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Effect of Amine-Based Antioxidants as Stabilizers for Biodiesel
박수열,김헌수,김승회,Park, Soo-Youl,Kim, Hun-Soo,Kim, Seung-Hoi Korean Tribology Society 2015 한국윤활학회지(윤활학회지) Vol.4 No.1
Biodiesel is an environmentally-friendly fuel with low smoke emission because it contains about 10% oxygen. Biodiesel fuel prepared by transesterification of vegetable oil or animal fats is susceptible to auto-oxidation. The rate of auto-oxidation depends on the number of methylene double bonds contained within the fatty acid methyl or ethyl ester groups. Biodiesel may be easily oxidized under several conditions, i.e., upon exposure to sunlight, temperature, oxygen environment. Maintenance of the fuel quality of biodiesel requires the development of technologies to increase the resistance of biodiesel to oxidation. Treatment with antioxidants is a promising approach for extending the shelf-life or storage time of biodiesel. The chemical properties of various amine-based antioxidants were evaluated after synthesis of the antioxidants by condensation of phenylenediamine with alkylamines at room temperature. In general, the oxidative stability can be assessed based on various experimental parameters. Such parameters may include temperature, pressure, and the flow rate of air through the samples. The Rancimat method (EN14112) was selected because it is a rapid technique that requires very little sample and provides good precision for oxidative degradation analysis. Specifically, the EN 14112 technique provides enhanced efficiency for oxidative stability evaluation when a larger ester head group is utilized. Therefore, this technique was employed for evaluation of the oxidation stability of biodiesel by the Rancimat method (EN14112).
사이버-물리 시스템의 보안 프레임워크 개발을 위한 보안 요구사항 분석 연구
박수열,최욱진,정보흥,김정녀,김주만,Park, Soo-Youl,Choi, Wook-Jin,Chung, Bo-Heung,Kim, Jeong-Nyeo,Kim, Joo-Man 대한임베디드공학회 2012 대한임베디드공학회논문지 Vol.7 No.5
A cyber-physical system(CPS) is a collection of cyber and physical components that interact with each other to achieve a particular application. Here, the CPS is emerged the reliability and security problems. Particularly, the defect of reliability in the data/control transmission under the CPS can lead to serious damage. We discuss the reliability and security problem on CPS architecture. Then we would suggest the considerations of cyber security in industrial control systems built with CPS.
Effect of Amine-Based Antioxidants as Stabilizers for Biodiesel
Soo-Youl Park(박수열),Hun-Soo Kim(김헌수),Seung-Hoi Kim(김승회) 한국트라이볼로지학회 2015 한국윤활학회지(윤활학회지) Vol.31 No.6
Biodiesel is an environmentally-friendly fuel with low smoke emission because it contains about 10% oxygen. Biodiesel fuel prepared by transesterification of vegetable oil or animal fats is susceptible to autooxidation. The rate of auto-oxidation depends on the number of methylene double bonds contained within the fatty acid methyl or ethyl ester groups. Biodiesel may be easily oxidized under several conditions, i.e., upon exposure to sunlight, temperature, oxygen environment. Maintenance of the fuel quality of biodiesel requires the development of technologies to increase the resistance of biodiesel to oxidation. Treatment with antioxidants is a promising approach for extending the shelf-life or storage time of biodiesel. The chemical properties of various amine-based antioxidants were evaluated after synthesis of the antioxidants by condensation of henylenediamine with alkylamines at room temperature. In general, the oxidative stability can be assessed based on various experimental parameters. Such parameters may include temperature, pressure, and the flow rate of air through the samples. The Rancimat method (EN14112) was selected because it is a rapid technique that requires very little sample and provides good precision for oxidative degradation analysis. Specifically, the EN 14112 technique provides enhanced efficiency for oxidative stability evaluation when a larger ester head group is utilized. Therefore, this technique was employed for evaluation of the oxidation stability of biodiesel by the Rancimat method (EN14112).
피스톤과 헤드가스켓에 장착된 이온프로브를 이용한 연소실내 화염전파과정 계측
민선기(Sun Ki Min),박수열(Soo Youl Park),전광민(Kwang Min Chun) 한국자동차공학회 1997 한국자동차공학회 춘 추계 학술대회 논문집 Vol.1997 No.11_1
Flame propagation in a spark-ignition engine is measured using an ion-probe technique for various spark timing and fuel air ratio. Ion-probes were installed in a piston to measure the main flame propagation and lines from the ion-probes were connected to a computer through a linkage. Flame development at idle and 1500part load condition were measured. The results showed that flame propagates faster in the exhaust valve region than in the intake region and the propagation speed increased in the later stage as spark timing is advanced. The effect of leaner ruel air ratio was bigger in the intake valve side flame development and the mass burn rate and the flame travel distance powered by 3 showed good correlation.<br/>
강형규,송호영,도진우,박수열,나병기,Kang, Hyung-Kyu,Song, Ho-Yong,Doe, Jin-Woo,Park, Soo-Youl,Na, Byung-Ki 한국응용과학기술학회 2015 한국응용과학기술학회지 Vol.32 No.4
바이오디젤은 지방산 중의 일부물질이 대기중의 산소와 결합하여 유기지방산 등을 형성하며 밀도, 동점도, 전산가, 산화안정도 등의 물성 특성에 영향을 준다. 바이오디젤의 산화안정성 문제를 해결하기 위해 바이오디젤에 다양한 산화방지제를 첨가하여 물성 변화의 특성을 분석하였다. 첨가제의 함량이 증가함에 따라 산화안정도는 증가하는 경향을 나타내고 대부분 첨가량에 비례적으로 증가하였다. 7종의 첨가제 중 TBHQ가 가장 우수한 성능을 보이며 propyl gallate, butyl-amine, aniline, pyrogallol 등 4종의 첨가제도 목표치인 500 ppm 첨가 시 10시간 이상의 성능을 보였다. pyrogallol이 전산가에서 품질기준에 부적합하여 첨가제로서 적절하지 않은 것으로 나타났으며, hydroquinone계열의 TBHA, DTBHQ는 산화안정도에서 품질기준은 만족하나 연구과제의 목표치인 10 시간 이상에 미치지 못하는 결과를 보여 개발 첨가제로서는 결함이 있는 것으로 판단하였다. 또한 propyl gallate도 전산가에서 품질기준에 적합하나 500 ppm 첨가 시 수치가 높고 첨가제 증가에 따른 전산가 증가 경향이 커서 첨가제로서 부적합한 것으로 판단하였다. Some materials of fatty acids in the biodiesel affect the physical/chemical properties like density, kinematic viscosity, total acid number and oxidation stability by forming an organic fatty acid in combination with oxygen in the air. To solve the problem of the oxidative stability of biodiesel, various kinds of antioxidant has added and analyze the characteristics of the physical/chemical property changes by the addition of antioxidant. Oxidation stability increased by the increase of additives content. The TBHQ among the seven kinds of the additives showed the best performance. Also, 4 kinds of additives like propyl gallate, butyl-amine and pyrogallo has showed above 10 hr of oxidation stability at the addition of 500 ppm. In case of pyrogallo, this is not appropriate as an additive to suitable quality standards of total acid number. TBHA, DTBHQ of hydroquinone was satisfied with the quality standard of oxidation stability but the target of this research(above 10 hr) did not satisfied with oxidation stability. Propyl gallate is also a suitable at the quality standards of total acid number but it was shown not to be an appropriate to the additives due to increasing the total acid number by increasing of the content of additives at the addition of 500 ppm.