Guinea pig에서 alcohol과 paraquat에 의한 간독성에 미치는 selenium의 방어 효과

박상철,강형섭,이호일,김진상,Park, Sang-chul,Kang, Hyung-sub,Lee, Ho-il,Kim, Jin-sang 대한수의학회 1996 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.36 No.2

Experiments were undertaken to examine the ability of selenium to protect against alcohol and/or paraquat-induced hepatotoxicity and to examine the additive effect between alcohol and paraquat. Protective effect against hepatotoxic functions was measured in serum from alcohol(15% v/v), paraquat(200ppm), alcohol and paraquat, and combination of sodium selenite(4ppm) in drinking water-fed guinea pigs ad libitum for 4 weeks. A total of 68 healthy 7-weeks-old male animals were assigned at random to 8 treatment groups(9~13 animals/group). Body and liver weight losses, and high serum concentrations in aspartate aminotransferase(AST), alanine aminotransferase(ALT, in only paraquat group), $\gamma$-glutamyltranspeptidase($\gamma$-GTP), cholesterol(Cho), creatinine, blood urea nitrogen(BUN), total bilirubin(TB), direct bilirubin(DB), total protein(TP), albumin and globulin as well as low values in alkaline phosphatase(ALP) and glucose were produced in a groups of alcohol or paraquat-fed. These values were not potentiated in a group given the combination of alcohol plus paraquat. Morphological changes in the liver were also observed in the alcohol or paraquat-fed group. Lipid droplet and cell swelling in the hepatocytes were observed in alcohol-fed guinea pig, especially Mallory's hyaline arounded hepatic vein. In the paraquat-fed guinea pig, lipid droplet, pyknosis and karyolysis were observed. When alcohol or paraquat was combined with selenium-fed, hyperplasia of Kupffer cell in liver were observed. However, the mean ALT, $\gamma$-GTP, Cho, BUN, TB, TP, albumin and globulin values were lower in groups given the combination of alcohol and/or paraquat plus selenium, compared with groups given alcohol and/or paraquat. Also, the ratio of liver weight to body weight and ALP values(exception of paraquat plus selenium group) were increased by selenium. These results suggest that an adequate selenium confers marked protection against alcohol and paraquat-induced hepatotoxicity.

용접부 피로강도를 고려한 굴삭기 붐 구조물 설계(I)

박상철,Park, Sang-Chul 대한용접접합학회 2010 대한용접·접합학회지 Vol.28 No.5

The purpose of this study is to develop improved boom structures with reliable fatigue strength of weldment and lower production cost. For that purpose, multibody dynamic analysis was performed to evaluate forces acting on arm & boom cylinders and joints of boom structure during operation of an excavator for three working postures, then stress analysis was made to investigate stress distribution around diaphragms at the bottom plate of boom structures which was known to be susceptible to fatigue failures of welded joints, and finally boom structure with optimum arrangement of diaphragms was proposed. This work basically consists of the following two parts: part 1 focuses on multibody dynamic analysis of excavators during operation and part 2 includes evaluations of fatigue strength of welded joints for modified boom structures.

용접부 피로강도를 고려한 굴삭기 붐 구조물 설계(II)

박상철,Park, Sang-Chul 대한용접접합학회 2011 대한용접·접합학회지 Vol.29 No.4

The purpose of this study is to develop improved boom structures with reliable fatigue strength of weldment and lower production cost. For that purpose, multi-body dynamic analysis was performed to evaluate forces acting on arm & boom cylinders and joints of boom structure during operation of an excavator for three working postures, then stress analysis was made to investigate stress distribution around diaphragms at the bottom plate of boom structures which was known to be susceptible to fatigue failures of welded joints, and finally boom structures with optimum arrangement of diaphragms was proposed. This work mainly consists of the following two parts: part 1 focuses on multi-body dynamic analysis of excavators during operation and part 2 includes evaluations of fatigue strength of welded joints for modified boom structures.

논문(論文) : 러시아 주류정책의 변화, 1914-1932: 금주령에서 보드카 독점으로

박상철 ( Sang Chul Park ) 대구사학회 2011 대구사학 Vol.103 No.-

The Change of Russian Alcohol Policy, 1914-1932 Park, Sang-chul [Abstract] The Russian government, at beginning of the First World War, issued prohibition law to avoid anarchy and disorganization of military mobilization and responding to the public opinions of educated society that had criticized excessive financial dependance of vodka monopoly. And the Bolsheviks, after the seize of power in October, 1917, continued anti-alcohol policies. The Soviet communists, regarding popular drinking practices as ``vestiges of capitalism`` or ``social diseases,`` tried to correct it with various legal and administrative measures, cultural and propaganda activities. But this meant a direct attack on popular way of life and cultural values contained in it. Therefore, people`s major response to it was the production and consumption of moonshine. In 1920s, in context of fierce power struggle, Stalin and others asserted to resume and expand the production of the state vodka in order to suppress growing moonshine industry and to accumulate capital for speedy industrialization. When it became clear that anti-alcohol movements could threaten the consumption of state vodka as a source of state liquor revenues, he incapacitated anti-alcohol movement and at the same time declared that alcohol problems in Soviet Union had been resolved. This early experience in Soviet Union showed that drinking practices is rather determined and changed under the influence of many factors, such as power struggles, cultural conflicts between social elements and so on. It also showed how the utopian enthusiasm of Russian communists changed in harsh reality, and why many peoples began to develop conformist way of behaviour.

헌법개정의 권력구조론적 쟁점과 헌정사적 문제

박상철(Park Sang-Chul) 한국공법학회 2008 공법연구 Vol.36 No.4

대한민국헌법에는 ‘헌법제정권력’에 의한 헌법제정과 ‘헌법개정권력’에 의한 헌법개정이 없었다고 하여도 과언이 아니다. 제헌헌법부터 전혀 다른 민주주의 이념에 바탕을 둔 내각제와 대통령제를 동시에 규정하면서 한국헌법은 처음부터 권력구조와 정부형태의 이데올로기적 가치를 가볍게 여기는 헌정사적 전통을 갖게 되었다.  한국헌법사는 권력구조부문의 헌법개정시 헌법적 근거에 대한 인식, 즉 헌법제정권력에 의해 창조된 헌법이 모든 국가권력의 원천이라는 기본적 관념이 뿌리내리지 못한 역사였다.  한국헌법의 권력구조와 정부형태가 민주주의 원리에 대한 논쟁과 국민적 토론과정에서 재정립되는 계기가 이제라도 마련되어야 한다. 그것이 바로 헌법개정과 민주주의에 대한 논쟁이다. 정치적 민주주의에 있어서 정부형태로서의 대통령제와 내각제 논쟁은 다수제민주주의와 협의제민주주의의 논쟁과 직결된다.  현행헌법에는 제헌헌법부터 야기되어온 개헌시 국가통치원리의 왜곡, 반입헌주의적 흔적이 상당부문 축적되어 있다. 헌법의 규범력과 생명력을 유지하려면 헌법개정은 불가피하다. 한국헌법에서 민주주의의 미발달문제는 헌법상 권력구조 즉 정부형태에 대한 확신과 전통의 결여에서 비롯되어지는 측면이 강하기 때문에 권력구조의 정상화에 대한 정치적?사회적?국민적 합의가 절실하다. 요컨대 4년중임 대통령령제로의 헌법개정은 한국정치에서 권력구조의 이데올로기 및 헌정사적 문제점과 현행헌법의 5년짜리 권력을 둘러싼 정치적 악순환의 고리를 동시에 끊는 것으로서, 정치권력이 한국사회의 변화와 발전의 원동력이 되는 신기원을 가져올 수도 있다. In the establishment of the Constitution, a draft constitution had been deteriorated in the political leadership struggle. The parliamentary cabinet system had turned into a presidential government on the insistence of Seung-Man, Rhee, the first President of the republic of Korea.  It can"t say too much that the history of the constitution of th republic of Korea had been changed by the political power coalesced without policy agreement.  Hereafter, the hot debating between the majoritarian democracy and the consensual democracy is all efforts to have democracy take deep roosts in the constitutional principles. The existing constitution has been amended by nation"s right of resistance and the mutual agreement of the Government - the Opposition party. But the five year single presidential term caused us realizing the limitations of the constitutional democracy. The amendment for the four year reelected presidential term means to the normalization of the constitution. Now the constitutional amendment could not fulfill by the politician, but a scholar of constitutions and a expert in public affairs for ending a the history of political power coalesced without agreement.

Interconvertible Nucleotidylylation Bicyclic Cascade 를 통한 Glutamine Synthetase 의 생합성 및 효소활성의 병행적 조절

박상철 ( Sang Chul Park ) 한국생화학분자생물학회 (구 한국생화학회) 1986 생화학총설집 Vol.1 No.-

독일 탄소세정책 -경제, 사회, 환경에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구-

박상철 ( Sang Chul Park ) 한국EU학회 2010 EU학연구 Vol.15 No.2

Environment and energy related problems have become the major global issue for the human being in the 21st century. At the result, the most of specialists on environmental issues have paid attention to the problems about rapidly increasing fossil energy consumption, global warming, carbon dioxide emission etc. that may threaten a sustainable development on the earth. In order to solve the problem of global warming, the EU has operated the emission trading market (ETM) for CO2 since 2005 that is regarded as one of measures to prevent the earth from the climate change at the EU level. However, environment activists and NGOs have criticized the ETM system owing to its limitation. Regarding their critics, the ETM cannot play significant roles in reducing CO2 emission directly, but result in crossing the CO2 emission right over borders or regions in practice. Therefore, they urge that it is absolutely necessary to launch the carbon tax that can cover negative aspects of the ETM toward positive aspects contributing to reducing CO2 in the reality. Germany started its carbon tax based on ecological tax in 1994 that is relatively later than other northern European countries. It carried out ecological tax reforms (ETRs) five times since 1999. The basic principles to maintain the ecological tax are fiscal neutrality and double dividend hypothesis. This study focuses on the carbon tax in Germany that influences in industry and economy not only for Germany, but also for the whole EU. It also argues how the carbon tax has affected on economy, society and environment.

도시물류개선을 위한 도심내 조업 주차시설 정비방안에 관한 연구

박상철 ( Sang Chul Park ) 한국물류학회 2005 물류학회지 Vol.15 No.2

연구논문 : 재생에너지정책과 지속가능발전전략에 관한 연구: 독일모델과 시사점

박상철 ( Sang Chul Park ) 한국환경경제학회·한국자원경제학회(구 한국환경경제학회) 2016 자원·환경경제연구 Vol.25 No.1

독일은 환경 친화적이며 지구온난화현상에 직접적으로 영향을 미치는 이산화탄소 배출을 억제하는 방향으로 에너지정책을 실시하고 있다. 이를 기초로 환경 및 에너지 기술개발을 통한 지속가능한 성장정책을 실시하여 왔다. 따라서 독일의 에너지정책과 지속성장정책의 핵심을 이루는 요소는 재생에너지개발 보급제도, 생태적 에너지세, 배출권 거래제도 등이라고 할 수 있다. 특히 재생에너지 개발 및 보급을 통하여 화석연료 사용을 최소화하고 동시에 화석에너지 사용으로 인한 탄소배출비용을 지불하게 하는 탄소세 및 배출권거래 제도를 실시하여 재생에너지개발을 정책적으로 지원하고 있다. 본 논문은 재생에너지정책을 추진하면서 재생에너지 사용을 실질적으로 증가시키고 경제성장을 달성하여 환경에 미치는 부정적 영향을 최소화 하면서 지속가능한 발전이 현실적으로 가능한지에 대해 독일의 정책사례를 중심으로 한 조사 및 분석에 관한 연구이다. 실제로 경제성장을 위한 증가하는 에너지소비를 재생에너지로 대체할 수 있거나 경제성장을 달성하면서도 에너지소비가 증가하지 않는다면 환경에 부정적인 영향을 미치지 않고 지속가능한 성장을 달성할 수 있다. 이러한 전제조건을 충족시키는 모델사례가 독일의 에너지정책과 지속가능발전전략이며 이를 정책과 전략으로서 논리적으로 증명하는 것이 본 논문의 목적이다. Germany has carried out its environment friendly energy policy to prevent CO2 emission that affects directly to the global warming phenomenon. Based on this direction, it has performed a sustainable development strategy through the R & D activities in environment and energy technologies. Accordingly, the core elements of German energy and sustainable development policies are renewable energy, ecological energy tax, and emission trading system. In particular, Germany has supported to develop renewable energy resources that prevents from consuming fossil energy resources. At the same time, it has set the ecological energy tax and initiated the emission trading system in order to support the renewable energy policy continuously. This paper analyze whether or not it is possible to generate an economic growth and a sustainable development while using renewable energy resources based on the renewable energy policy that minimize the negative effects on the environment. For that, the paper adopts Germany as a model country. In fact, it is possible to achieve the economic growth and the sustainable development if a nation can substitute increasing energy consumption for the economic growth to renewable energy resources that does not affect to the environment negatively. This model is the German energy policy and sustainable development strategy, and it is the purpose of the paper to prove it logically.

우리나라 기업의 동유럽 천연가스 플랜트시장 진출전략에 관한 연구

박상철 ( Sang Chul Park ) 한국EU학회 2013 EU학연구 Vol.18 No.1

천연가스는 매장량이 석유보다 풍부하고 청정성, 안정성, 편리성이 뛰어나 글로벌 시장에서 수요가 지속적으로 빠르게 증가하고 있다. 따라서 천연가스 소비량은 제 1차 글로벌 에너지시장에서 2010년 23%를 차지하고 있으며 석탄, 석유 다음으로 가장 중요한 에너지 자원으로 활용되고 있다. 21세기에 천연가스는 신재생에너지와 더불어 가장 선호되는 에너지원으로서 급성장하고 있으며 향후 2030년까지 글로벌 에너지시장에서 천연가스 소비량이 급증하게 될 것으로 예측되고 있다. 동유럽의 천연가스 소비량은 서유럽과 비교할 때 상대적으로 매우 적은 규모이다. 그럼에도 불구하고 동유럽 천연가스 시장의 중요성이 대두되는 것은 북아프리카, 중동, 중앙아시아 등으로부터 수입되는 파이프라인 천연가스 및 액화천연가스 등이 동유럽 시장의 수요만을 위한 것이 아니라 서유럽 시장 공급에 지리적으로 매우 중요한 특성이 있기 때문이다. 또한 동유럽 내 천연가스 관련 시장진입은 상대적으로 낮은 신흥시장으로 인식되고 있다. 특히 2007년 이후에 새롭게 유럽연합 신규회원국으로 가입한 동유럽국가의 경제발전 및 서유럽으로의 천연가스 수송을 위해서는 동유럽국가에 액화천연가스 (LNG) 터미널 및 플랜트 시설을 건설하여야 한다. 타 지역에 비하여 시장규모는 작지만 서유럽이라는 거대규모의 배후시장의 존재로 인하여 잠재성이 매우 큰 시장이다. 따라서 우리나라 에너지기업의 동유럽시장 진입을 위한 전략적 접근방법 및 분석이 필요하다. The consumption of natural gas on the global market has continuously increased rapidly because it has an abundance of reserves compared to crude oil and is superior to the crude oil in terms of purity, safety, and conveniency. As a result, the total consumption of natural gas in the global primary energy market accounted for 23 percent in 2010 that ranked the third important energy resources in the world along with coal and petroleum. In the 21st century, natural gas is regarded as one of the most preferable energy resources along with renewable energy resources and its demand increases rapidly. Accordingly it is expected that the demand of natural gas will increase continuously in the global energy market until 2030. The total consumption of natural gas in the Eastern Europe is rather little compared with the Western Europe``s consumption. Despite its small size of consumption of natural gas, the importance of natural gas market in the Eastern Europe emerged due to its geographical importance. The Eastern Europe plays a role of the gate to import pipeline natural gas (PNG) and liquefied natural gas (LNG) from Russia, North Africa, Middle East, and Central Asia on the one hand, and it also plays important roles to deliver natural gas further to the West Europe. Additionally, the natural gas market in the Eastern Europe is regarded as a low barrier market to enter. In order to secure a further economic development for the 10 EU member nations in the Eastern Europe since 2007 and to supply natural gas to the Western Europe, it is absolutely necessary to build LNG terminals and plants in the Eastern European countries. It means that the market has a high potential to grow continuously that can be a huge business opportunity for South Korean corporations to enter the new market. Therefore, it is necessary to explore how to analyze the new market and to enter it strategically.