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안전하고 공정한 세계-지구시스템을 위한 행성성과 행성적 통로
박명림,조소현 한국공간환경학회 2022 공간과 사회 Vol.32 No.4
The current climate, ecological, and health crises appear in the form of complex disasters due to inter-connectivity, frequency, repetition and inequity of disasters. The critical acuteness of the current situation goes to the stage of climate emergency or climate hell beyond the climate crisis. As a process of moving toward comprehensive views, a new framework of perspectives and concepts is needed, which is based on the multilateral analyses on the present emergency. Therefore, this paper aims to seek integrated approaches for grasping the nature of today’s complex crises. Then, this paper presents the concept of ‘Planetarity’, ‘Safe and Just World-Earth System’ and ‘Planetary Corridor’ as a proper way. By and through these approaches, we can overcome the polarized dichotomy between ‘World’ as a human community and ‘Earth’ as an environmental condition. The planetary approaches encompass the World and Earth system simultaneously with the planetarity, a heterogeneous space-time where irregular entanglement and co-existence of multiple, but contradictory facets occurs. The pursuit of planetarity and a planetary corridor will broaden a theoretically and epistemologically feasible path toward safe and just solutions of complex disasters. 현재의 기후·생태·보건 위기는 재난의 빈발성과 반복성, 상호연결성과 불공정성으로 인해 복합 재난의 형태로 드러나고 있다. 급기야 기후위기(climate crisis)를 넘어 기후 응급상황(climate emergency)과 기후지옥(climate hell)으로 불리는 단계다. 이에 인류가 마주한 응급상황에 대한 다각적·다층적 진단을 바탕으로, 포괄적인 해법을 마련하기 위한 새로운 개념체계가 필요하다. 본고는 현재의 복합 위기에 적합한 동시에 통합적인 개념체계와 접근을 모색한다. ‘행성성(planetarity)’, ‘안전하고 공정한 세계-지구 시스템’, ‘행성적 통로’가 그것들이다. 이러한 시도는 인간 공동체로서의 ‘세계(World)’와 환경적 조건으로서의 ‘지구(Earth)’라는 이분법을 극복하고 연결하는 ‘행성(Planet)’ 차원의 접근을 말한다. 행성적 접근의 행성성은 다중 요소의 불규칙한 공존과 얽힘이 발생하는 이질적 시공간을 통해 세계와 지구시스템을 포괄한다. 따라서 행성성과 행성적 통로는 오늘의 복합 재난에 대한 안전하고 공정한 해법을 마련하기 위한 개념과 사유의 틀을 넓혀줄 것이다.
박명림 한국학술연구원 2019 Korea Observer Vol.50 No.2
The erroneously conceived conventional perspective on the March 1st Movement should be revisited, first from anti-Japanese struggle to peaceful coexistence through the spirit of mea culpa. Mea culpa, a self-reflection has been a long tradition of the Koreans during the critical crisis of the nation. The movement introduces the gravity of coexistence rather than antagonism against the enemy. Further, the March 1st Movement should no longer be considered as the independence movement. The movement was only to declare and to restore the immovable fact: Korea has always enjoyed its long-lasting history an independent state just like other states. Lastly, the March 1st Movement remarks the cosmopolitan point where the opportunities from the world brought the locals to directly face with their subjectivity. The March 1st Movement therefore is obliged to be reinterpreted as the movement of world citizens, for the restoration and perpetual peace, through the spirit of mea culpa.
한국분단의 특수성과 두 한국 -지역냉전, 적대적 의존, 그리고 토크빌 효과-
박명림 역사문제연구소 2004 역사문제연구 Vol.- No.13
On the global scale, for the last one and half decades there have been so many catastrophic transformations including the German unification, collapse of the socialist countries in Eastern Europe, demise of the Soviet Union, global democratization and globalization, 9-11 attack, and the rise of the global empire and its unilateralism etc. On the Korean peninsula, however, the division of the two Koreas still continues. What were/are the mam characteristics or peculiarities of the Korean division to overcome these turbulent changes? First of all we should not understand and confine the Korean division just as a `national` one. It has a three-folded architecture on the international, regional, and national level, or international, national and domestic level respectively. As an offspring of the global cold war, the two Koreas were basically the outposts of the global cold war confrontation. Such architecture resulted in the long stability of the Korean division. Secondly, contrary to the European cold war, in East Asia there have been an intermediate dimension of the cold war structure, a regional one including Sino-American confrontational relations, Sino-Japanese rivalry, North Korea-China alliance, South Korea-America alliance, North Korea`s confrontation with America and Japan etc. And it still remains without any fundamental change. The continuation of the regional cold war paved the way for sustaining the cold war structure on the peninsula. One more feature here in East Asia was the nationalistic trait of the socialist countries like North Korea. Due to the nationalistic posture, North Korea could not include the boundary of the direct control of the USSR Thirdly, we can find the "paradoxical" coexistence between antagonism and dependence of the authoritarian regimes based on the interfacial dynamics of the two divided countries. This relational dynamics of antagonistic dependence was a sort of symbiotic antagonism as a part of the whole order or system. Fourth, the two Koreas simultaneously intensified `domestic` integration and `relational` antagonism. We can figure out this kind of mutual entanglement as a negative integration. Finally, so called the Tocquevillean effects were the unintended consequences of the Korean division. Ironically the Korean division has produced not only negative effects but also positive ones on the development of industrialization, social integration, civil society, and democracy. The macro-impact of the division was basically double-sided. Now, with the simultaneous progress of `economic` cooperation, and `military` confrontation stemmed from nuclear crisis, the basic facet of the Korean division was drastically transformed from the `symmetrically` symbiotic antagonism to the `asymmetrically` one. If we can solve the North Korea`s nuclear problem peacefully, then, the Korean problem including the division and inter-Korean relations will enter into the new stage of cooperation and co-prosperity with the counter-freezing effect of the post-cold war.