육상 단거리 우수선수 및 우수 지도자들이 생각하는 코칭능력 요인 탐색

김현우(Kim, Hyun-Woo),박평환(Park, Pyung-Hwan) 한국체육교육학회 2017 한국체육교육학회지 Vol.21 No.4

본 연구는 대한민국의 다양한 스포츠 종목 중 세계적인 수준과 매우 뒤쳐져 있는 종목인 육상종목 중 특히 단거리 종목과 관련하여 지도자들의 지도능력과 관련한 기초자료를 제공하기 위하여 육상 단거리 우수선수 및 우수지도자들은 지도력 요인에 대하여 어떻게 생각하는지를 탐색하고자 하였다. 연구 목적을 달성하기 위해서 국가대표 10년 이상의 경력을 지닌 우수선수 4명, 국가대표 출신 및 국가대표를 배출 시킨 지도자 4명으로 구성된 전문가 회의를 구성하였다. 연구결과 우수선수 및 우수지도자들이 생각하는 코칭능력 요인으로는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 우수선수 및 우수지도자들이 생각하는 코칭능력 요인 중 하나는 선수관리능력이다. 선수관리능력의 하위범주로는 합의, 개성존중, 겸손으로 구성되었다. 둘째, 우수선수 및 우수지도자들이 생각하는 코칭능력요인 중 하나는 상호작용이다. 상호작용의 하위범주로는 인내, 분위기, 이타심으로 구성되었다. 셋째, 우수선수 및 우수지도자들이 생각하는 코칭능력 요인 중 하나는 자극이다. 자극의 하위범주로는 인식, 영감으로 구성되었다. 넷째, 우수선수 및 우수지도자들이 생각하는 코칭능력 요인 중 하나는 판단이다. 판단의 하위범주로는 소신, 변화로 구성되었다. 다섯째, 우수선수 및 우수지도자들이 생각하는 코칭능력 요인 중 하나는 정보처리능력이다. 정보처리능력의 하위범주로는 계획수립, 기록, 분석으로 구성되었다. The objective of this research is to provide a fundamental data regarding the leaders’ abilities on the short distance race, which Korea’s positions currently ranks extremely low compared to the international level. It also aims to figure out what high-performing short distance runners and competent leaders think about the coaching ability factors. For the research objective, a professional group comprised of 4 high-performing runners with more than 10 years of national team experience and 4 leaders who used to be on the national team and coached the national team players. The research results revealed the important coaching ability factors as follows: Firstly, one of the coaching ability factors thought by high-performing short distance runners and competent leaders was the ability to manage the players. The subcategories for player management ability were comprised of agreement, respect for individuality and humility. Secondly, another coaching ability factor thought by high-performing short distance runners and competent leaders was interaction. The subcategories for interaction were comprised of patience, atmosphere and altruism. Thirdly, the next coaching ability factor thought by high-performing short distance runners and competent leaders was stimulation, whose subcategories included perception and inspiration. Fourthly, another coaching ability factor thought by high-performing short distance runners and competent leaders was decision. Its subcategories were comprised of belief and change. Fifthly, the last coaching ability factor thought by high-performing short distance runners and competent leaders was the ability to process information. Its subcategories included planning, recording and analyzing.

실험연구 : 신생백서의 저산소 허혈 뇌손상에서 Heme Oxygenase 억제제의 효과

방지연 ( Ji Youn Bang ),박평환 ( Pyung Hwan Park ) 대한마취과학회 2006 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.50 No.6

Background: The heme oxygenase system catalyzes the conversion of heme to free iron, carbon monoxide and bilirubin. This study was purposed to evaluate the effect of the heme oxygenase inhibitor, Tin protoporphyrin IX (SnPPIX) on the hypoxic ischemic brain injury in a neonatal rat. Methods: Seven-day old Sprague-Dawley rat pups were used. The rats were divided into two groups; control group (n = 9) and SnPPIX group (n = 6). SnPPIX 50μmol/kg and the dissolvent were administered respectively intraperitoneally. For hypoxic ischemic brain injury, the right common carotid artery was ligated with 5-0 silk and the rats were put in the moisturized hypoxic gas chamber for 150 minutes. Lipid/N-acetyl aspartate and Lipid/Creatine ratio of 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy were evaluated on the 1st day and the 7th day after hypoxic ischemic brain injury. All rats were sacrificed 2 weeks after hypoxic ischemic brain injury for morphological study. Results: There were no statistically significant differences between two groups in the result of MRS and Lip/Cr and Lip/NAA ratio on 1th day and 7th day after hypoxic ischemic brain injury. In addition, there was no significant difference in the gross morphological evaluation on the 14th day. Conclusions: Our results suggest that the pretreatment of the Tin protoporphyrin IX does not affect the degree of brain damage which is caused by apoptosis in the model of hypoxic ischemic brain injury in a neonatal rat. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2006; 50: 706~13)

신생 백서의 저산소-허혈 내성 모델에서 미토콘드리아 ATP 민감성 포타슘 채널 길항제가 전조건화에 미치는 영향

박영수 ( Young Soo Park ),방지연 ( Ji Yeon Bang ),황보영 ( Bo Young Hwang ),류해영 ( Hae Young Ryu ),정성문 ( Sung Moon Jeong ),박평환 ( Pyung Hwan Park ) 대한마취과학회 2009 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.57 No.6

Background: A brief episode of cerebral ischemia confers transient ischemic tolerance to a subsequent ischemic challenge that is otherwise lethal to them. This study was purposed to evaluate the effect of mitochondrial adenosine triphosphate-sensitive potassium (K(ATP)) channel blocker on ischemic preconditioning in hypoxic-ischemic brain injury model of neonatal rat. Methods: Seven-day old Sprague-Dawley rat pups were used. The rats were divided into five groups; control group (n=91), pretreatment hypoxic preconditioning group (n=43), pretreatment ischemic preconditioning group (n=52), hypoxic preconditioning group (n=39), and ischemic preconditioning group (n=51). Rats in the pretreatment hypoxic preconditioning group and pretreatment ischemic preconditioning group were treated by an intraperitoneal injection with 5-hydroxydecanoate (60 mg/kg). Thirty minutes after injection, right common carotid artery was temporarily occluded for ten minutes in pretreatment ischemic preconditioning group. Rats in the pretreatment hypoxic preconditioning group and hypoxic preconditioning group underwent hypoxia (8% oxygen/92% nitrogen) for four hours. Twenty-four hours after the preconditioning, rats from all groups were exposed to right common carotid artery ligation followed by 2.5 hour hypoxia. On the 1st day after hypoxic-ischemic brain injury, terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end-labeling (TUNEL) reaction was evaluate as apoptotic markers and triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) was done to measure necrotic tissue. All rats were sacrificed 2 weeks after hypoxic-ischemia brain injury and the brains were examined for morphologic study. Results: There were no differenced in survival rate, infarct area, number of TUNEL positive cells and morphologic score either between hypoxic preconditioning group and pretreatment hypoxic preconditioning group or between ischemic preconditioning group and pretreatment ischemic preconditioning group. Conclusions: The results suggests that mitochondrial KATP channel blocker, 5-hydroxydecanoate, does not change hypoxic-ischemic preconditioning in the neonatal rat. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2009; 57: 729∼36)

패혈증환자에서 APACHE III Scoring System의 예후적 가치

임채만,이재균,이성순,고윤석,김우성,김동순,김원동,박평환,최종무,Lim, Chae-Man,Lee, Jae-Kyun,Lee, Sung-Soon,Koh, Youn-Suck,Kim, Woo-Sung,Kim, Dong-Soon,Kim, Won-Dong,Park, Pyung-Hwan,Choi, Jong-Moo 대한결핵및호흡기학회 1995 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.42 No.6

연구배경: 중환자의 예후를 정량화하는 체점체계 중 APACHE III system은 중환자실 제 1병일 점수는 물론 일갱신 점수도 환자의 위험도를 갱신하는 것이 알려진 바 있어 패혈증 환자들에서 APACHE III score의 예후 지표로서의 가치를 알아 보고자 하였다. 방법: 48명의 패혈증 환자들에서 후향적으로 중환자실 제 1병일, 2병일 및 3병일의 APACHE III score를 조사하여 패혈증 생존자와 비생존자 간의 차이를 분석하였다. 결과: 패혈증 생존자는 비생존자에 비해 APACHE III system에 따른 중환자실 제 1병일 정수가 유의하게 낮았으며, 제 2일 및 제 3일의 점수도 각각의 전날 점수에 비해 유의하게 감소하였다. 폐혈증 비생존자의 경우 제 1병일 점수가 생존자에 비해 높았고, 제 2병일 및 제 3병일 점수 역시 각각의 전날 점수에 비해 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 결론: APACHE III system에 따른 제 1병일 점수 및 제 3병일까지의 점수의 일변동은 패혈증 환자의 예후를 반영하는 것으로 사려된다. Background: The index which could predict the prognosis of critically ill patients is needed to find out high risk patients and to individualize their treatment. The APACHE III scoring system was established in 1991, but there has been only a few studies concerning its prognostic value. We wanted to know whether the APACHE III scores have prognostic value in discriminating survivors from nonsurvivors in sepsis. Methods: In 48 patients meeting the Bones criteria for sepsis, we retrospectively surveyed the day 1(D1), day 2(D2) and day 3(D3) scores of patients who were admitted to intensive care unit. The scores of the sepsis survivors and nonsurvivors were compared in respect to the D1 score, and also in respect to the changes of the updated D2 and D3 scores. Results: 1) Of the 48 sepsis patients, 21(43.5%) survived and 27(56.5%) died. The nonsurvivors were older($62.7{\pm}12.6$ vs $51.1{\pm}18.1$ yrs), presented with lower mean arterial pressure($56.9{\pm}26.2$ vs $67.7{\pm}14.2\;mmHg$) and showed greater number of multisystem organ failure($1.2{\pm}0.8$ vs $0.2{\pm}0.4$) than the survivors(p<0.05, respectively). There were no significant differences in sex and initial body temperature between the two groups. 2) The D1 score was lower in the survivors (n=21) than in the nonsurvivors ($44.1{\pm}14.6$, $78.5{\pm}18.6$, p=0.0001). The D2 and D3 scores significantly decreased in the survivors (D1 vs D2, $44.1{\pm}14.6$ : $37.9{\pm}15.0$, p=0.035; D2 vs D3, $37.9{\pm}15.0$ : $30.1{\pm}9.3$, p=0.0001) but showed a tendency to increase in the nonsurvivors (D1 vs D2 (n=21), $78.5{\pm}18.6$ : $81.3{\pm}23.0$, p=0.1337; D2 vs D3 (n=11), $68.2{\pm}19.3$ : $75.3{\pm}18.8$, p=0.0078). 3) The D1 scores of 12 survivors and 6 nonsurvivors were in the same range of 42~67 (mean D1 score, $53.8{\pm}10.0$ in the survivors, $55.3{\pm}10.3$ in the nonsurvivors). The age, sex, initial body temperature, and mean arterial pressure were not different between the two groups. In this group, however, D2 and D3 was significantly decreased in the survivors(D1 vs D2, $53.3{\pm}10.0$ : $43.6{\pm}16.4$, p=0.0278; D2 vs D3, $43.6{\pm}16.4$ : $31.2{\pm}10.3$, p=0.0005), but showed a tendency to increase in the nonsurvivors(D1 vs D2 (n=6), $55.3{\pm}10.3:66.7{\pm}13.9$, p=0.1562; D2 vs D3 (n=4), $64.0{\pm}16.4:74.3{\pm}18.6$, p=0.1250). Among the individual items of the first day APACHE III score, only the score of respiratory rate was capable of discriminating the nonsurvivors from the survivors ($5.5{\pm}2.9$ vs $1.9{\pm}3.7$, p=0.046) in this group. Conclusion: In sepsis, nonsurvivors had higher first day APACHE III score and their updated scores on the following days failed to decline but showed a tendency to increase. Survivors, on the other hand, had lower first day score and showed decline in the updated APACHE scores. These results suggest that the first day and daily updated APACHE III scores are useful in predicting the outcome and assessing the response to management in patients with sepsis.

Kainic Acid 투여로 경련이 유도된 백서에서 Propofol의 항경련 효과

김종욱(Jong Uk Kim),이은호(Eun Ho Lee),박평환(Pyung Hwan Park),한성민(Sung Min Han),이종환(Jong Whan Lee),홍혜남(Hea Nam Hong),황승준(Seung Jun Hwang) 대한마취과학회 1999 영문부록 Vol.- No.-

Background : Propofol has been used to treat status epilepticus, but anticonvulsant effects of propofol were not proven distinctly. We examined the effect of propofol on seizure induced by kainic acid that is a glutamate analogue with excitotoxic properties. Methods : All experimental rats were injected with kainic acid (10 mg/kg, i.p.). When the salivation and focal convulsion were observed, propofol (50 mg/kg, n=8) or saline (5 ml/kg, n=8) was injected intraperitoneally. The seizure activities were observed for 6 hrs. Acid fuchsin stain and immunoreactivity (heat-shock protein) have been used as indicators of injured neurons and epileptic insults. Results : There were significant decrease of seizure activity in propofol treated group (p<0.01). Conspicuous cytopathologic reactions were evident in saline treated group but no detectable histologic change in propofol group. Immunocytochemical reactions with a monoclonal antibody against HSP-70 were evident in the saline group but no reaction in propofol group. Conclusions : These results indicate that propofol has marked anticonvulsant effects against seizure induced by kainic acid in the rat. (Korean J Anesthesiol 1999; 36: 1038∼1045)

증례보고 : Hb-M 환자의 마취 경험 -증례보고-

허인영 ( In Young Huh ),최규택 ( Kyu Taek Choi ),천무영 ( Moo Young Cheon ),박평환 ( Pyung Hwan Park ) 대한마취과학회 2006 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.50 No.6

Cyanosis in children is most often caused by pulmonary disease, or cyanotic heart disease but is rarely caused by hematological problems such as methemoglobinemia and sulfhemoglobinemia. Abnormal hemoglobins with a reduced oxygen affinity are an exceptionally uncommon cause of cyanosis in children. Hemoglobin-M (Hb-M) is rapidly auto-oxidized into the met-form resulting in the loss of its O2-binding ability. This hemoglobinopathy is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern and is characterized by marked cyanosis. Hb-M affects the anesthetic management because of the anomalous absorption spectrum of Hb-M in standard pulse oximetry. Sufficient O2 delivery should be maintained by keeping a high FiO2 and intermittently checking the O2 delivery state using arterial blood gas analysis. We reported our experience of the anesthetic management of a patient with hemoglobin M. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2006; 50: 723~6)

실험연구 : 유도성 산화질소 합성효소 억제제가 신생 백서의 저산소성 허혈성 뇌손상에서 세포 자멸사에 미치는 영향: 수소 자기공명분광법을 이용한 연구

황현숙 ( Hyun Sook Hwang ),방지연 ( Ji Yeon Bang ),박평환 ( Pyung Hwan Park ) 대한마취과학회 2003 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.45 No.3

실험연구 : 고양이에서 Methacholine을 이용한 기관지 수축 모델에서 Perfluorocarbon이 폐역학 및 가스 교환에 미치는 영향

강지영 ( Ji Yeong Kang ),방지연 ( Ji Yeon Bang ),박평환 ( Pyung Hwan Park ) 대한마취과학회 2003 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.45 No.2

사강호흡율이 증가된 환자에서 기관내 가스주입법(Tracheal Gas Insufflation)이 가스교환에 미치는 효과와 그 결정인자

임채만 ( Chae Man Lim ),정복현 ( Bok Hyun Jung ),고윤석 ( Youn Suck Koh ),이상도 ( Sang Do Lee ),김우성 ( Woo Sung Kim ),박평환 ( Pyung Hwan Park ),김동순 ( Dong Soon Kim ),김원동 ( Won Dong Kim ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 1997 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.44 No.1

실험연구 : Freund`s Complete Adjuvant로 염증을 유발한 흰쥐에서 기계적 이질통에 대한 α2 아드레날린성 수용체 작용제 및 Norepinephrine의 효과

정미애 ( Mi Ae Cheong ),김화년 ( Hwa Nyon Kim ),전종헌 ( Jong Hun Jun ),김경헌 ( Kyoung Hun Kim ),서정국 ( Jung Kook Suh ),황재현 ( Jai Hyun Hwang ),박평환 ( Pyung Hwan Park ),기화영 ( Wha Young Key ) 대한마취과학회 2003 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.45 No.1