연구논문 : 사각형 얼굴의 메이크업 색채 변화에 따른 형태 지각 연구

송서현 ( Seo Hyun Song ),김은희 ( Eun Hee Kim ) 한국미용학회 2015 한국미용학회지 Vol.21 No.1

The purpose of the research is to study on the perception of face type to color of make-up variations of square shape was made by computer graphic simulation. The various facial image can be effected from shape differences and make-up style. Experiment was a square face shape is selected by using the Photoshop foundation colors (3), eye shadow color (7), a variation in the color of lipstick (6) to prepare a total of 39 stimuli are combined. Make-up Image Scale was used the scale of seven point modified the S-D method. Data were analyzed by Duncan``s Multiple Range Test, Two- way ANOVA. As a result of form comparison of face type to make-up color variations, the foundation color and eye-shadow, lipstick color were influenced interactively on the perception of face type. Thefoundation color was found out to be influential variable to distinguish color perception abilities. In conclusion, was foundation color is found that affects the assessment of the perceived color of lipstick and eye shadow color, in the angular characteristics of the visible item in the form of a square shape that were not significantly different, even the same color perception of the color of the foundation color depending on the evaluation also showed otherwise. In addition, rather than color eye shadow and lipstick colors gave the clear impression. This study has the value of research that could be perceived as a form of facial make-up in accordance with the brother face the same color change.

긴형 얼굴의 메이크업 색채 변화에 따른 이미지 변화 분석

송서현(Seo-Hyun Song),김은희(Eun-Hee Kim) 한국인체미용예술학회 2012 한국인체미용예술학회지 Vol.13 No.1

This study proposes a model for selecting makeup colors and expressing facial images through an objective analysis of the impact of the combination of makeup colors and oblong faces on facial images. A total of 126 stimuli which combine 3 foundation colors, 7 eye-shadow colors and 6 lipstick colors were fabricated using Photoshop. Then, semantic differentials were constructed for evaluation of facial images. The makeup color-combined photos were compared to the makeup majors. Factor analysis, ANOVA and Duncan's multiple range test were performed. According to the study, the combination of foundation, eye-shadow and lipstick colors has a significant impact on perception evaluation of tenderness, social and elegance factors. lipstick colors were important color, influenced on the tenderness factor. However, factors in social and elegance foundation, eye shadow and lipstick color according to changes in the perception of the image was much different. It appears that it is also necessary to consider the effect of color selection of foundation, eye-shadow and lipstick.

긴형 얼굴의 메이크업 형태 변화에 따른 이미지 연구

송서현 ( Seo Hyun Song ),박옥련 ( Oak Reon Park ) 한국미용학회 2010 한국미용학회지 Vol.16 No.1

The purpose of this research was to study on the facial image according to the characteristics of shape and the make-up style was made by computer graphic simulation. In order to find out the differences of face images by make-up style, five each different eye-brows and two groups of eye-shadow, three lip style were applied on the oblong face model. Make-up Image Scale was used the scale of seven point modified the S-D method. Data were analyzed by Varimax perpendicular rotation method, Duncan`s Multiple Range Test. As a result of form comparison of face type to make-up variations, the face type and eye-brow, eye-shadow, lip shapes were influenced interactively on facial images, statistical difference was appeared. Make-up image perception analysis, factor structure was classified as mildness factor, modernness, mildness, elegance, sociable. In terms of modernness factor, oblong form make-up style showed highest level. In modernness factor, eye-brow style is standard, eye shadow style is upward form but lip style is incurve one was highest. In mildness factor, eye-brow style is upward, eye shadow style is upward form but lip style is straight one was highest. In sociable factor, eye-brow style is angular, eye shadow style is upward form lip make-up style is outcurve form was highest. In elegance factor, eye-brow style is straight, eye shadow style is upward form but lip style is straight one was highest.

긴형 얼굴의 메이크업 색채 변화에 따른 형태 지각 차이 분석

송서현 ( Seo Hyun Song ),김은희 ( Eun Hee Kim ) 한국미용학회 2011 한국미용학회지 Vol.17 No.1

The purpose of this research is to study on the perception of face type to color of make-up was made by computer graphic simulation. The various facial images can be helpful for choosing suitable make-up color planning. The various facial image can be effected from shape differences and make-up style. To analyze the relation between facial color and eye-shadow and lip color by one oblong Shape and which made of standard of three (facial, eye-shadow, lip) Make-up color were applied. Make-up Image Scale was used the scale of seven point modified the S-D method. Data were analyzed by Duncan`s Multiple Range Test, Two-way ANOVA. As a result of form comparison of face type to make-up color variations, the facial color and eye-shadow, lip color were influenced interactively on the perception of face type. The foundation color was found out to be influential variable to distinguish color perception abilities. In conclusion, the foundation color, the shadow color and lipstick color perception evaluation was affected could be found, make-color light, the more face big show or short. The lipstick color give a crisp, solid impression rather than the eye shadow color.

H₂O₃과 물(H₂O) 클러스터들의 분자구조와 열역학적 안정성에 대한 이론적 연구

서현일,김종민,송희성,김승준,Seo, Hyun-il,Kim, Jong-Min,Song, Hui-Sung,Kim, Seung-Joon 대한화학회 2017 대한화학회지 Vol.61 No.6

$H_2O_3(H_2O)_n$ (n=1-5) 클러스터들에 대해서 밀도 범함수 이론(DFT)과 순 이론(ab initio) 방법을 cc-pVD(T)Z 바탕집합(basis set)과 함께 사용하여 가능한 여러 구조를 최적화하고 결합에너지와 조화진동수를 계산하였다. $H_2O_3$ 단량체의 경우 CCSD(T)/ccp-VTZ 이론 수준에서 트랜스(trans) 구조가 시스(cis) 구조보다 더 안정한 것으로 계산되었다. 클러스터에 대해서는 MP2/cc-pVTZ 수준까지 분자 구조를 최적화하고 열역학적으로 가장 안정한 분자구조를 예측하였다. 클러스터의 결합에너지는 CCSD(T)//MP2 수준에서 영점 진동에너지(ZPVE)와 바탕집합 중첩에러(BSSE)를 모두 보정한 후 n=1일 때 -6.39 kcal/mol 계산 되었으며 이 같은 결과는 $H_2O$와 $H_2O_2$의 물 클러스터 보다 더 좋은 수소 주게 즉 산(acid)으로서 작용할 것으로 기대된다. 물 분자 1개 당 평균 결합에너지는 n=2의 경우 8.25 kcal/mol, n=3일 때 7.22 kcal/mol, n=4의 경우 8.50 kcal/mol 그리고 n=5의 경우 8.16 kcal/mol로 계산되었다. The density functional theory(DFT) and ab initio calculations have been applied to investigate hydrogen interaction of $H_2O_3(H_2O)_n$ clusters(n=1-5). The structures, IR spectra, and H-bonding energies are calculated at various levels of theory. The $trans-H_2O_3$ monomer is predicted to be thermodynamically more stable than cis form at the CCSD(T)/cc-pVTZ level of theory. For clusters, the geometries are optimized at the MP2/cc-pVTZ level of theory. The binding energy of $H_2O_3-H_2O$ cluster is predicted to be -6.39 kcal/mol at the CCSD(T)//MP2/cc-pVTZ level of theory after zero-point vibrational energy (ZPVE) and basis set superposition error (BSSE) correction. This result implies that $H_2O_3$ is a stronger proton donor(acid) than either $H_2O$ or $H_2O_2$. The average binding energies per $H_2O$ are predicted to be 8.25 kcal/mol for n=2, 7.22 kcal/mol for n=3, 8.50 kcal/mol for n=4, and 8.16 kcal/mol for n=5.

H₂O_n-H₂O_m (n=1-4, m=1-4) 이중합체의 수소결합에 따른 구조적 특성 및 결합에너지에 관한 이론 연구

송희성,서현일,신창호,김승준,Song, Hui-Seong,Seo, Hyun-Il,Shin, Chang-Ho,Kim, Seung-Joon 대한화학회 2015 대한화학회지 Vol.59 No.2

Hydrogen polyoxide, $H_2O_n-H_2O_m$(n=1-4, m=1-4) 이중합체(dimer)의 분자 구조 변화에 따른 수소결합(H-bonding) 효과를 순 이론적(ab initio) 방법과 밀도 범함수 이론(DFT)으로 계산하였다. 분자 구조는 B3LYP, CAM-B3LYP, MP2의 양자역학적 방법들을 사용하여 최적화하였으며, 진동주파수를 계산하여 최저에너지(true local minimum) 구조인 것을 확인하였다. 보다 정확한 수소결합 에너지(${\Delta}E$) 계산을 위하여 CCSD(T) 이론수준에서 한 점(single-point) 에너지 계산을 하였으며, 영점 진동에너지(ZPVE) 보정과 바탕집합 중첩에러(BSSE) 보정을 하였다. CCSD(T)/cc-pVTZ 이론 수준에서 $H_2O_4-H_2O_3$이 8.18 kcal/mol로 가장 강한 결합을 나타내었으며, 물 이중합체($H_2O-H_2O$)는 3.00 kcal/mol로 가장 약한 결합에너지를 나타내었다. The DFT and ab initio calculations have been performed to elucidate hydrogen interaction of hydrogen polyoxide dimers, $H_2O_n-H_2O_m$ (n=1-4, m=1-4). The optimized geometries, harmonic vibrational frequencies, and binding energies are predicted at various levels of theory. The harmonic vibrational frequencies of the molecules considered in this study show all real numbers implying true minima. The higher-order correlation effect were discussed to compare MP2 result with CCSD(T) single point energy. The binding energies were corrected for the zero-point vibrational energy (ZPVE) and basis set superposition errors (BSSE). The largest binding energy predicted at the CCSD(T)/cc-pVTZ level of theory is 8.18 kcal/mol for $H_2O_4-H_2O_3$ and the binding energy of water dimer is predicted to be 3.00 kcal/mol.

유아교육과 신입생의 대학생활 적응에 관한 연구

서현(Seo Hyun),송선화(Song Sun-hwa) 한국열린유아교육학회 2010 열린유아교육연구 Vol.15 No.1

본 연구는 유아교육과 신입생들이 대학생활에 적응해 가는 과정과 경험의 의미를 밝히고자 이루어졌다. 이러한 목적을 달성하기 위하여 G광역시에 소재한 3년제와 4년제 대학의 유아교육과에 입학한 신입생 10명을 대상으로 심층면담을 통한 질적연구를 수행하였다. 자료분석은 Strauss와 Corbin(1998)이 제시한 근거이론 방법에 의해서 이루어졌다. 연구참여자들과의 심층면담을 통해 얻은 원자료를 지속적 비교방법을 통해 개방코딩을 한 결과 총 11개의 상위범주와 24개의 하위범주 그리고 108개의 개념을 추출하였다. 이를 요약해보면 유아교육과 신입생들은 타협적이거나 자발적인 선택에 의한 입학을 하였고, 대학생활에 대한 기대와 실망을 거듭하며 ‘혼란스러움’이라는 과정을 경험하였다. 자신에 대한 반추와 자신을 둘러싸고 있는 환경의 도움을 차츰 수용해 가며 ‘회피하기’, ‘현실 인식하기’, ‘재조명하기’ 등의 전략을 구사하였고, 그 결과로서 예비유아교사로서의 전문성을 신장하고 자신을 새롭게 다져가는 경험을 하였다. 신입생 적응과정의 핵심범주는 ‘나를 발견하고 더불어 함께함 속에서 전문성 찾아가기’였으며, 유형분석을 실시한 결과 세 가지의 유형으로 구분되었고, ‘자기실현형’, ‘수용형’, ‘자기만족형’으로 나타났다. This study was conducted to examine the meanings of the process and experience through which new students at the Department of Early Childhood Education adjusted themselves to their campus life. For this purpose, we had qualitative in-depth interviews with 10 new students who had entered the Department of Early Childhood Education at three year or four year colleges in G Metropolitan City. Data were analyzed by the grounded theory method proposed by Strauss and Corbin (1998). When raw data obtained from the in depth interviews with the participants were processed through open coding by the continuous comparison method, a total of 11 main categories, 24 subcategories, and 108 concepts were extracted. In summary, New students at the Department of Early Childhood Education chose their major out of a compromising or voluntary decision, and experienced the process of ‘confusion’ through repeated expectations and disappointments. In addition, ruminating over themselves and gradually accepting help from their surroundings, they used strategies such as ‘avoiding,’ ‘recognizing the realities’ and ‘re-illuminating,’ and as a consequence, they experienced improvement in their expertise as a future early childhood teacher and new consolidation of themselves. The key category of the new students’ adjustment process was ‘looking for specialty while finding the self and associating with others,’ and from the results of type analysis were identified three types, that is, ‘self realization type,’ ‘acceptance type,’ and ‘self?satisfaction type.’

중년여성들의 눈 메이크업 인식 및 선호형태

김은희 ( Eun Hee Kim ),송서현 ( Seo Hyun Song ) 한국미용학회 2013 한국미용학회지 Vol.19 No.2

This study is aimed to propose practical data for production of makeup images by investigating perception on makeup, preferred eye makeup and image and influential factors on satisfaction at makeup against middleaged women.The eyes make up a large portion of the face and it is not an overstatement to say that the eyes determine one`s image.The image of one`s face can be changed through eye makeup. For this, a questionnaire survey has been conducted against women aged 35~59 in Chungnam, Gyeonggido and Seoul, and research data were analyzed through frequency, percentage, crosstabulation and multiple response analysis. According to the analysis, makeup started with skin care. When asked why they put on makeup, ``to make myself more beautiful`` was most responded. When asked which part they are most concerned about for makeup, ``eyes`` were the highest. In eye makeup, womanly and mature image was most preferred. When asked why they are not satisfied with their eye makeup, ``unfamiliar eye shadow makeup`` was most responded. When asked what types of eyebrows they like most, ``big eyes with a double eyelid`` was most responded. According to the results above, many respondents believe that eye makeup has a significant effect on changes in personal images. Makeup considering thecharacteristics of facial shape is necessary to have a perfect makeup, and the results of this study would be useful as basic data for this makeup.

네일 관련 제품들의 프탈레이트 분석에 관한 연구

박신희 ( Sin-hee Rark ),송서현 ( Seo-hyeon Song ),김현주 ( Hyun-joo Kim ),조윤식 ( Youn-sik Cho ),김애란 ( Ae-ran Kim ),김범호 ( Beom-ho Kim ),홍미연 ( Mi-yeun Hong ),박상현 ( Sang-hyun Park ),윤미혜 ( Mi-hye Yoon ) 대한화장품학회 2019 대한화장품학회지 Vol.45 No.3

프탈레이트는 내분비계 교란 물질로서 성호르몬과 구조가 유사하여 주로 생식독성과 발달독성을 나타낸다. 이번 연구에서는 우리나라 화장품규제 물질인 3종 프탈레이트 이외 어린이제품 안전공통기준, EU 화장품 기준(EC No. 1223/2009) 등에서 규제하고 있는 프탈레이트 종류를 추가하여 총 11종 프탈레이트에 관하여 분석을 실시하였다. GC-MS/MS를 이용하여 분석조건을 설정하였고 분석방법에 대한 유효성 검증 결과 특이성, 직선성, 회수율, 정밀성, 정량한계 등을 만족하였다. 유효성이 검증된 시험방법을 이용하여 네일 화장품 및 네일 관련 제품 82건을 대상으로 분석을 실시하였다. 네일 폴리시에서는 DBP, BBP, DEHP, DPP, DIBP, DIDP 등 6종의 프탈레이트가 1.0 ∼ 59.8 ㎍/g의 농도로 검출되었으나 우리나라 화장품기준에 적합하였다. 인조손톱에서는 DIBP, DBP 2종에서 1.1 ∼ 2.6 ㎍/g, 글루에서 DBP, DEHP 2종 1.4 ∼ 2.5 ㎍/g, 스티커 DIBP, DBP, DEHP 3종에서 2.5 ∼ 33.3 ㎍/g 의 결과가 나왔고 ‘어린이제품 공통안전기준’을 적용시 모두 적합하였다. DIBP는 우리나라에는 규제물질이 아니지만 DBP (86.6%), DEHP (63.4%)에 이어 14.6%의 검출률을 나타내었다. 현재 우리나라 기준으로는 네일제품이 프탈레이트에 대해 안전하다고 판단되지만 비규제물질에 대한 지속적인 감시와 연구도 필요할 것으로 사료된다. Phthalates, endocrine disrupting chemicals, are similar in structure to sex hormones and mainly show reproductive toxicity and developmental toxicity. In this study, we analyzed 11 phthalates, including 3 kinds of phthalates prohibited in cosmetic use and 8 kinds of phthalates regulated in ‘Common standards for children’s products safety’ and EU cosmetic regulation (EC No. 1223/2009). The phthalate analysis was optimized using GC-MS/MS. In analytical method validation, this method was satisfied in specificity, linearity, recovery rate, accuracy and MQL. Therefore, we used this method to analyze 82 products of Nail cosmetics & polish. Although six phthalates such as DBP, BBP, DEHP, DPP, DIBP and DIDP were detected at concentrations of 1.0 ∼ 59.8 ㎍/g, they were suitable to Korean cosmetic standards. DIBP and DBP were detected at concentration of 1.1 ∼ 2.6 ㎍/g in artificial nail, DBP and DEHP were 1.4 ∼ 2.5 ㎍/g in glue for nails, and DIBP, DBP, and DEHP were 2.5 ∼ 33.3 ㎍/g in nail stickers. Although substances such as DBP and DEHP in artificial nail, Glue for nails, and nail stickers were detected, they were suitable to ‘Common safety standards for children’s products. DIBP is not a regulated substance in Korea but showed the third highest detection rate following DBP (84.6%) and DEHP (63.4%). The concentration of phthalates detected in nail products is considered to be safe in current standards but continuous monitoring and research about non-regulated substances are also needed to be considered.

적외선 자가형광 이미징을 이용한 수술 중의 부갑상선 위치확인

안예찬(Yeh-Chan Ahn),송서현(Seo Hyun Song),김성원(Sung Won Kim),이형신(Hyoung Shin LEE),옥철호(Chulho Oak),이강대(Kang Dae Lee) 대한기계학회 2015 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2015 No.11