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박다솜,김소섭,구덕본,강만종 사단법인 한국동물생명공학회 2019 한국동물생명공학회지 Vol.34 No.3
The Transgenic livestock can be useful for the production of disease-resistant animals, pigs for xenotranplantation, animal bioreactor for therapeutic recombinant proteins and disease model animals. Previously, conventional methods without using artificial nuclease-dependent DNA cleavage system were used to produce such transgenic livestock, but their efficiency is known to be low. In the last decade, the development of artificial nucleases such as zinc-finger necleases (ZFNs), transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs) and clustered regulatory interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/Cas has led to more efficient production of knock-out and knock-in transgenic livestock. However, production of knock-in livestock is poor. In mouse, genetically modified mice are produced by co-injecting a pair of knock-in vector, which is a donor DNA, with a artificial nuclease in a pronuclear fertilized egg, but not in livestock. Gene targeting efficiency has been increased with the use of artificial nucleases, but the knock-in efficiency is still low in livestock. In many research now, somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) methods used after selection of cell transfected with artificial nuclease for production of transgenic livestock. In particular, it is necessary to develop a system capable of producing transgenic livestock more efficiently by co-injection of artificial nuclease and knock-in vectors into fertilized eggs.
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Analysis of High-Concentration PM2.5 Episodes during Winter 2019-2020 in Seoul, Korea
박다솜,최효정,채찬병,강문석,김지호,이은애,정윤배,선우영 한국대기환경학회 2021 Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment (AJAE) Vol.15 No.3
PM2.5 is a WHO-designated first-class carcinogen and coping with high-concentration situations with high human risk is becoming more important. In particular, Korea has a high concentration of PM2.5 in winter due to its geographical characteristics, which can be largely divided into foreign inflows and domestic atmospheric stability. To determine this, wind patterns and air pressure data were analyzed representatively and episodes about high concentration phenomena were classified. In this study, high-concentration PM2.5 episodes, where the daily average PM2.5 concentration in Seoul exceeded 35 μg/m3 between October 2019 to March 2020, were analyzed case-by-case. The criteria for the separation of consecutive episodes were established. Then, the designated episodes were classified into four categories based on cause: atmospheric stagnation, combination of causes, penetration from abroad, and accumulation. To identify the causes of the episodes, wind direction, wind speed data, wind roses, and air quality forecast modeling data obtained from “Air Korea” were studied. Fifteen episodes were identified and analyzed and each were given a classification type. Furthermore, the phenomenon of high-concentration episodes was summarized after detailed individual analysis of the episodes. As a result of case analysis, just before there was an inflow from abroad due to strong wind speed, a characteristic of low PM2.5 concentration of air quality as a kind of cleaning effect could be found. In addition, alarm-level PM2.5 concentrations of 75 μg/m3 or higher were often made by external inflow. This will contribute towards identifying the main causes of high PM2.5 concentration episodes in Korea when it is applied over a longer time period.
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Simple Morphological Control of ZnPc Thin Films Grown on SubPc Underlayer
박다솜,임상규 대한화학회 2015 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.36 No.3
Morphological templating in molecular double-layer thin films, i.e., the phenomenon where the surface morphology of the top layer is strongly influenced by that of the underlying layer, was investigated to control the surface nanomorphology of zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPc) thin films. Three types of molecular thin films, ZnPc single-layer, chloro[subphthalocyaninato]boron(III) (SubPc) single-layer, and ZnPc on SubPc (SubPc/ZnPc) double-layer thin films were grown on glass substrates and post-annealed at 250 °C. While the changes in surface roughness and morphology of the ZnPc single layer were negligible during post-annealing, the roughness of the SubPc/ZnPc double layer significantly increased, similar to that of the SubPc single-layer film. However, the lateral size of the surface crystallites of the SubPc/ZnPc film did not change apparently. Consequently, the fabricated regular, nanopillar-like surface morphology obtained by this simple treatment is expected to provide desirable interdigitated donor–acceptor interface with large contact area for small-molecule organic photovoltaic device applications. In addition, the ZnPc and SubPc single-layer thin films showed absorption maxima in different spectral regions; hence, the double-layer film absorbed the incident light effectively in a broader spectral range.
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Vacuum-Deposited Organic Solar Cells Based on a Dicyanovinyl- Terminated Small-Molecule Donor
박다솜,정인환,장성연,임상규 한국고분자학회 2019 Macromolecular Research Vol.27 No.5
The design and synthesis of photoactive semiconducting materials with an appropriate band gap and charge transport properties are crucial for developing vacuum-deposited organic solar cells (VD-OSCs). In this work, we synthesized a novel conjugated material, 2,2'-(((4,8-bis(5-(2-ethylhexyl)thiophen-2-yl)benzo[1,2-b:4,5- b']dithiophene-2,6-diyl)bis([2,2'-bithiophene]-5',5-diyl))bis(methanylylidene))dimalononitrile (BBTBDTM), with a symmetric A-π-D-π-A architecture. BBTBDTM contains benzodithiophene as the central donor (D), bithiophene as the conjugated spacer (π), and dicyanovinyl as the acceptor (A). This effective “push-pull” structure gives rise to a bandgap of 1.5 eV and leads to the favorable energy level alignment with the C60 acceptor that is suitable for solar flux absorption and charge transport in VD-OSCs. Notably, the insertion of the co-deposited BBTBDTM:C60 layer between the BBTBDTM and C60 layers improved the interfacial contact between BBTBDTM and C60. As a result, the power conversion efficiency of the BBTBDTM:C60-based VDOSCs reaches 1.49% (Voc of 0.70 V, Jsc of 4.56 mA cm-2 and FF of 0.47) under AM 1.5 illumination.
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김승옥의 「건(乾)」에 나타난 주체화 과정과 소급적서사구성
박다솜 한국현대문학회 2017 한국현대문학연구 Vol.0 No.53
This study examines the process of subjectivization of Kim Seung-ok's “Gun,” and discusses the retroactive composition of the growth narrative. Unlike the German Bildungsroman, the Korean growth novels are pessimistic about the world of adults. Nonetheless, characters in novels want to be incorporated into the adult world. As they enter a depraved and snobbish adult world, they lose their purity of childhood. Kim Seung-ok's “Gun” has also been regarded as a novel in which young narrator loses his purity and becomes part of the adult world. However, this study suggests that this linear time of growth novel shall be viewed from a different viewpoint. What if a pure child does not become a depraved adult, but after becoming a depraved adult, he finds his childhood. The pure childhood, described in “Gun” is retroactively organized by adults. Three characters, “Me, Brother, Father,” represent “childhood, adolescence, adulthood.” In other words, novels deal with three stages of growth, not the stories of three different characters. In this way, ‘brother’ is a person who shows the process of involvement. Therefore, in Chapter 2 of this paper, the process of involvement is clarified through analysis of the friends of the brother and the brother. Chapter 3 of this paper deals with the retroactive composition of growth novels. I get clues from existing research, redefine the meaning of childhood in the novel. Through this, I want to show that the beauty of childhood represented by ‘I’ is composed by ‘father.’ 본 연구는 김승옥의 단편 「건(乾)」에 나타난 주체화 과정을 살펴본 후, 성장서사의소급적 구성에 관해 논하고자 한다. 독일의 교양소설(Bildungsroman)과 달리 한국의 성장소설은 성인들의 세계를 비관적으로 바라보고 있다. 그럼에도 불구하고 김승옥 소설 속 인물들은 성인 세계에 편입되기를 원한다. 타락하고 속물적인 성인 세계로들어오면서 그들은 유년시절의 순수한 자아를 상실하게 된다. 김승옥의 소설 「건(乾)」역시 어린 화자가 순수한 자아를 상실하고 어른들의 세계에 편입되는 과정을 그린 소설로 평가받아 왔다. 그러나 본 연구는 성장소설의 이러한 선형적 시간을 다른 관점에서 볼 것을 제안한다. 순수한 아이가 타락한 어른이 되는 것이 아니라, 타락한 어른이 되고 나서야 자신의 순수한 시절을 찾아나서는 것이다. 즉, 건(乾) 에서 묘사되는 순수한 유년시절은 이미 성장을 마친 성인에 의해 소급적으로 구성된 것이다. 「건(乾)」에 등장하는 세 명의 인물 “나, 형, 아버지”는 각자 “유년기, 청년기, 성년기”를 상징한다. 곧 소설은 세 명의 다른 인물에 대한 이야기가 아니라 한 사람이 살면서 겪는 세 단계의 성장 과정을 다루고 있다. 이렇게 본다면 ‘형’은 어린 아이가 어른이 되는 과정의 길목에서 인간의 입사가 어떻게 이루어지는지 보여주는 인물이라고 할 수 있다. 따라서 본 논문의 2장에서는 형과 형의 친구들에 대한 분석을 통해 주체의 입사과정을 해명한다. 3장에서는 성장소설의 소급적 구성에 관해 다룬다. 기존의 연구에서 단서를 얻어, 「건(乾) 」에서 그려지는 유년시절의 환상성이 무슨 의미를 갖고 있는지 재고한다. 이를 통해 ‘나’로 표상되는 유년시절의 아름다움이 ‘아버지’에 의해 구성된 것임을 밝히고자 한다.
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