네일미용 종사자의 직무스트레스와 이직의도

방효진 대한미용학회 2017 대한미용학회지 Vol.13 No.4

For employees, nail beauty work requires emotional labor and delicate skills. Turnover of nail salon workers is often due to job stress. This study was conducted to investigate the correlation between job stress and turnover intention. A survey was performed on 382 nail salon workers in Seoul and Gyeonggi province. After factor analysis, correlation analysis, and regression analysis, the following results were obtained. First, turnover number increased in order of these stresses: customer relations, technical training, and work environment. In addition, the difference in the turnover rate increased in the order of information search and turnover plan. The correlation analysis for job stress and turnover intention showed that there was a significant correlation, in order of highest to lowest significance, in customer relations, work environment, peer relationship, and technical training. The correlation analysis between job stress and information search indicated, in order of highest to lowest significance, a significant correlation in customer relations, work environment, peer relationship, and technical training. Multiple regression analysis of job turnover rates per job stress factors showed that workers sought to relocate to a new place or different job when they were stressed about customer relations and work environment. When workers were stressed about customer relations, they tended to search for information about other occupations and workplaces. Therefore, it is imperative to improve customer relations and the work environment for nail salon workers. To permanently reduce the turnover rate of nail salon workers, measures to reduce job stress should be introduced based on the results of this study. 본 연구는 네일미용 종사자의 직무스트레스와 이직의도를 조 사한 연구이며, 직무에 대한 스트레스가 이직의도에 어떠한 관 련성 및 영향을 미치는지 규명하기 위한 연구이다. 이를 위해 서울과 경기도 소재의 네일미용 종사자 382명을 대상으로 자료 수집을 통해 분석하였으며, 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 첫째, 네일미용 종사자의 이직경험 횟수는 전체 응답자 중 62.8%의 비율로 이직에 대한 경험이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 네일미용은 섬세한 작업과정과 응대서비스를 제공하는 직업으로 고객관리에 대한 스트레스 및 시간외 근무, 낮은 급 여, 휴식시간 부족, 숍 내의 기술교육 미흡 등의 열약한 조건에 대한 스트레스를 많이 받을수록 이직경험의 빈도가 상대적으로 높은 것을 알 수 있었다. 또한 자신이 근무하는 숍과 다른 숍의 환경을 비교하고, 이직계획을 수립하는 종사자일수록 이직경험 의 빈도가 높아짐을 알 수 있었다. 셋째, 네일미용 종사자의 직무에서 고객관계, 근무환경에 대 한 스트레스를 받을 때 다른 직종 및 직장으로 이직계획을 생 각하는 현상이 나타나고 있으며, 또한 직무 중 고객관계에 대한 스트레스를 받을 때 다른 직종 및 직장에 대한 정보탐색을 하 는 것을 알 수 있었다. 이는 관리자 입장에서 고객에 대한 지나 친 기대감과 비우호적인 태도를 경험할 때, 이직을 계획하는 동 시에 다른 근무지에 대한 정보를 탐색하는 것을 알 수 있었으 며, 시간외 근무, 낮은 급여, 휴식시간 부족 등의 근무환경으로 인해 스트레스를 받을 때, 다른 근무지에 대한 근무조건 및 정 보를 탐색하는 것을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구에서의 네일미용 종사자는 고객들의 손·발을 매우 집중력 있게 관리하는 동시에 고객의 아름다움과 기분을 만족 시켜야 하는 감정노동 직업으로서, 네일미용 숍의 고객관리, 근 무환경, 직원간의 관계에 대한 스트레스에 노출됨에 따라 이직 경험이 높아짐을 알 수 있었다. 특히 네일미용 직무에서 고객과 의 관계 및 근무환경의 취약함에 따라 이직의도에 직접적인 영 향이 있었는데, 이러한 문제점을 중심으로 시스템의 개선이 절 실함을 시사하고 있으며, 이러한 개선을 통해 네일미용 종사자 의 이직을 방지하고 직무를 만족시킬 수 있는 동시적인 효과가 있을 것이라 기대하는 바이다

여대생의 페디큐어관리행동에 따른 심리적 기대효과 연구

방효진 한국피부과학연구원 2013 대한피부미용학회지 Vol.11 No.4

We have studied what effects to the psychologically expected effect associated with pedicure against college girl students in Dae-Jeon and North Jeolla Province, The following results were obtained: The result of factor analysis of the pedicure management behavior and the psychologically expected effect is that the pedicure management behavior was a factor of ‘self-expression’. and the psychologically expected effect was a factor of ‘positive feeling’ as the most important evaluation factor. When comparing the recognition difference of the need for pedicure in pedicure management behavior and psychologically expected effect, it turns out that the people with ‘self-expression’ make a large difference in the need for pedicure, and the people with ‘positive feeling’ and ‘rising sense of accomplishment’ make the largest difference among them. When we performed a correlation analysis of each factor, the factor of ‘self-expression’ had a high correlation with the factor of ‘psychological relaxation’ and ‘rising sense of accomplishment’. However, the factor of ‘fashion-oriented’showed slightly lower relevance to the factor of ‘positive feeling’ and ‘psychological relaxation’, and the factor of ‘consciousness of others’ also had a low relevance to the factor of ‘psychological relaxation’ and ‘rising sense of accomplishment’. The result of examining the effects of pedicure management behavior on the psychologically expected effect appeared that it has the greatest effect to ‘rising sense of accomplishment’ to work for people with high ‘self-expression’ as well as the people with ‘psychological relaxation’ and ‘positive feeling’. Also, it has a certain effect to ‘improved self-confidence’ and ‘psychological relaxation’ in social life for those who with ‘consciousness of others’ tendency. Lastly, it has the same to ‘psychological relaxation’ and ‘positive feeling’ for people with ‘fashion-oriented’ tendency.

미혼남성의 연애와 결혼 상황에 따른 여성 이미지 평가

방효진,이성석 한국인체미용예술학회 2014 한국인체미용예술학회지 Vol.15 No.1

In this study, we investigated the image of women, depending on whether they aremarried or in a dating relationship, based on single men living in Chungcheongbuk-do. When comparing the image of women in a married situation or dating situation, forchoosing a wife, the "inner image" such as the womanly attitude, trust, consumptionpattern, life habits, personality and character, and the "social image" such as intimacy,human relations, family environment and educational background were perceivedimportant. However, when they are asked to describe a girl whom they want to date noton the premises of marriage, "external image" such as a girl's face, fashion, body, skin,and height was perceived important. Dating image and marriage image are classified asinner image, external image, and social image. When the average of each dating andmarrige factors are compared, external image was high for dating while inner and socialimage high for marriage. When the causal relationship between dating and maritalspouse's images is evaluated, the more one deems inner image important for datingpartner, the more likely he/she prefers inner beauty for marital spouse. The more oneprefers external image for dating the more he/she sees external image important formarriage. Also, who prefers social image during dating sees inner and social image both. In conclusion, whether a man is looking for marriage or just a date, the female's imageis perceived different and in particular, a female's inner and social image are consideredvery important if the male is looking for a woman on the premises of marriage.

미용전공 대학생의 전공몰입도와 진로태도 성숙도 관련성

방효진 대한미용학회 2019 대한미용학회지 Vol.15 No.1

The relationship between major commitment and career attitude maturity were explored in students with a major in beauty attending a 4-year university in Gangwon-do and Chungcheongbuk-do. The purpose of this study is to investigate and propose a plan for the general major education of beauty-related university students and the resulting problem of decreasing career attitude maturity. The analysis is focused on the influence relationship between major education and career attitude. The following conclusions were obtained in the study. The higher the interest and fascination of students in beauty-related major, the higher the certainty and confidence regarding future career. It was also found that students were interested in and explored information about careers, as new knowledge of the major and their desire to learn increased. Students with high concentration, initiative, desire to learn and new knowledge of the major considered the work environment and conditions of their career as important. The more students had an interest, fascination and anticipation for the major, and the higher the level of concentration, initiative and desire to learn, they considered work environment and conditions of their career as important, and showed a relatively high decisiveness and clarity regarding the career they want to pursue in the future. The results above reveal that certainty, readiness, finality and determinacy of career attitude maturity each applied differently through the major commitment process of students of beauty major at a 4-year university. 강원도와 충청북도의 4년제 미용전공 대학생을 대상으로 전공몰입도와 진로태도 성숙도에 관한 분류요인을 알아보고, 전공몰입도 요인에 따라서 진로태도 성숙도 요인에 어떠한 관련성이 있는지 알아보았으며, 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 전공몰입도에 따른 진로태도 성숙도 요인의 관계를 보았을 때, 학생들은 미용관련 전공에 대한 흥미와 관심도가 상승할수록 향후 진로에 대한 확신과 자신감이 높아졌으며, 전공에 대한 새로운 지식과 학습욕구가 상승할수록 진로에 대한 구체적인 정보에 관심을 두고 탐색을 하는 것을 알 수 있었다. 또한 전공에 대한 새로운 지식과 학습욕구가 높고, 집중력과 적극성이 높은 학생들은 향후 진로에 대한 급여, 근무시간 등의 근무환경과 조건을 중요시하는 것을 알 수 있었다. 전공에 대한 관심과 기대, 흥미와 지식욕구가 높은 집중력과 적극성을 가진 학생일수록 향후 진로에 대한 근무환경과 조건을 중요시하고, 향후 희망하는 진로의 결정 및 명확함이 상대적으로 높음을 알 수 있었다. 즉, 미용관련 전공에 대한 효율적인 학습방식의 제공을 통해 학생들에게 전공 흥미도와 관심도, 집중력과 적극성, 학습과 지식의 습득 의욕이 상승하도록 유도할 수 있으며, 이러한 과정은 결국 학생들이 향후 진로에 대한 정보탐색, 자신감 상승, 명확한 직업의식의 형성에 긍정적 효과가 있다고 판단된다. 이상의 결과를 종합적으로 보았을 때, 4년제 미용전공 학생들은 전공에 대한 몰입 과정을 통해 진로태도 성숙도의 확신성, 준비성, 목적성, 결정성이 각각 다르게 작용하는 것을 알 수 있었다. 이 연구는 조사대상이 미용계열 학생에 국한됨에 따라 모든 분야 학생의 전공몰입도와 진로태도 성숙도를 대표하기에 한계점이 있으며, 향후 연구에서는 학생들이 효율적인 진로선택을 위해 다양한 미용관련 전공을 개별적으로 비교, 분석하는 후속 연구가 필요하다고 판단된다.

메이크업 유형에 따른 인지·감성반응이 광고태도에 미치는 영향

방효진,김정희 한국피부과학연구원 2013 대한피부미용학회지 Vol.11 No.3

According to factor analysis based on cognitive & emotional responses and advertisement for attitude by beauty make-up and art make-up, ‘artistic’ was the most important factor in art make-up in terms of cognitive responses. In beauty make-up, on the contrary, ‘practicality’ was the most important factor. In terms of emotional responses, ‘ornamentation’ was the most important factor in art make-up. In beauty make-up,‘familiarity’ was the most important factor. In terms of advertisement for attitude, ‘interest’ was the most important factors in art make-up. In beauty make-up, on the other hand, ‘reliability’ was the most critical factors. According to analysis on the effect of cognitive and emotional responses on advertisement for attitude by type of make-up, beauty make-up images didn’t draw ‘attention’ on the advertisement. However, ‘interest’ in the advertisement increased when it was perceived in terms of ‘ornamentation’ and ‘attractiveness’. When art make-up was perceived as ‘artistic’ on the contrary, visual ‘interest’ and ‘attention’ on the advertisement increased. When beauty make-up and art make-up were perceived under ‘familiarity’ however ‘interest’ in the advertisement declined. When beauty make-up was perceived from the perspective of ‘practicality’, ‘reliability’on the advertisement increased. When art make-up images were perceived from the perspective of ‘familiarity’and ‘dignity’ on the other hand, ‘reliability’ on the advertisement increased. When ‘ornamentation’ on beauty make-up and art make-up increased, however, consumers negative view on the advertisement was high.

메이크업 이미지에 따른 시각 반응 평가

방효진,김정희 한국인체미용예술학회 2013 한국인체미용예술학회지 Vol.14 No.2

In modern times, the use of makeup has expanded into advertising. Taking a broad perspective, makeup can be classified into categories of beauty and art. Recently, it has been used for professional purposes. Therefore, this study has attempted to analyze changes in pupil responses and cognitive & emotional responses to beauty makeup and art makeup images and come up with an effective plan in order to enhance the use of makeup in the production of corporate advertisements. For visual and cognitive & emotional responses of a college group to beauty makeup and art makeup images, the visual measurement test was performed and a questionnaire was given. The following results were obtained: When pupil changes were measured after proposing beauty makeup, art makeup and dot image stimuli through slides, vision changes (papillary reaction) were responded to all image types. In particular, the greatest dilatation of the pupil was observed in response to art makeup images. The difference in recognition and emotion response and advertisement attitude elements depending on makeup styles was compared with 20 subjects. The art makeup showed higher scores in artistic value in recognition response, decorative value in emotion response and interest, attentiveness and negativity in advertisement attitudes than beauty makeup.

삽입된 비위관 위치 확인을 위한 응급실 내 capnography와 초음파의 유용성

방효진,김형민,소병학,정원중 대한응급의학회 2021 대한응급의학회지 Vol.32 No.2

Objective: This study was designed to verify the effectiveness of capnography and ultrasound for confirmation of the location of the nasogastric tube (NGT) in the emergency room (ER). Methods: In this prospective single-blinded study, carried out on 137 patients over 19 years of age, the NGT location was confirmed by capnography in 63 patients and by ultrasound in 74 patients. The capnography and ultrasound scans were performed in random order, while auscultation was performed and chest X-rays were taken for all patients. Capnography was performed by checking the end-tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO2) level and the wave form after inserting the NGT. An ultrasound scan was conducted on the neck, gastroesophageal junction and stomach. The X-ray results were interpreted by a doctor who had not inserted the NGT. Results: The sensitivity and specificity of auscultation were 98.43% and 10%, respectively. After 30 cm of NGT was inserted ETCO2 was measured through the capnography, and was found to be ranging from 0-23. When the capnography showed an ETCO2 value of less than 4, the tube was considered to be inserted in the stomach. In such a case, the specificity was 100%, but the sensitivity was only 46.43%. The sensitivity and specificity of the ultrasound were 92.96% and 66.67%, respectively. In addition, the positive predictive value was confirmed to be 100% and 98.51% when using capnography and ultrasound, respectively. Conclusion: When the NGT is inserted in the ER, it is possible to use ultrasound and capnography for confirmation of its location. However, in some patients, when neither method can confirm the location, a chest X-ray will still be needed.

여대생의 손 발 만족도와 네일케어 인식의 관련성 연구

방효진 한국피부과학연구원 2014 대한피부미용학회지 Vol.12 No.1

This study looked into the relationship between the satisfaction of hands, feet, and nails and nail care amongfemale four-year-University students in Daejeon. The results were as follows. The sample of students showed89.9% and 53.5% of manicure and pedicure necessity, respectively. The shape, size, and ratio of hands wereperceived more satisfactory than those of feet, and the satisfaction of surface state and the ratio of nails washigher than that of toenails. The study showed that the lower your satisfaction of hands’ shape, size, andratio and of nails’ surface state, thickness, elasticity, and ratio are, the higher the necessity the frequency ofmanicure. Also, the higher your satisfaction of toes’ ratio and of toenails’ surface state, ratio, thickness, andelasticity are, the more often you get pedicure, and the higher your satisfaction of feet’ shape, of toes’ ratio,and surface state are, the higher the necessity of pedicure. In conclusion, the results of this study indicatethat the female university students who are less satisfied with their hands and finger nails are more willing tohave a frequent manicure to cover it, while female university students who are generally satisfied with theirfeet and toenails are more willing to have a frequent pedicure to emphasize their beauty. It appears that thisphenomenon derives from the seasonal effects where hands and feet are more exposed in some seasons thanothers.

뷰티메이크업과 아트메이크업의 특성 비교

방효진(Hyo-Jin Bang),차호연(Ho-Yeon Cha),김정희(Jeong-Hee Kim) 한국인체미용예술학회 2012 한국인체미용예술학회지 Vol.13 No.1

Modern makeup industry area has been extended and it is divided to beauty makeup and art makeup. The practice of makeup tends to be professionally subdivided. So I analyzed the characteristics of beauty makeup and art makeup by remark and awareness of experts group. The results were as follows.: The two makeup subdivisions are characterized by representing methods. The art makeup shows more important technique then beauty makeup. The Design is the most important representing factor to distinguish makeup. To analyze the representing characteristic of each subdivision, the color is the most important factor in beauty makeup and the design is the most important factor in art makeup. The result of submission of actual makeup image also shows the same result. According to the result of two independent subdivisions, there are some difference in ‘contrast’, ‘change’, ‘symmetry’, and ‘consistency’ and there are no difference in ‘harmony’and ‘gradation.’ In sensitivity evaluation, ‘familiarity’ and ‘purity’ are higher evaluation factor in beauty makeup and ‘ornamentation’ and ‘attractiveness’ are higher evaluation factor in art makeup. The design is the most distinguishable representing factor and the result of submission of actual makeup image is the same. In sensitivity evaluation, ‘familiarity’ and ‘purity’ are higher evaluation factor in beauty makeup and ‘ornamentation’ and ‘attractiveness’ are higher evaluation factor in art makeup. Therefore, there are contrary to each makeup subdivision in the sensitivity.

여대생의 미용 컬러렌즈 착용에 따른 이미지 변화효과에 관한 연구

방효진(Hyo-Jin Bang) 한국콘텐츠학회 2016 한국콘텐츠학회논문지 Vol.16 No.12

경기도와 강원도 소재의 대학생 221명을 대상으로 컬러렌즈 착용 유무에 따른 이미지 효과를 알아보기 위한 연구로서 시각적으로 나타나는 평가요인을 살펴보았고, 평가요인에 따른 이미지 효과의 차이 및 관련성을 알아보았다. 또한 컬러렌즈의 착용이 여성의 눈과 얼굴 이미지 변화에 어떠한 효과가 있는지 규명하고자 하였다. 컬러렌즈 착용 이미지에 대한 감성평가는 화려함, 매력적, 세련됨, 호감도 등을 의미하는 항목이 높게 인지됐지만, 미착용 이미지는 편안함, 부드러움, 청순함 등을 의미하는 항목이 높게 인지되었다. 평가 항목에 대한 요인분석을 실시하였을 때, 컬러렌즈 착용 이미지는 매력성, 청아함, 친숙성, 장식성 순으로 분류되었고, 컬러렌즈의 미착용 이미지는 친숙성, 매력성, 청아함, 장식성 순으로 분류되었다. 컬러렌즈를 착용한 눈의 장식적, 매력적, 청아한 요인은 눈과 얼굴 이미지를 변화된다고 인지하였다. 컬러렌즈 착용 유무의 각 요인과 이미지 효과의 상관관계를 분석한 결과, 착용 이미지에서는 장식적, 청아함, 매력적으로 인식할수록 눈과 얼굴 이미지를 변화시키는데 관련성이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 즉 컬러렌즈의 착용은 눈과 얼굴의 이미지가 매력적, 청아함, 장식적으로 보이는 효과가 있었으며, 이러한 컬러렌즈 착용 효과는 자신의 개성에 맞도록 눈과 얼굴 이미지를 보완하기 위한 중요한 표현 수단임을 알 수 있었다. The purpose of this study is to look into the effect of wearing color lenses on ones image and was based on 221 college students in Gyeonggi-do and Gangwon-do. I examined how it appears as the evaluation factor visually. After by looking in the different image effect and relevance as to the classified evaluating factors, I tried to look into what effect the color lenses has on woman eye and image. The result is as follows. It appears that wearing color lenses makes one look fancier, more attractive, sophisticated, and favorable, whereas not wearing color lenses makes one look softer, weaker, more innocent, and comfortable. Analyzing these evaluations showed that wearing color lenses has most to do with attractiveness followed by pureness, familiarity, and decorativeness in order, whereas not wearing color lenses has most to do with familiarity followed by attractiveness, pureness, and decorativeness. It is considered that eyes with color lenses on them make the person seem decorative, attractive, and pure, which brings effect of improving ones eye and face image. Analyzing the correlation between each color lenses-wearing factor and ones image showed that when a person is wearing color lenses, the more the person is considered decorative, pure, and attractive, the more it has to do with improving the persons eye and face image. The result, therefore, shows that wearing color lenses makes ones eye and face image attractive, pure, and decorative, and wearing them is an important means to improve ones eye and face image.