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서남해 연해 도서지역의 촌락발달과 경지확대과정-지도․압해도․장산도를 중심으로-
류제헌,임현오 국립목포대학교 도서문화연구원 2011 島嶼文化 Vol.0 No.38
The littoral islands in the Southwestern Sea are a part of the so-called Korean Archipelago that belongs to the administrative area of Shinan-gun, Jeonnam Province. They are not only characterized by a particular insular environment but also a unique historical and cultural background. The littoral islands in the Southwestern Sea were totally depopulated in the late Goryeo Dynasty and the early Joseon Dynasty. The depopulation of these islands was mainly due to the evacuation policy on the islands. Only after the Japanese invasion in 1592, new settlements started to form and develop on the littoral islands, with the residential area called Ӧkumene rapidly extending As compared with the adjacent and pelagic islands,the littoral islands demonstrated a dramatic increase in the population, which was directly associated with the expansion of arable land. On the littoral islands the most adequate settlement site was usually the valley which could be protected effectively from the northwestern seasonal wind during the wintertime. Once a rural settlement was located in the valley, the first stage of residential expansion occurred toward the lower altitude where people could secure the water. Then, followed the second stage of residential extension that occurred toward the locations near the arable lands. The growing number of incoming residents and their descendants, with the influx of later residents, contributed to the increase of workforce, which enabled people to build up dykes and dams for the reclamation of coastal lands. The construction of dykes and dams was accompanied by the reclamation along the coast, which in turn resolved the population pressure on the land. The villages that could overcome the population pressure have maintained a steady phase of residential expansion. Those which could not overcome the population pressure have entered a phase of stagnation and even extinction. In the Joseon Dynasty, the arable lands on the littoral islands were expanded in area within the limitation from the landform condition. During the Japanese occupation, along with the introduction of civil engineering at an advanced level, a medium-scale reclamation project was launched, connecting the subsidiary islands with the main island. After the liberation (1945), a large-scale reclamation project was actively carried out with the support from the government, companies and private school foundations
The Modern Production of Multiple Meanings of the Baekdudaegan Mountain System
류제헌,원두희 한국학중앙연구원 한국학중앙연구원 2013 Korea Journal Vol.53 No.3
In the late 1990s, enthusiasm for hiking the Baekdudaegan mountain system expanded beyond professional mountain climbers to the general public. Along with the increase in interest in Baekdudaegan, a series of efforts were made to arrange legal protection for Baekdudaegan. Eventually, the Korea Forest Service, with support from congressmen, proposed a special law with the sole purpose of protecting Baekdudaegan. In executing the law, the protection of the natural ecosystem was considered to be much more important than the promotion of national identity. After the enactment of the Baekdudaegan Protection Act, each administrative body, at both the local and national level, has individually used the term “Baekdudaegan” to realize its own political and economic objectives and ideologies. The term has also been used as an ideological tool to construct regional alliances among the local governments that share geographical proximity to Baekdudaegan. As Baekdudaegan evolved into an individual space, it began to be perceived as a space where an individual could mentally prepare to overcome hardships. In conjunction with the new symbolic meanings attached to Baekdudaegan, prominent individuals have recently begun hiking the Baekdudaegan in order to bolster their public image.
류제헌 한국학중앙연구원 한국학중앙연구원 2012 Korea Journal Vol.52 No.1
The present patterns of naming around Bupyeong-gu of Incheon reflect the long and contentious history of Japanese colonialism, the significance of reinstating Korean toponyms after liberation, and the contemporary politics of culture, identity, and belonging. The vernacular toponyms of Bupyeong have played an important role in the construction of identity among the people who identify themselves with the imagined community named Bupyeong. It is speculated that local Korean residents were still using these autochthonyms, or vernacular toponyms, as substitutes for the Japanese names during the Japanese colonial period. Since the 1980s, indigenous toponyms have disappeared in everyday conversations, while being replaced by the names of apartment complexes. Wontei Gogae, by contrast, is an old vernacular toponym that is still in use along with the creation of humorous nicknames. The toponym Datagumi can be classified as a kind of resistant toponym in that it has no alternative toponym. Since the 1940s, Samneung, the Korean pronunciation of a Japanese toponym, has been used as an alternative toponym to the official toponym Bupyeong 2-dong. The vernacular toponym Cheolmasan has been so wellknown that everyone recognizes it. In the time of displacement of residents due to rapid urbanization, however, people misidentified the name Cheolmasan with two other mountains.
류제헌 대한지리학회 2005 대한지리학회지 Vol.40 No.6
On Kyeryong Mountain, different religious(or ideological) groups have endowed space and place withamalgams of different meanings, uses and values. In addition to Buddhism and Confucianism, Shamanism and otherpopular beliefs have practiced their own ideologies(or powers) to create and maintain their own territories andidentities. The geographies of resistance, involving Shamanism, have been scattered all over the mountain,discontinuous in the territorialization. These geographies of resistance could be identified the best around the mostsacred sites, such as Sambulbong, Amyongchu and Sutyongchu. The entanglement of Shamanism with Buddhism, invarious patterns through space and time, has indeed contributed to the survival of Shamanism as a subordinate power. 계룡산에는 상이한 종교(또는 이념) 집단들이 다양한 의미와 가치를 부여하며 이용해 온 공간과 장소들이 있다. 불교와 유교그리고 무속을 포함하는 민간 신앙들은 자기 고유의 영역과 정체성을 생산하고 관리하기 위하여 제각기 다른 이념(또는 세력)을 구현하여 왔다. 무속을 중심으로 하는 저항의 지리는 계룡산 전역에 걸쳐 불연속적인 영역을 기반으로 진행되어 왔다. 이러한 저항의지리가 가장 뚜렷하게 확인되는 지점은 삼불봉, 암용추, 숫용추 등이다. 지금까지 무속과 불교의 공간적이고 시간적인 뒤엉킴을 통하여 피지배 세력인 무속이 생존하여 왔던 것이다.