropogenic climate and environmental changes. Human actions involved in the occurrence and spread of this pandemic include both current industrial food systems and our foodways. If our human activities are responsible for the impending COVID-19 rampant, we should also address the introspection on human actions. Specifically, the current food system and our foodways reflect and influence modern people’s lifestyles and ethics that determine their actions. The factors that shape and influence individual actions, behaviors, and personalities include scientific data and government policies and decisions, and social norms and values and ethics of each individual. Social norms are hardly codified, and individual values and ethics are not objects of quantitative analysis. Instead, they are better presented and represented through stories that deal with individuals in specific situations and circumstances like the COVID-19 pandemic in concrete and detailed terms. By identifying them with story characters, general readers can better understand their conditions and problems and figure out how to deal with and resolve them. In the wake of COVID-19, some SF writers and their works that deal with global diseases and their consequent foodways have newly attracted attention. The celebrated Canadian novelist Margaret Atwood is a prime example and her SF MaddAddam trilogy published from 2003 through 2013 deals with the apocalyptic pandemic globe. From the perspective of current COVID-19 circumstances, the first novel of the trilogy Oryx and Crake is specifically worthy of attention because it deals with pre-and post-pandemic society, which is strikingly similar to our current state. We need to pay attention to Atwood"s work not because it accurately predicts the COVID-19 pandemic. We should do because it appeals to the sense of reality about the pandemic society, i.e., the reality that enables readers to understand situations they have been in and to introspectively examine their lifestyles, foodways, and ethics they have held so far.

인류세 식탁과 푸드 서사 서설

신두호(Shin, Doo-ho) 문학과환경학회 2020 문학과 환경 Vol.19 No.3

인류세 기후변화로 인한 전 지구적 차원의 환경파괴의 실상과 이로 인한 결과는 일반인들이 구체적으로 쉽게 인식하거나 체험적으로 이해하는데 한계가 있을 수밖에 없다. 왜냐하면, 변화의 양상은 대단히 복합적이고 다층적이며 변화의 규모 역시 전지구적 스케일을 갖기 때문이다. 이러한 변화는 일반인들의 경우 ‘나의 문제’로 체험적으로 받아들이기 어렵게 된다. 우리가 푸드에 주목해야 할 이유가 여기에 있다. 모든 사람들은 매일같이 푸드에 의존할 수밖에 없으며 푸드에 문제가 생기면 바로 자신들의 삶이 영향을 받기 때문에 푸드 생산과 소비로 인한 환경에의 영향과 역으로 환경변화와 파괴로 인한 푸드 생산과 소비에의 영향까지도 관심을 갖지 않을 수 없다. 인류세 환경을 초래한 인간 활동으로서의 푸드 생산 활동은 푸드 소비활동과 별개가 아니다. 푸드 소비의 성격과 양에 따라 생산이 결정된다는 점에서 푸드 소비활동은 푸드 생산 활동만큼이나 인류세적 환경에 직접적으로 영향을 끼친다. 푸드는 시대와 문화, 환경에 따라 각기 독특성을 지녀왔으며 이러한 요소의 변화에 따라 푸드 역시 변천을 거듭해 왔다. 이러한 이유로 푸드는 사람들이 사는 방식과 가치관, 문화를 이해하는 실질적인 수단으로 기능해왔다. 시대에 따른 사람들의 삶의 양태와 가치관, 문화는 다름 아닌 문학의 중요한 소재이자 주제가 되어왔기 때문에 푸드는 문학적 상징으로서 대단히 중요하게 다뤄져왔다. 최근의 푸드 서사는 다음 세 가지로 경향으로 정리된다. 첫째는, 일종의 푸드 이력서로서 푸드 생산에서 소비까지의 감추어진 과정을 파헤치면서 현대의 산업농법과 섭생이 인간과 환경에 얼마나 유해한지를 고발한다. 둘째는, 목가주의 관점에서 대안농업인 유기농법과 지역기반 농업에 기반을 둔 푸드의 생산과 소비 활동의 의미를 건강과 환경보호 차원에서 살핀다. 셋째는, 인류세 환경에서 정원·텃밭 가꾸기와 같은 도회지 농업의 모습과 의미, 푸드 정의를 다룬다. The Anthropocene results of global environmental changes that have been accumulated mainly from recent climate changes are not easily noticeable or recognized. This is largely due to the complicated nature and global scale of climate and environmental changes. Therefore, the general public are not easily able to reach realization that “I” am a part of the problem and responsible for such results. This is the reason we should pay attention to food. On daily basis, people rely on food and, when something happens to food, they instantly become aware of it. The human activities that have resulted the current Anthropocene problems not only have influenced food production but also are influenced by food consumption. Food has function as an indicator of people’s changing lifestyles, values, and culture; therefore, literature has greatly paid attention to food. And this sould be a reason we need to eye on recently popularized food narratives Recent food narratives can be classified into three tendencies. The first tendency is a food biography in which the history and processes of food from its production to consumption is examined, revealing hidden stories of industrial food. The second tendency is a pastoral alternative food such as local food movements and organic farming. The third tendency is a urban farming that involves social movements such as food justice movement and community-supported agriculture.

“녹색 넘어서기”- 미국서부사막지대 자연인식과 에드워드 애비의 『사막의 고독』

신두호(Shin, Doo-Ho) 문학과환경학회 2014 문학과 환경 Vol.13 No.2

Wallace Stegner once argued that appreciation of nature in the arid West requires getting over the color green, dissociating beauty with gardens and lawns. The color green has long been associated with beauty of nature in Western culture, and people favor green color, associating it with positive values and pleasant feelings. In addition, in recent years the color green has come to denote the healthy environment and ecosystem. All these factors have made it very difficult for general people "get over the color green." It was a group of nature writers who pioneered appreciating the aesthetics and value of vast sprawls of hot and dry land of American West devoid of color green. They not only questioned the accustomed modes of geography, landscape, environment, and ecology but also overcame the collective imagination of cultural heritage of color green represented in the mythic "green world" and wilderness ethics in the American myth. An American nature writer Edward Abbey represents not only this post-green color aesthetics on non-green nature of the arid land of American West, but also trans-wilderness ethics in which green nature and red culture are incorporated in balance. Abbey"s Desert Solitaire incorporates Abbey"s such perception and awareness. An ecocritical approach on Abbey should be made from this aspect, instead of ever branding him an "anarchist," "radical environmentalist," eco-terrorist," or "anti-civilization voice."

감잎 (시엽 (枾葉) ) 의 항산화 성분 분리

신두호 ( Doo Ho Shin) 한국유화학회 1997 한국응용과학기술학회지 Vol.14 No.1

공유지의 운명과 한국의 옛 지혜

신두호 ( Doo Ho Shin ) 국제비교한국학회 2009 비교한국학 Comparative Korean Studies Vol.17 No.1