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백파긍선 육조대사법보단경요해의 마하반야바라밀 해석 연구- 단경과 단경요해의 반야바라밀 해석 중심으로 -
송준환 사단법인한국교수불자연합회 2023 한국교수불자연합학회지 Vol.29 No.3
Mahāyana Buddhism starts with the practice of zìlìlìtā(自利利他), or self-benefit for the benefit of others. In other words, those who do not actively participate in the practice of transferring their merits to others(廻向) as an integral aspect of their bodhisattva path are generally categorized within the realms of shēngwén(聲聞) and yuánjué(緣覺). Then the question arises as to what the subject and object of transferring their merit to another Because the Mahāyana is based on the idea of yīqièjiēkōng(一切皆空). In response to these questions, I would like to study how mahāprajñāpāramitā(摩訶般若波羅蜜), the practice of Mahāyana bodhisattva path, is interpreted in Zen Buddhism and what its meaning is by studying the thought of “Dangyeong(壇經)” and “Dangyeong Yohae(壇經要解)”, a commentary from the late Joseon Dynasty, which is important in the history of Zen Buddhism. Because, in the author's opinion, the clue to resolving these issues can be found in the concepts of zìxìngqīngjìng(自性淸淨) and Prajñāpāramitā(般若波羅蜜). Because Hyeneung(慧能) has presented the Prajñāpāramitā as the enlightenment and practice of Zen Buddhism through “Dangyeong”. And the practice of Prajñāpāramitā in the abstruse effect of the three non-existence(三無), the transience verse(無相頌), mahāprajñāpāramitā, which structuralizes teaching of sudden enlightenment(頓敎) and jiànxìngchéngfú(見性成佛) Buddhism as the logic of Prajñā(般若). About this Prajñāpāramitā thought, “Dangyeong” was solved based on true emptiness is marvelous existence of the state of true emptiness of the phenomenal world to ideal world(向上本分). And “Dangyeong Yohae” was solved on the basis of interpretation methodology that utilized Xiàngxiàsānyào(向下三要) of the Zǔshīchán(祖師禪). Therefore, the mahāprajñāpāramitā of Korean Zen can be characterized as the succession of the mahāprajñāpāramitā, characterized by the dùnwùjiànxìng(頓悟見性) and jíxīnshìfó(卽心是佛) of the sixth Hyeneung. These zen thoughts remained in the Joseon Dynasty of oppressing Buddhism and it inherited their authenticity and Buddhist doctrine to this day.
송준환,박준수,최영진,김휘준,남해선,김용배 순천향대학교 순천향의학연구소 2009 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.15 No.1
Rapid diagnosis is essential not only for the initiation of antiviral agents and avoidance of unnecessary use of antibiotic therapy but also for the prevention of nosocomial transmission of influenza virus to patients at high risk of influenza related complications. We evaluated the usefulness of the rapid influenza antigen test in a tertiary care hospital laboratory in comparison with reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Clinical specimens taken from 750 patients between February 2007 and May 2008 were nasal swab for rapid test and sputum, nasopharyngeal aspirate and bronchoalveolar wahing for RT-PCR. In 750 patients tested, overall sensitivity of the rapid antigen assay was 47.2% and specificity was 98.6%. Sensitivity for patients lesser than 14 years of ages (55.0%) was significantly higher comparing for patients 14 and more than 14 years of ages (23.1%). Sensitivity and specificity were 16.0% and 100%, respectively, for influenza B. In conclusively, the rapid influenza antigen tests using nasal swab samples were less sensitive for detection of influenza, especially in adult patients and for detection of influenza B. The use of nasal swab samples for rapid influenza antigen detection methods may be limited in clinical setting.