심근정지후 심근세포의 회복과정과 심근정지용액에 관한 연구

서창국,박소라,박혜수,이영호,강복순,Suh, Chang-Kook,Park, So-Ra,Park, Hye-Soo,Lee, Young-Ho,Kang, Bok-Soon 대한생리학회 1988 대한생리학회지 Vol.22 No.1

The changes in membrane potential and intracellular $Ca^{2+}$ activities along with adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and creatine phosphate (CP) contents of guinea pig hearts were studied during the cardioplegia and recovery phase. The results obtained were summarized as follows: 1) A low concentration of $Ca^{2+}$ in the cardioplegic solution caused significant changes in membrane potential during the cardioplegia and action potential configurations of the first beat after cardioplegia. 2) Intracellular $Ca^{2+}$ activities were decreased significantly during cardioplegia and increased when the cardiac tissue was reperfused with the normal Tyrode solution. The magnitude of increase in intracellular $Ca^{2+}$ activities was larger in the 0.1 mM $Ca^{2+}-cardioplegic$ solution than the 1.8 mM $Ca^{2+}-solution$. 3) ATP and CP contents of cardiac ventricular tissue were decreased during the cardioplegia, regardless of $Ca^{2+}$ concentration in the cardioplegic solutions, and CP contents were recovered with the reperfusion of normal Tyrode solution faster than those of ATP. And, there were no significant differences in the recovery of CP contents with different concentrations of $Ca^{2+}$ in the cardioplegic solutions tested, while the recovery of ATP contents was faster with $15mM\;K^{+},\;0.1mM\;Ca^{2+}$ cardioplegic solution. These results suggest that the $Ca^{2+}$ concentration in the cardioplegic solution is one of major factors influencing the recovery of cardiac tissue from the cardioplegia.

호흡생리의 최신지견

서창국(Chang Kook Suh) 한국항공우주의학협회 1996 항공우주의학회지 Vol.6 No.3

쥐의 좌심방에서 세포막을 통한 $Ca^{2+}\;Flux$에 영향을 주는 약물이 자극빈도-장력 곡선에 미치는 영향

김찬윤,안석균,서창국,강두희,Kim, Chan-Yun,Ahn, Sok-Kyun,Suh, Chang-Kook,Kang, Doo-Hee 대한생리학회 1989 대한생리학회지 Vol.23 No.2

Cardiac muscles show stimulation frequency-dependent tension changes i.e. Bowditch phenomenon and Woodworth phenomenon, the former is an increase of tension with the increase of stimulation frequency, whereas the latter is an increase of tension with a decrease of stimulation frequency. Bowditch phenomenon is seen in the range of frequency 1.0 cps and above, and Woodworth phenomenon below the frequency 1.0 cps in the most of mammalian cardiac atrium. To throw some light on the possible mechanism of both phenomena in rat atrium, influences of drugs affecting $Ca^{2+}$ influx through the plasma membrane $(verapamil,\;La^{3+},\;norepinephrine)$ and $Ca^{2+}$ release from sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) on frequency-tension curve were studied. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1) At low temperature $(27.5^{\circ}C)$, both Bowditch and Woodworth phenomenon were demonstrated. But Bowditch phenomenon disappeared at the temperature above $(32.5^{\circ}C)$. 2) At $(27.5^{\circ}C)$, in the presence of verapamil, a $Ca^{2+}$ channel blocker, a time course of change in the frequency-tension was studied. It was found that Bowditch phenomenon was affected before the Woodworth phenomenon, then the former was completely disappeared. At $(32.5^{\circ}C)$, where no Bow-ditch is seen in normal atrial muscle, Bowditch phenomenon was reappeared by an administration of norepinephrine suggesting again that slow inward current of such as $Ca^{2+}$ channel is closely related to Bowditch phenomenon. 3) At $27.5^{\circ}C$, in the presence of $La^{3+}$, although tensions were decreased at all stimulation frequencies, Bowditch and Woodworth phenomenon were still demonstrated. However in the presence of both $La^{3+}$ and verapamil, Bowditch phenomena was disappeared suggesting that $La^{3+}$ is less effective in blocking $Ca^{2+}$ channel than verapamil. 4) At $27.5^{\circ}C$, in the presence of ryanodine, an inhibitor of calcium release from SR, Woodworth phenomenon was disappeared, which was consistent with previous reports of others, suggesting that $Ca^{2+}$ release from SR is closely related to Woodworth phenomenon. From the above findings, it may be concluded that Bowditch phenomenon is dependent on the magnitude of $Ca^{2+}$ influx through slow channel and Woodworth phenomenon is dependent on the amount of $Ca^{2+}$ stored in SR.

심근 수축력 저하를 유발하는 Ryanodine의 작용 기전

안덕선(Ahn, Duck-Sun),서창국(Suh, Chang-Kook),강두희(Kang, Doo-Hee) 대한생리학회 1987 대한생리학회지 Vol.21 No.2

Since it has been known that ryanodine has a potent negative inotropic effect on the cardiac muscle contractility (Jenden and Fairhurst, 1968), ryanodine has been a subject of intensive research (Frank and Sleator, 1975; Jones et al, 1978; Sutko et al, 1985). However, the underlying mechanism for the ryanodine dependent negative inotropic effect is still uncertain. In this study, the effects of ryanodine on the generation and relaxation of contracture due to Na-withdrawal and on the force-frequency relationship of heart muscles isolated from rats and guinea pigs were measured in an effort to understand the underlying mechanism of the ryanodine-induced negative inotropy. Results are summerized as follows: 1 ) Ryanodine significantly reduced the contractility of heart muscles produced at low frequency of stimulation, but showed a little effect on the contractility at high frequency stimulation. 2) Ryanodine, at the concentrations ranging from 10^-6 M to 10^-8 M, had no significant effect on the Na-dependent relaxation of Na-withdrawl contracture. 3) Ryandoine significantly reduced the amplitude of the Na-withdrawl contracture, and this inhibitory effect was reinforced by procaine, antiagonized by caffeine and high potassium. From these results, it may be concluded that the negative inotropic effect of ryanodine is mainly due to an inhibition of calcium release from sarcoplasmic reticulum.

The Effects of Cardioplegic Solutions on the Energy Source of the Guinea Pig Heart

박혜수,박소라,이영호,김인숙,서창국,강복순,Park, Hye-Soo,Park, So-Ra,Lee, Young-Ho,Kim, In-Sook,Suh, Chang-Kook,Kang, Bok-Soon The Korean Physiological Society 1989 대한생리학회지 Vol.23 No.1

The changes in adenosine triphosphate (ATP), creatine phosphate (CP) and lactic acid (LA) contents of guinea pig hearts were studied during the cardioplegia and recovery phase. 1) ATP and CP contents in cardiac ventricular tissue were decreased during the cardioplegia, regardless of $Ca^{2+}$ concentration in the cardioplegic solutions, and CP contents were recovered with the reperfusion of normal Tyrode solution faster than those of ATP. And there were no significant differences in the recovery of CP contents with different concentration of $Ca^{2+}$ in the cardioplegic solutions tested, while the recovery of ATP contents was faster with 15 mM $K^{+}$, 0.1 mM $Ca^{2+}$ cardioplegic solutions. 2) LA contents were increased during the cardioplegia and decreased with the reperfusion of normal Tyrode solution. 3) The more recovery time (up to 3 hrs), the more CP contents were recovered with the reperfusion of normal Tyrode solution faster than those of ATP. And LA contents were decreased as the duration of recovery time. These results suggest that $Ca^{2+}$ and $K^{+}$ concentration in the cardioplegic solution is one of the major factors influencing the recovery of cardiac tissue from the cardioplegia. 심근정지용액의 조성이 심근정지 및 심근정지 후 회복기의 에너지원에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위해 guinea pig 심실 균질액에서 adenosine triphosphate (ATP), creatine phosphate (CP) 및 lactic acid (LA)의 변화를 관찰하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1) ATP 및 CP 양은 심근정지동안은 감소하고 회복기에는 다시 증가하였으며, 심근정지 후 정상용액으로 30분간 회복시켰을 때에는 ATP 양의 회복이 CP에 비해 느린것을 알 수 있었다. 2) LA 양은 심근정지동안은 증가하고 회복기에는 다시 감소하였다. 3) 심근정지 후 회복시간을 길게할수록 ATP 및 CP 양의 회복은 증가하였으며 CP 양이 더 많이 회복되었다. 4) LA 양도 회복시간을 길게할수록 감소하였다. 이상의 결과를 종합하여 볼 때, 심근정지용액의 $Ca^{2+}$ 및 $K^{+}$ 농도는 심근정지후 회복시 심근세포의 에너지원인 ATP, CP 및 lactic acid 양에 영향을 미친다고 생각된다. 이 연구 결과를 토대로 심근세포내 $Na^{+}$과 $H^{+}$ 활성도 변화 및 심근세포의 산증(acidosis)에 관한 연구를 첨가하면 심근정지시의 심근보호기전을 규명하는데 도움이 될 것으로 생각된다.

유사골모세포내의 Ca²⁺ 활성도 변화가 골형성에 미치는 영향

민병헌(Byoung Hyun Min),박소라(So Ra Park),김영배(Young Bae Kim),서창국(Chang-Kook Suh),김남현(Nam Hyun Kim) 대한정형외과학회 1996 대한정형외과학회지 Vol.31 No.4

공중근무자의 고밀도 지단백 함유량에 따른 최대산소섭취량과 골밀도 비교

남궁 영님(Yonglim NamKung),이용호(Yong-Ho Lee),서창국(Chang-Kuk Suh) 한국항공우주의학협회 2000 항공우주의학회지 Vol.10 No.1

쥐의 좌심방에서 세포막을 통한 Ca²⁺ Flux에 영향을 주는 약물이 자극빈도-장력 곡선에 미치는 영향

김찬윤(Kim, Chan-Yun),안석균(Ahn, Sok-Kyun),서창국(Suh, Chang-Kook),강두희(Kang, Doo-Hee) 대한생리학회 1989 대한생리학회지 Vol.23 No.2

Cardiac muscles show stimulation frequency-dependent tension changes i.e. Bowditch phenomenon and Woodworth phenomenon, the former is an increase of tension with the increase of stimulation frequency, whereas the latter is an increase of tension with a decrease of stimulation frequency. Bowditch phenomenon is seen in the range of frequency 1.0 cps and above, and Woodworth phenomenon below the frequency 1.0 cps in the most of mammalian cardiac atrium. To throw some light on the possible mechanism of both phenomena in rat atrium, influences of drugs affecting Ca²⁺ influx through the plasma membrane (verapamil, La³⁺, norepinephrine) and Ca²⁺ release from sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) on frequency-tension curve were studied. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1) At low temperature (27.5℃), both Bowditch and Woodworth phenomenon were demonstrated. But Bowditch phenomenon disappeared at the temperature above (32.5℃). 2) At (27.5℃), in the presence of verapamil, a Ca²⁺ channel blocker, a time course of change in the frequency-tension was studied. It was found that Bowditch phenomenon was affected before the Woodworth phenomenon, then the former was completely disappeared. At (32.5℃), where no Bow-ditch is seen in normal atrial muscle, Bowditch phenomenon was reappeared by an administration of norepinephrine suggesting again that slow inward current of such as Ca²⁺ channel is closely related to Bowditch phenomenon. 3) At 27.5℃, in the presence of La³⁺, although tensions were decreased at all stimulation frequencies, Bowditch and Woodworth phenomenon were still demonstrated. However in the presence of both La³⁺ and verapamil, Bowditch phenomena was disappeared suggesting that La³⁺ is less effective in blocking Ca²⁺ channel than verapamil. 4) At 27.5℃, in the presence of ryanodine, an inhibitor of calcium release from SR, Woodworth phenomenon was disappeared, which was consistent with previous reports of others, suggesting that Ca²⁺ release from SR is closely related to Woodworth phenomenon. From the above findings, it may be concluded that Bowditch phenomenon is dependent on the magnitude of Ca²⁺ influx through slow channel and Woodworth phenomenon is dependent on the amount of Ca²⁺ stored in SR.

활성 산소가 Adenosine Triphosphate에 의한 조골 세포내 Ca(2+) 활성도 변화에 미치는 영향

김진호 ( Jin Ho Kim ),권태동 ( Tae Dong Kwon ),남순호 ( Soon Ho Nam ),서창국 ( Chang Kook Suh ),홍용우 ( Yong Woo Hong ) 대한마취과학회 2003 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.44 No.4

심근 정지 용액이 심근의 에너지원에 미치는 영향

박혜수(Park, Hye-Soo),박소라(Park, So-Ra),이영호(Lee, Young-Ho),김인숙(Kim, In-Sook),서창국(Suh, Chang-Kook),강복순(Kang, Bok-Soon) 대한생리학회 1989 대한생리학회지 Vol.23 No.1

심근정지용액의 조성이 심근정지 및 심근정지 후 회복기의 에너지원에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위해 guinea pig 심실 균질액에서 adenosine triphosphate (ATP), creatine phosphate (CP) 및 lactic acid (LA)의 변화를 관찰하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1) ATP 및 CP 양은 심근정지동안은 감소하고 회복기에는 다시 증가하였으며, 심근정지 후 정상용액으로 30분간 회복시켰을 때에는 ATP 양의 회복이 CP에 비해 느린것을 알 수 있었다. 2) LA 양은 심근정지동안은 증가하고 회복기에는 다시 감소하였다. 3) 심근정지 후 회복시간을 길게할수록 ATP 및 CP 양의 회복은 증가하였으며 CP 양이 더 많이 회복되었다. 4) LA 양도 회복시간을 길게할수록 감소하였다. 이상의 결과를 종합하여 볼 때, 심근정지용액의 Ca²⁺ 및 K⁺ 농도는 심근정지후 회복시 심근세포의 에너지원인 ATP, CP 및 lactic acid 양에 영향을 미친다고 생각된다. 이 연구 결과를 토대로 심근세포내 Na⁺과 H⁺ 활성도 변화 및 심근세포의 산증(acidosis)에 관한 연구를 첨가하면 심근정지시의 심근보호기전을 규명하는데 도움이 될 것으로 생각된다. The changes in adenosine triphosphate (ATP), creatine phosphate (CP) and lactic acid (LA) contents of guinea pig hearts were studied during the cardioplegia and recovery phase. 1) ATP and CP contents in cardiac ventricular tissue were decreased during the cardioplegia, regardless of Ca²⁺ concentration in the cardioplegic solutions, and CP contents were recovered with the reperfusion of normal Tyrode solution faster than those of ATP. And there were no significant differences in the recovery of CP contents with different concentration of Ca²⁺ in the cardioplegic solutions tested, while the recovery of ATP contents was faster with 15 mM K⁺, 0.1 mM Ca²⁺ cardioplegic solutions. 2) LA contents were increased during the cardioplegia and decreased with the reperfusion of normal Tyrode solution. 3) The more recovery time (up to 3 hrs), the more CP contents were recovered with the reperfusion of normal Tyrode solution faster than those of ATP. And LA contents were decreased as the duration of recovery time. These results suggest that Ca²⁺ and K⁺ concentration in the cardioplegic solution is one of the major factors influencing the recovery of cardiac tissue from the cardioplegia.