Primary Metabolomic Changes in Rice Plants Grown under Different Levels of Food Waste-Livestock Manure Compost

성좌경,성좌경,김우진,김가은 한국토양비료학회 2022 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.55 No.4

Yearly increasing production of food waste is a great concern in Korea, and thus the use of processed-foodwaste as an alternative and/or additive resource to chemical fertilizer has been widely expanding. The foodwaste like a livestock manure includes abundant nutrients to promote crop growth and development, and theeffect on crop growth and yield was confirmed from a variety of studies. In this study, we focused on investingprimary metabolic perturbation affected by the application of food waste-livestock manure compost (FW LMC) for rice production. The experiment employed six different levels of fertilization; no fertilization (NF),standard fertilization (SF, RDA guide), soil diagnosis fertilization (SDF) and SDF + FW-LMC (three differentapplication levels, 1, 1.5 and 3.0 Mg ha-1). The rice (cv. Saechucheongbyeo) samples were taken at headingstage, carefully divided into the leaf blades and grains, and the targeted primary metabolites were profiled fromthe leaf blades and grains by GC-TOFMS. Glucose and fructose significantly declined in the leaf blade, andglucose, mannose and galactose tended to decrease in the grain, by contrast, sucrose was significantly greater. Pyroglutamic acid (increase in both organs), asparagine (increase in the leaf blade), β-alanine (increase in bothorgans) and tryptophan (increase in the leaf blade/decrease in the grain) were greatly perturbated. From theresults, in terms of primary metabolism-based rice growth, it is summarized that the addition of FW-LMC inchemical fertilization (SF and SDF) could perturb primary metabolism, and affect not only vegetative growth ofrice plants but also grain quality. Finally, the further study should be focused on understanding how the greaterinput of fertilization like the FW-LMC contributes grain qualities such as protein and amylose contents at theharvest stage.

과학기술 발전방식의 안출을 위하여

성좌경,Seong, Jwa-Gyeong 한국과학기술단체총연합회 1985 과학과 기술 Vol.18 No.6

산학협동의 바람직한 방안

성좌경,Seong, Jwa-Gyeong 한국과학기술단체총연합회 1973 과학과 기술 Vol.6 No.4

축사-과학기술 정책연구 세미나

성좌경,Seong, Jwa-Gyeong 한국과학기술단체총연합회 1980 과학과 기술 Vol.13 No.4

우리나라의 고분자과학과 기술의 개관 (1)

성좌경 한국고분자학회 1977 폴리머 Vol.1 No.1

有機티타늄化合物에 關한 硏究

성좌경,최삼권,Seong, Chwa-Kyeong,Choi, Sam-Kwon 대한화학회 1957 대한화학회지 Vol.4 No.1

The organic titanium compounds, $Ti(OR)_4\;and\;Cl_2Ti(OR)_2$ were prepared by adding theoretical amounts of $TiCl_4$ to ROH in the medium of $CCl_4$. Among the compounds of the above two types, the former $Ti(OR)_4$was polymerized by refluxing them with R·OH and water at ordinary temperature and the latter, $Cl_2Ti(OR)_2$, by adding water to them.

혼합상토에 기비로 혼합된 질소의 NH₄⁺:NO₃^- 비율이 배추의 플러그 묘 생장에 미치는 영향

성좌경,이누리,최종명,Sung, Jwa Kyung,Lee, Nu Ri,Choi, Jong Myung 한국원예학회 2016 원예과학기술지 Vol.34 No.5

상토에 기비로 혼합된 질소의 $NH_4{^+}:NO_3{^-}$ 비율이 '불암 3호' 배추의 플러그묘 생장에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위하여 본 연구를 수행하였다. 코이어 더스트:피트모스:펄라이트가 3.5:3.5:3(v/v/v)으로 혼합된 상토를 조제하는 과정에서 기비로 혼합된 질소 수준을 $300mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$으로 고정하고, $NH_4{^+}:NO_3{^-}$ 비율을 0:100, 27:73, 50:50, 73:27, 100:0으로 조절하였다. 각각의 $NH_4{^+}:NO_3{^-}$ 처리구에 다른 필수적인 비료는 동일하게 배합하여 72구 플러그트레이에 충전하였다. 배추 종자를 파종한 후, 2주와 4주 뒤에 지상부 생육을 조사하였다. 식물체내 무기원소 함량은 파종 4주 후 묘를 분석하였고, 매주 채취한 상토를 이용하여 무기원소 농도를 분석하였다. 파종 후 묘의 생장이 진행됨에 따라 상토의 pH가 점차 상승하고 EC가 낮아지는 경향을 보였다. 파종 2주 후 $NH_4{^+}$ 비율이 높았던 처리에서 $NO_3{^-}$ 비율이 높았던 처리들 보다 상토의 K, Ca, 및 Mg 농도가 높았지만 파종 4주 후 모든 처리에서 매우 낮은 농도로 분석되었고 처리간 차이도 뚜렷하지 않았다. 상토의 $NO_3{^-}$ 농도는 $NH_4{^+}:NO_3{^-}$(100:0) 처리에서 가장 낮았고, $NH_4{^+}:NO_3{^-}$(0:100) 처리에서 가장 높았으며, $NH_4{^+}$ 농도는 반대의 경향을 보였다. 파종 2주 후의 배추 유묘는 $NH_4{^+}:NO_3{^-}$ 비율을 27:73으로 조절한 처리에서 지상부 생체중 및 건물중이 가장 무거웠으며, 파종 4주 후에는 50:50으로 조절한 처리에서 가장 무거웠다. 100:0($NH_4{^+}:NO_3{^-}$)처리의 경우 발아 후 생존율이 약 19%였고, 생존한 식물체의 4주 후 지상부 생장도 가장 저조하였다. 이상의 결과는 배추 플러그 육묘시 식물이 어린 상태에서는 $NH_4{^+}$ 비율을 기비로 혼합된 총 질소의 25% 이하로, 식물이 어느 정도 생장한 상태이더라도 50% 이하로 조절하여야 $NH_4{^+}$ 독성을 방지할 수 있음을 의미한다. This research was conducted to evaluate the impact of various pre-planting $NH_4{^+}:NO_3{^-}$ ratios on the growth of plug seedlings of 'Bool-am No.3' Chinese cabbage. With fixation of the pre-planting N concentrations to $300mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$ in a peatmoss+coir dust+perlite (3.5:3.5:3, v/v/v) medium, the $NH_4{^+}:NO_3{^-}$ ratios were varied to 0:100, 27:73, 50:50, 73:27, 100:0. Then, the each of root media containing various ratios of $NH_4{^+}:NO_3{^-}$ as well as equal concentrations of other essential nutrients was packed into 72-cell plug trays. After seeds of 'Bool-am No.3' Chinese cabbage were sown, the seedling growths were measured 2 and 4 weeks after sowing. The weekly analysis of root media and end-crop tissue analysis for mineral nutrients 4 weeks after seed sowing were also conducted. As the seedlings grew up, the pH of the root media increased, however ECs in all treatments of $NH_4{^+}:NO_3{^-}$ ratios decreased. The concentrations of K, Ca and Mg in root media were higher in the treatments of $NH_4{^+}:NO_3{^-}$ (100:0) and $NH_4{^+}:NO_3{^-}$ (73:27) than those of $NH_4{^+}:NO_3{^-}$ (0:100) and $NH_4{^+}:NO_3{^-}$ (27:73) 2 weeks after seed sowing. But the concentrations of K, Ca, Mg and Zn were get lowered in all treatments and the differences among treatments were not significant 4 weeks after sowing. The highest $NH_4{^+}$ and lowest $NO_3{^-}$ concentrations of the root media were observed in the $NH_4{^+}:NO_3{^-}$ (100:0) among all treatments. Contrary to these, the treatment of $NH_4{^+}:NO_3{^-}$ (0:100) had the lowest $NH_4{^+}$ and highest $NO_3{^-}$ concentrations. The seedling growth in terms of fresh and dry weights of aerial part were the highest in the treatment of $NH_4{^+}:NO_3{^-}$ (23:73) at 2 weeks after sowing and those of $NH_4{^+}:NO_3{^-}$ (50:50) at 4 weeks after sowing. The survival rate of seedlings in $NH_4{^+}:NO_3{^-}$ (100:0) treatment were 19% and the growth of aerial part 4 weeks after sowing was the poorest among all treatments tested. The results mentioned above indicate that the pre-planting $NH_4{^+}$ ratio in inert media should not exceed 25% in plug stage 1 through 3 (until 2 true leaf development) and 50% in plug stage 4 (after 2 true leaves to transplant).

酸化還元樹脂에 關한 硏究 (第一報) Hydroquinone-Formaldehyde Resin 에 關하여

성좌경,김용준,Sung, Chwa-Kyung,Kim, Yong-Joon 대한화학회 1957 대한화학회지 Vol.4 No.1

Hydroquinone-formaldehyde resin prepared from hydroquinone, formaldehyde and hydrochloric acid as a catalyst was shown to be oxidized with ferric chloride solution and regenerated by stannous chloride solution. The influence of various conditions of preparation on the capacity of oxidation was studied. Results show that the concentration of a solution of hydroquinone has not any effects below 14 parts of water to 1 part of hydroquinone, by the after-heat-treatment for 5-6 hours at 100-120 deg. C. the capacity of oxidation is exhibited a maximum, and decreased as the mole ratio of hydroquinone to formaldehyde increase. The optimum conditions for the preparation of this resin are as follows: hydroquinone 1 part to distilled water 10 parts, mole ratio of formaldehyde 1.2 to hydroquinone 1, and 5 hours of after-heat-treatment at 120 deg. C. The maximum capacity under the above conditions is 13.99 meq/g-ersin.

Temporal Changes in N Assimilation and Metabolite Composition of Nitrate-Affected Tomato Plants

성좌경,이수연,이예진,김록영,이주영,이종식,옥용식 한국토양비료학회 2012 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.45 No.6

The role of inorganic nitrogen assimilation in the production of amino acids, organic acids and soluble sugars is one of the most important biochemical processes in plants, and, in order to achieve normally, nitrate uptake and assimilation is essential. For this reason, the characterization of nitrate assimilation and metabolite composition from leaves, roots and xylem sap of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) was investigated under different nitrate levels in media. Tomato plants were grown hydroponically in liquid culture under five different nitrate regimes: deficient (0.25 and 0.75 mM NO3-), normal (2.5 mM NO3-) and excessive (5.0 and 10.0 mM NO3-). All samples, leaves, roots and xylem sap, were collected after 7 and 14 days after treatment. The levels of amino acids, soluble sugars and organic acids were significantly decreased by N-deficiency whereas, interestingly, they remained higher in xylem sap as compared with N-normal and -surplus. The N-excessive condition did not exert any significant changes in metabolites composition, and thus their levels were similar with N-normal. The gene expression and enzyme activity of nitrate reductase (NR), nitrite reductase (NIR) and glutamine synthetase (GS) were greatly influenced by nitrate. The data presented here suggest that metabolites, as a signal messenger, existed in xylem sap seem to play a crucial role to acquire nitrate, and, in addition, an increase in α-ketoglutarate pathway-derived amino acids under N-deficiency may help to better understand plant C/N metabolism.

高分子物質의 熱分解에 關한 硏究 (第4報) Polyethylene 및 Polypropylene의 熱分解에 關하여

성좌경,노익삼,김정엽,장성봉,Chwa-Kyung Sung,Icksam Noh,Jung Yup Kim,Sung Bong Chang 대한화학회 1963 대한화학회지 Vol.7 No.2

Pyrolysis fo polyethylene and polypropylene has been studied in order to clarify the mechanism of chain scission and effect of oxygen on degradation. Rate of weight decrease was measured under nitrogen and air atmosphere at constant temperature for the samples of high density polyethylene, low density polyethylene and isotactic polypropylene, and then gaseous hydrocarbons produced from pyrolysis were analysed by gas chromatography. Although there is little substantial difference between composition of hydrocarbon gases from pyrolysis of high density polyethylene and low density polyethylene except some difference in quantity of total gas produced, gas composition from polypropylene pyrolysis differs from that of polyethylene pyrolysis. Gases from pyrolysis under air contain much more unsaturated hydrocarbons than those from pyrolysis under inert gas.