국산박류의 사료적가치에 관한 연구 3 . 산지별 임자박과 다른 박류의 품질비교시험

백인기,한인규 ( In Kee Paik,In K . Han ) 한국축산학회 1976 한국축산학회지 Vol.18 No.1

An experiment was conducted to compare the nutritive value of five perilla oil meal (P.O.M.) samples of locally produced and soybean oil meal (S.B.O.M.), sesame oil meal (S.O.M.) and two rapeseed oil meal (R.O.M.) samples. A total of 450 broiler chickens were raised for the feeding trial (8 weeks) and successive metabolic trial. Results obtained are summarized as follows; 1. Significant differences in weight gain, feed intake and feed efficiency were observed among different local products of perilla oil meal. These differences seemed to be mainly caused by different metabolizable energy (ME) and lysine content. However, present data revealed that perilla oil meal could successfully be used as much as 20% in the diet when its relatively low energy content was compensated by animal fat. 2. Two of five P.O.M. fed groups and S.O.M. fed chicks (contained 10 to 9% P.O.M. or S.O.M. in combination with 15% S.B.O.M. in the ration) showed Letter growth rate than S.B.O.M. treatment which used S.B.O.M. as the sole vegetable protein source. Rapeseed oil meal treatment showed poorest growth rate and feed intake, although no significant enlargement of thyroid Gland was observed. It is thought that such results was caused by poor palatability and lower lysine content of experimental R.O.M. than that of normal R.O.M. 3. Different samples of P.O.M. contained different amount of proximate nutrients, amino acids composition, digestible energy (DE) for swine and especially in ME for chicken varying from 1,117 to 1,787 ㎉/㎏ on the dry matter basis. Unexpectedly low values of ME (1,110 ㎉/㎏) and DE (1,699 ㎉/㎏) were obtained for sesame oil meal. 4. Protein utilizability of S.B.O.M. treatment was lowest while nitrogen free extract (NFE) utilizability was highest of all treatments: Part of the reasons of poor protein utilizability may be attributed to the fact that S.B.O.M. had been stored for more than a year before it was used for experimental purpose.

방선균(Nocardia sp. CS682) 발효물의 급여가 육계의 생산성, 혈액성상, 면역글로불린 및 소장 내 미생물 함량에 미치는 영향

이아름(Ah Reum Rhee),신동훈(Dong Hun Shin),김찬호(Chan Ho Kim),정병윤(Byoung Yun Jung),유진철(Jin Chul Yoo),홍영호(Yong Ho Hong),백인기(In Kee Paik) 韓國家禽學會 2011 韓國家禽學會誌 Vol.38 No.1

이 실험은 방선균 목(目) 노카르디아 종 CS682 균주의 발효물 CS682와 이를 바탕으로 한 제품 DCS682<SUP>?</SUP>를 육계에게 급여 시 생산성, 혈액 성상, 소장 내 미생물, 면역성에 관한 효과를알아보기위해실시하였다. 시험1은갓부화한총240 수의 육계(ROSS<SUP>?</SUP>)를 공시하였으며, 처리는 대조구, 항생제구, CS682-0.25(CS682 0.25%), CS682-0.50, CS682-0.75, CS682-1.00 등 6처리였다. 각 처리구 간의 사료 요구율에 유의한(p< 0.05) 차이가 있었다. CS682-0.25 처리구는 항생제구와 다른 CS682 처리구들에 비해 0~2주 동안 사료 요구율이 유의적으로 감소했으나 대조구와는 차이가 없었다. 혈액성상에서는 CS682 처리구들이 MCV(mean corporal volume)에 유의한 영향을 미쳤다. 소장 내용물 중 E. coli 수는 항생제구가 가장 낮았고 다음으로 CS682구들 그리고 대조구였다. 시험 2는 갓부화한 총 1,000수의 육계(ROSS<SUP>?</SUP>)를 공시하였으며, 처리는 대조구, 항생제구, DCS682-0.05(DCS682<SUP>?</SUP>-0.05%), DCS682-0.1, DCS682-0.2 등 5처리였다. DCS682-0.2처리구는 DCS682-0.1 처리구에 비해 0~2주 폐사율이 유의적(P<0.05)으로 감소하였고, 대조구에 비해 0~5주 폐사율이 유의적(P<0.05)으로 감소하였다. 항생제구는 소장내 universal bacteria, Lactobacillus, Salmonella typhimurium 그리고 E. coli 수는 다른 처리구들에 비해 유의적으로 (P<0.05) 감소하였으며 DCS682 처리구들은 E. coli와 S. Typhimurium수에서 항생제 처리구보다는 높았으나 대조구보다는 낮았다. 결론적으로본시험의연구결과는CS682-0.25 또는DCS682-0.20을 육계 사료에 첨가 시 사료 요구율을 개선하는 경향이 있었고, 폐사율을 감소시키며 장내 유해 미생물을 억제하는 효과를 나타내었다. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation of CS682, a fermentation product of Actinomycetae Nocardia sp. CS682, and DCS682<SUP>?</SUP>, a commercial product, on the performance, blood parameters, small intestinal microflora, and immunoglobulin contents in broilers. In Exp. 1, a total of 240 ROSS<SUP>?</SUP> broiler chickens of 1d old were assigned to six dietary treatments: Control, Antibiotics (6 ppm avilamycin), CS682-0.25 (CS682 0.25%), CS682-0.50, CS682-0.75 and CS682-1.00. There were significant (p<0.05) differences among treatments in feed conversion. The CS682-0.25 treatment was significantly(p<0.05) lower than Antibiotics and other CS682 treatments in 0~2 wk feed conversion. The CS682 treatments influenced MCV (mean corpuscular volume) in blood. The cfu of Escherichia coli in small intestinal content was lowest in Antibiotics treatment followed by CS682 treatments and Control. In Exp. 2, a total of 1,000 ROSS<SUP>?</SUP> broiler chickens of 1 d old were assigned to five dietary treatments: Control, Antibiotics (6 ppm avilamycin), DCS682-0.05 (DCS682<SUP>?</SUP> 0.05%), DCS682-0.10 and DCS682-0.20. There were significant differences (p<0.05) among treatments in mortality. The DCS682-0.20 treatment was lower than DCS682-0.10 in 0~3 wk and lower than Control in 0~5 wk mortality. Antibiotics treatment was lowest in all microbial population in small intestinal content. The cfu of E. coli and Salmonella typhimurium of DCS682 treatments were higher than Antibiotics treatment but lower than the Control. The results of present broiler experiments indicated that supplementation of 0.20~0.25% CS682 and DCS682, improve feed conversion, mortality and control harmful intestinal microbes.

혼합 또는 단일 생균제가 산란계와 육계의 생산성, 소장내 미생물 균총 및 면역 체계에 미치는 영향

김찬호(Chan Ho Kim),우경천(Kyung Chun Woo),김근배(Geun-Bae Kim),박용하(Yong Ha Park),백인기(In Kee Paik) 韓國家禽學會 2010 韓國家禽學會誌 Vol.37 No.1

본 연구는 혼합 생균제의 첨가가 산란계와 육계의 생산성과 소장내 미생물, 면역체계에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위해 실시 하였다. 시험 1은 800수의 82주령 산란계(Hy-Line Brown<SUP>?</SUP>)를 5처리로 구성하여 실시하였다. 각각의 처리는 대조구, 항생제구(avilamycin 6 ppm), 생균제 PB-M(Micro-ferm<SUP>?</SUP>) 0.2%구, PB-L (Lactto-sacc<SUP>?</SUP>) 0.1%구, PB-Y(Y University probiotics) 0.2%구로 구성하여, 8반복 반복당 20수씩 완전 임의 배치하여 자유 섭식케 하였으며, 일반적인 점등 관리(자연 일조 + 조명= 16 h)를 실시하였다. 시험 2에서는 육계(Ross<SUP>?</SUP>) 1,000수를 공시하여 시험 1과 같은 처리로 구성하여 35일간 전기(0~3주), 후기(4~5주)로 나누어 실시하였으며, 처리당 4반복을 두어 반복당 50수씩 나누어 배치하였다. 시험 1에서는 계란 생산지수들 즉 일계 산란율과 생산지수, 난중, 연파란율, 사료 섭취량, 사료 요구율은 처리구 사이에서 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 강도와 난각 두께는 유의적인 차이가 있었는데, 항생제구와 생균제 처리구에서 증가하는 경향이 있었다. PB-Y구는 난각 강도, 난각 두께, 난각색, 난황색, Haugh unit에서 가장 높았는데 유의한 영향은 미치지 못했다. 시험 2에서는 전기간(0~5주) 증체량 및 폐사율은 처리구 사이에서 유의적인 차이는 없었지만, 0~3주 기간동안 PB-Y의 증체량이 대조구와 항생제구와 비교하여 낮게 나왔다. 전기간(0~5주)에서 항생제구의 사료 섭취량, 생산지수는 가장 높았고, 사료 요구율은 대조구보다 낮게 나왔다. 생균제 처리구들은 대조구와 비교하여 사료 섭취량과 사료 요구율에서는 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 시험 1에서 백혈구 수치 즉, 백혈구, 호중구, 림프구, 단핵구, 호산구, 스트레스지수는 산란계에서 유의적인 차이가 있었다. 항생제구와 생균제구는 모든 수치에서 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 시험 2에서는 오직 스트레스지수에서만 항생제구에서 유의적으로 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 시험 1에서 IgG 농도는 PB-M과 PB-L구에서 유의적으로 증가하였다. E. coli 수는 항생제구, PB-L구, 그리고 PB-Y구에서 유의적으로 감소하였다. 시험 2에서 조지방 이용률이 생균제 처리구에서 유의적으로 감소하였다. 결론적으로 산란계에서는 생균제의 처리구들에서 난각 두께와 강도가 증가하였고, 육계에서는 생산 지수는 증가하고, 사료 요구율은 감소하였다. 백혈구 지수는 산란계에서 항생제와 생균제 처리구에서 증가하는 경향이 있었다. E. coli는 산란계에서 감소하는 경향을 보였으며, 육계에서는 생균제 처리구들이 조지방 이용률에서 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 혈액지수와 소장내 미생물은 육계보다 산란계에서 더 예민하게 반응하는 경향을 보였다. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation of multiple probiotics on the performance, small intestinal microflora and immune response in laying hens and broilers. In Exp.1, a total of 800, 82 wk old Hy-line Brown<SUP>?</SUP> laying hens were assigned to one of the following five dietary treatment; Control, Antibiotics (avilamycin 6 ppm), Probiotics; PB-M (Micro-ferm<SUP>?</SUP> 0.2%), PB-L (Lacto-sacc<SUP>?</SUP> 0.1%), PB-Y (Y University probiotics 0.2%). Each treatment was replicated eight times with 20 birds in each replicate and two birds were housed in each cage. Twenty birds units were arranged according to completely randomized block design. Feeding trial lasted 6 wk under 16 h lighting regimen. The Exp. 2, was conducted with a total of 1,000 broilers chicks (Ross?). They were divided into five treatments, same as those of Exp. 1. Birds were fed starter (0~3 wk) and grower (4~5 wk) diets. Each treatment was replicated four times with 50 birds per pen comprising of deep litter. In Exp. 1, egg production parameters, such as hen-day and hen-house egg production, egg weight, broken and soft shell egg production, feed intake and feed conversion were not significantly different among treatments. However, strength and thickness of eggshell were significantly (P<0.05) different. Among the probiotics, PB-Y showed the highest strength and thickness of eggshell. Eggshell color, egg yolk color and Haugh unit were not significantly influenced. In Exp. 2, overall weight gain (0~5 wk) and mortality were not significantly different among treatments. However, weight gain of birds from PB-Y treatment during starter (0~3 wk) was significantly lower than the birds from Control and Antibiotic treatment. During the whole period (0~5 wk), birds from Antibiotics treatment had higher feed intake and Production Index (PI) and lower feed conversion than birds from Control treatment. Probiotics treatments were not significantly different from the Control on feed intake and feed conversion. In Exp.1, there were significant (P<0.05) differences in leukocytes parameters, such as white blood cell (WBC), hetrophil (HE), lymphocytes (LY), monocyte (MO), eosinophil (EO) and stress index (SI; HE/LY) in the blood of layers. Birds from Antibiotics and probiotics treatments tended to increase these parameters. In Exp. 2, however, only SI was significantly (P<0.05) decreased in Antibiotics treatments. Concentration of serum immunoglobulin (IgG) were higher (P<0.05) in PB-M and PB-Y treatments when compared with Control treatment in Exp. 1. The population of E. coli significantly (P<0.05) decreased in birds from Antibiotics, PB-L and PB-Y treatments when compared with birds from Control treatment in Exp. 1. Metalbolizability of crude fat decreased significantly (P<0.05) in birds from probiotic treatments in Exp. 2. It was concluded that the response of probiotics on the productivity of layers and broilers were different. Probiotics increased strength and thickness of eggshell in layers, and decreased feed conversion and increased PI in broilers. Leukocytes and IgG tended to increase by supplementation of antibiotics and probiotics in layers. Intestinal E. coli tended to decrease in layers. Digestibility of crude fat of diet decreased in probiotics treatments broilers. Parameters of blood and microbial were more sensitive in layers than broilers.

방선균(Nocardia sp. CS682) 발효물의 급여가 산란계의 생산성, 혈액성상, 면역글로불린 및 소장내 미생물 함량에 미치는 영향

이아름(Ah Reum Rhee),신동훈(Dong Hun Shin),김찬호(Chan Ho Kim),정병윤(Byoung Yun Jung),유진철(Jin Chul Yoo),홍영호(Young Ho Hong),백인기(In Kee Paik) 韓國家禽學會 2011 韓國家禽學會誌 Vol.38 No.1

본 연구는 방선균 목 노카르디아 종 CS682 균주의 발효물 CS682와 이를 바탕으로 한 제품 DSC682<SUP>?</SUP>를 산란계에게 급여 시 산란 생산성, 난품질, 혈액 성상, 소장 내 미생물, 면역성에 미치는 효과를 알아보기 위해 실시하였다. 실험은 Hy-Line Brown<SUP>?</SUP> 갈색 산란계로 실시하였는데, 실험 1은 86주령, 실험 2는 26주령의 실험계를 2단 4열 2수 케이지에 수용하여 실시하였다. 실험 1은 대조구, 항생제구(avilamycin 6 ppm), CS 682-0.1(CS682 0.1%), CS682-1.0(CS682 1.0% 첨가) 등 4처리였으며, 5반복, 반복당 24수(12케이지), 총 480수로 실시하였고, 실험2는대조구, 항생제구(avilamycin 6 ppm), DCS682-0.05(DCS682<SUP>?</SUP> 0.05%), DSC682-0.1(DCS682<SUP>?</SUP> 0.1%), 그리고 DCS 682-0.2(DCS682<SUP>?</SUP> 0.2% 첨가) 등 5처리였으며 5반복, 반복당 40수(20케이지), 총 1,000수로 실시하였다. 실험 1에서는 산란율, 난중, 연 · 파란율, 사료 섭취량, 사료 전환율 등 산란 생산성에는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 난품질에서 난각 강도는 항생제구와 CSC682 처리구들이 유의적(p<0.05)으로 높았으며, 난황색은 CSC682-1.0 처리구가 유의적(p<0.05)으로 높았다. 실험 2에서는 산란 생산성에서 사료 섭취량이 DCS682- 0.05구가 대조구와 비교하여유의적(p<0.05)으로낮았다. 난각색에서Hunter Lab color L(Lightness) 즉밝기가항생제구와DCS682 처리구들이 유의적(p<0.05)으로 낮았다. 난황색은 DCS682-0.1~0.2구들이 유의적(p<0.05)으로 높았으며, Haugh unit은 항생제구와 DCS682-0.1구가 유의적(p<0.05)으로 높았다. 실험 1과 2에서 혈장 면역글로부린(IgG, IgA) 및 난황 면역그로부린(IgY)의함량은처리구간에유의한차이가없었다. 실험1에서 erythrocytes 중 평균 적혈구 용적(MCV)은 대조구가 유의적(p<0.05)으로 높았으며, 평균 적혈구 혈색소량(MCH)은 항생제구가 유의적으로 높았다. 실험 2에서는 leukocytes 중 단핵구(MO)에서 대조구와 DCS682-0.05구가 유의적으로(p<0.05 또는 0.01) 높았다. 실험 1에서 C. perfringens수는 항생제구에서 대조구와 비교하여 유의적으로(p<0.05) 감소하였다. S. typhimurium수는 유의적으로(p<0.05) 차이가 있었는데 항생제구가 가장 낮았고 다음으로 CS682 처리구들이었으며 대조구에서 가장 높았다. Universal bacteria, Lactobacillus 그리고 E. coli의 수는 처리간에 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 실험 2에서는 Lactobacillus 수가 DCS682-0.05와 DCS682-0.1구들에서 유의적으로(p<0.05) 높았고 다음으로 대조구와 DCS682-0.2 첨가구였으며 항생제구가 가장 낮았다. C. perfringens 수는 항생제구에서 대조구와 비교하여 유의적(p<0.05)으로 감소하였다. S. Typhimurium은 처리간에 유의적인(p<0.05) 차이가 있었는데 항생제구가 가장 낮았고 다음으로 DCS682-0.2이었으며, DCS682-0.05와 0.1구들은 대조구보다는 낮았으나 유의한(p<0.05) 차이는 없었다. 결론적으로 CS682 0.1% 또는 DCS682 0.1~0.2% 첨가는 난각 강도, 난황색, 난각색, Haugh unit를 개선시키고, 소장 내 유해 미생물을 억제하는 긍정적인 효과를 보였다. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation of CS682, a fermentation product of Actinomycetae(Nocardia sp. CS682), and its commercial product DSC682<SUP>?</SUP> on the performance, blood parameters, intestinal microflora, and immune response in laying hens. Hy-Line Brown<SUP>?</SUP> laying hens were housed in two bird cages. Feeding trial lasted 5 wk under 16.5 h:7.5 h(L:D) lighting regimen. In Exp.1, a total of 480 birds of 86 wk old were assigned to four dietary treatments: Control, Antibiotics (6 ppm avilamycin), CS682-0.1 (CS682 0.1%) and CS682-1.0 (CS682 1.0% supplementation). Each treatment was replicated five times with 24 birds (or 12 cages) per replication. In Exp. 2, a total of 1,000 birds of 26 wk old were assigned to five dietary treatments: Control, Antibiotics (6 ppm avilamycin), DCS682-0.05 (DCS682 0.05%), DCS682-0.1 (DCS682 0.1%), DCS682-0.2 (DCS682 0.2% supplementation). Each treatment was replicated five times with 40 birds (or 20 cages) per replication. In Exp. 1, there were no significant differences among treatments in egg production, egg weight, broken & soft egg production, feed intake, and feed conversion ratio. Also, there were no significant differences among treatments in eggshell thickness, eggshell color and Haugh unit. However, eggshell strength was significantly (p<0.05) greater in CS682 and Antibiotics treatments than Control, and egg yolk color was significantly (p<0.05) higher in CS682-1.0 than Control. In Exp. 2, feed intake was significantly (p<0.05) lower in DSC682-0.05 than Control. Lightness(L) of Hunter Lab color of eggshell of DCS and Antibiotics treatments was significantly (p<0.05) lower than Control. Egg yolk color of DCS 0.1 and 0.2 treatments was significantly (p<0.05) higher than Control. Haugh unit increased significantly (p<0.05) in Antibiotics and DCS682-0.1 treatments. The immunoglobulin levels of plasma (IgG and IgA) and eggyolk (IgY) were not significantly affected by treatments. Antibiotics and CS682 or DCS682 treatments significantly (p<0.05 or 0.01) influenced some of the erythrocytes and leukocytes parameters in blood. In Exp.1, mean corpuscular volume (MCV) decreased by CS682 treatments and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) was highest in Antibiotics treatments. In Exp.2, the level of monocyte (MO) decreased in DCS682-0.10 and 0.20 treatments. The cfu of C. perfringens and S. typhimurium in small intestinal content were highest in Control and lowest in Antibiotics in both experiments. In Exp. 2, DSC682-0.05 and -0.1 treatments were highest and Antibiotic treatment was lowest in Lactobacilli spp. The results of the present layer experiments indicated that supplementation of 0.1~0.2% CS682 or DCS682 may increase eggshell strength, color of eggshell and eggyolk, Haugh unit, and control harmful intestinal microbes.

구리 공급원들(Cu Sulfate, Cu-Methionine, Cu-Soy Proteinate)의 첨가가 육계의 생산성에 미치는 영향

이문구(Mun Ku Lee),김찬호(Chan Ho Kim),신동훈(Dong Hun Shin),정병윤(Byoung Yun Jung),백인기(In Kee Paik) 韓國家禽學會 2011 韓國家禽學會誌 Vol.38 No.2

본 연구는 구리 공급원들이 육계의 생산성, 영양소 이용률, 혈액 성상 및 근육과 간의 광물질 함량에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해 Cu sulfate, Cu-soy proteinate(Cu-SP), Cu-methionine chelate(Cu-Met)를 비교시험하였다. 육계(Ross<SUP>?</SUP>) 1,000수를 공시하여 4처리 5반복으로 반복당 50수씩 완전 임의 배치하여 자유 섭식케 하였으며, 35일간 전기(0~3주), 후기 (4~5주)로 나누어 실시하였다. 처리구들은 대조구, Cu sulfate (CuSO₄ · 5H₂O으로 Cu 200 ppm), Cu-Met(Cu-methione chelate 으로 Cu 200 ppm), Cu-SP(Cu-soy proteinate으로 Cu 200 ppm) 등 총 4처리였다. 증체량에서는 후기와 全사양 시험 기간 동안 구리 첨가구들이 대조구와 비교하여 유의적으로(p<0.01, 후기; p<0.05, 全사양 시험 기간) 높았으며, 사료 섭취량에서는 전기에서 Cu-Met가 대조구에 비해 유의적으로(p<0.01) 적었다. 사료 요구율(FCR)은 全시험 기간 동안구리 첨가구들이 대조구에 비해 유의적으로(p<0.01) 낮았다. 생산지수(PEF)는 구리 첨가구들이 대조구와 비교하여 유의적으로(p<0.01) 높았다. 영양소 이용률은 처리간에 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈중 백혈구(WBC) 와 호산구(EO)의 수는 구리 첨가구들이 낮았으며, 다른 leukocytes와 erythrocytes는 처리간에 유의한 차이가 없었다. 근육 내 구리 함량은 유의한 차이가 없었으나, 가슴과 날개 근육 내 아연 함량은 구리 첨가구들에서 감소하였으나, 다리근육에서는 Cu sulfate 구에서 증가하였다. 간 내 구리 함량은 구리 첨가구들이 대조구와 비교하여 유의적으로(p<0.01) 높았다. 결론적으로 Cu sulfate, Cu-Met, Cu-SP는 육계의 증체율과 사료 요구율을 유의하게 개선하였으며, Cu 200 ppm 첨가 수준에서 Cu 공급원들 간에는 유의한 차이가 없었다. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation of Cu-sulfate, Cu-methionine chelate (Cu-Met) and Cu-soy proteinate (Cu-SP) on the performance, blood parameters and mineral contents of muscle. It was conducted with a total of 1,000 one d old broilers chickens (Ross<SUP>?</SUP>) which were assigned to four dietary treatments; Control, Cu sulfate (200 ppm Cu as CuSO₄ · 5H₂O), Cu-Met (200 ppm Cu as Cu-methionine chelate), Cu-SP (200 ppm Cu as Cu-soy proteinate). There were significant differences (p<0.05) among treatments in weight gain. Weight gain of Cu treated groups were higher than the control during 3~5 wk. There were significant differences (p<0.05) among treatments in feed intake during 0~3 wk. Cu-Met was significantly (p<0.05) lower than the control but the differences among Cu treatments were not significant. There were significant differences (p<0.05) among treatments in feed conversion rate (FCR). Cu treated groups were lower than the control during the whole period. Production efficiency factor (PEF) was significantly higher (p<0.01) in Cu treated groups than the control. Nutrient availabilities of diets were not significantly different among the treatments. The count of white blood cell (WBC) and eosinophil (EO) were lower in Cu-SP treatment than in the control. Copper concentration in the liver was significantly (p<0.01) higher in Cu treated groups than the control. Zinc concentration in the breast and wing muscle was lower in Cu treated and that of leg muscle was higher in Cu-Met than the control. The result of this experiment showed that Cu supplementation at the level of 200 ppm as Cu sulfate, Cu-Met and Cu-SP improves weight gain (4~5 wk), FCR and PEF. Differences among Cu sources were not significant.

Copper-soy Proteinate의 첨가가 채란계의 생산성에 미치는 영향

이문구(Mun Ku Lee),김찬호(Chan Ho Kim),신동훈(Dong Hun Shin),정병윤(Byoung Yun Jung),백인기(In Kee Paik) 韓國家禽學會 2011 韓國家禽學會誌 Vol.38 No.3

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation of copper-soy proteinate (Cu-SP) on the performance of laying hens. A total of 1,000 Hy-Line Brown laying hens of 32 wks old were assigned to one of the following 5 dietary treatments: Control, Cu-SP 50, 100, 150, 200 (50, 100, 150, 200 ppm Cu supplementation as Cu-soy proteinate). Each treatment was replicated 4 times with fifty birds per replication, housed in 2 birds cages. Fifty birds units were arranged according to randomized block design. Feeding trial lasted 5 wks under 16L : 8D lighting regimen. There were no significant differences among treatments in hen-day and hen-house egg production, egg weight, broken & soft egg production. Feed intake and feed conversion rate (FCR) were significantly (P<0.01) lower in Cu-SP treated groups than Control. Eggshell thickness was significantly (P<0.01) higher in Control than Cu-SP 100, 150 and 200. Egg yolk color index was significantly (P<0.01) higher in Cu-SP 200 than other treatments. Egg shell color index was significantly (P<0.05) higher in Cu-SP 150 and Cu-SP 200 than Cu-SP 100. Concentration of copper, iron and zinc of the egg yolk were not significantly influenced by treatment. There were no significant differences in the level of leukocytes and erythrocytes in the chicken blood. The result of this experiment showed that dietary supplementation of Cu-SP at the level of 50ppm of Cu can reduce feed intake and FCR.

한국의 사료안전성 관련 법체계와 금후과제

백인기(In Kee Paik) 한국동물자원과학회 ( 구 한국축산학회 ) 1999 사료의 안전성 제고를 위한 품질관리제도 국제심포지엄 보고서 Vol.- No.-

사료의 곡류조성 ( 수수 , 수수 + 옥수수 , 옥수수 ) 이 육계 , 돼지 및 한우의 생산성에 미치는 영향

백인기(In Kee Paik),문윤영(Yun Young Moon),이종복(Jong Bok Lee),(Bruce Boren) 한국축산학회 1989 한국축산학회지 Vol.31 No.8

Effects of grain composition of feeds on the performance of broiler chickens, swine and Korean native bulls were tested. Least-cost diets formulated to be isocaloric and isonitrogenous contained one of the 3 grain sources; U.S. No. 2 Yellow Grain Sorghum, U.S. No. 3 Yellow Dent Corn, and a 50:50 combination of sorghum and corn. Broiler chickens fed sorghum+corn diet showed more weight gain(p$lt;0.05) and better feed efficiency than the birds fed either sorghum diet or corn diet. Pigs fed sorghum diet and sorghum-corn diet showed significantly more weight gain(p$lt;0.01) and more feed intake(p$lt;0.05) than those fed corn diet. Feed efficiency of the pigs fed sorghum + corn diet was highest followed by corn diet and sorghum diet but they were not significantly different. Cattle fed sorghum diet and sorghum+corn diet gained significantly (p$lt;0.05) more weight than those fed corn diet. Feed efficiency of the tattles were not significantly influenced but those fed corn diet tended to be lower than others. Overall, combination of sorghum and corn showed best results indicating synergistic effect of two grain sources and there were species differences in the response to sorghum and corn. The results of cattle expriment indicates that difference of TDN values of sorghum and corn may not as great as expected.

우리나라 사료산업의 문제점과 발전방향 - 단위가축산물의 품질제고를 위한 과제 -

백인기 ( In Kee Paik ) 한국영양사료학회 1993 제5회 사료가공 단기과정 Vol.- No.-

국산박류의 사료적가치에 관한 연구 4 . 육성돈에 대한 국산박류의 사료가치 비교시험

한인규,백인기,하종규 ( In K . Han,In Kee Paik,Jong K . Ha ) 한국축산학회 1976 한국축산학회지 Vol.18 No.5

A total of 60 Landrace x Yorkshire crossbreds were employed to compare the nutritive values of locally produced soybean oil meal, perilla oil meal, rapeseed oil meal and sesame oil meal in growing-finishing swine rations. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. Proximate compositions and amino acid contents of four oil meal samples used in this experiment were not significantly different from those reported in previous reports. However, crude fiber content of perilla oil meal and amino acid contents of sesame oil meal were much lower than the other oil meals studied. 2. Present data revealed that pigs fed soybean oil meal showed the best growth rate followed by those fed perilla oil meal, rapeseed oil meal and sesame oil meal. Pigs fed soybean oil meal and perilla oil meal consumed more feed than rapeseed meal-fed group indicating that rapeseed oil meal had the poorest palatability. The best feed conversion rate(3.44) was obtained from soybean oil meal-fed group and the poorest result(4.16) was obtained from sesame oil meal-fed group. 3. The nutrients digestibilities of sesame oil meal were poorer than the other oil meals with an exception of nitrogen free extract. However, no significant difference was detected among other nil meals. 4. Carcass from pigs fed sesame oil meal strowed lower dressing percentage and smaller loin eye area compared with those of pigs fed the other oil meals. The backfat thickness of pigs fed soybean oil meal was thickest followed by perilla oil meal, However, pigs fed rapeseed oil meal and sesame oil meal showed same backfat thickness. 5. The results of economic analysis indicated that the least amount of feed per unit gain was required by pigs fed soybean oil meal, and far more feed (about 20%) was required by pigs fed sesame oil meal to reach the same body weight. It is concluded that locally-produced ail meals would have nutritive values in order of soybean oil meal, perilla oil meal, rapeseed oil meal and sesame oil meal.