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마이크로 컨트롤러 ATmega2561을 이용한 원격 주문 시스템
김학송 ( Hak-song Kim ),문민환 ( Min-hwan Moon ) 한국정보처리학회 2010 한국정보처리학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.17 No.2
최근 원격에 대한 관심이 높아지면서 서비스 산업 분야에도 원격이 개발되고 있다. 그 중에서 요식업 분야는 원격이 적용되기에 최적의 분야이다. 본 논문에서는 AVR을 활용하여 원격 주문 시스템을 개발 한 것이다. 이 시스템은 서비스 제공자와 서비스 이용자 모두에게 서비스의 질적 향상을 가져다 줄 것이다. 따라서 AVR을 활용한 원격 주문 시스템의 개발은 요식업 분야에서 원격으로 서비스를 제공한다는 측면에서 발전 가능성이 있다고 본다.
개에서 기절심근 및 관동맥 내피기능 회복에 미치는 관동맥내 Propofol의 영향
유경연,김별아,김학송 대한마취과학회 1998 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.35 No.5
Background : Oxygen-derived free radicals are known to contribute to tissue injury during myocardial ischemia and reperfusion. Recent in vitro studies have shown that propofol has potent antioxidant properties. The present study was aimed to investigate the effects of propofol on recovery of mechanical and coronary endothelial function in a myocardial stunning model. Methods : Thirty-five dogs were acutely instrumented under halothane anesthesia to measure aortic and left ventricular pressure, pulmonary and left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) flow, and subendocardial segment length. After completion of the surgery, halothane was replaced by fentanyl- midazolam. Animals were then subjected to 15 min of LAD occlusion and 3 hrs of reperfusion under either intracoronary (i.c.) propofol (5 g/mL, n=11; 20 g/mL LAD flow, n=12) or vehicle (saline, n=12) for 1 hr beginning 30 min before LAD occlusion. Percent segment shortening (%SS) and the slope of the preload recruitable stroke work (Mw), as an index of regional myocardial contractility, and peak lengthening rate (dL/dtmax) and percent post-systolic shortening (%PSS), as an index of regional diastolic function, were evaluated. Coronary endothelial function was assessed by examining LAD flow response to i.c. acetylcholine (ACh, 1 g over I min) and i.c. sodium nitroprusside (SNP, 20 g over I min). The myocardial content of malondialdehyde (MDA) from LAD area was measured to evaluate lipid peroxidation. Results : Despite equally severe ischemic dysfunction during LAD occlusion, recovery of %SS was significantly improved during reperfusion by either dose of propofol compared to controls. However, Mw recovered to the baseline within 60 min of reperfusion in all three groups. In addition, propofol-treated dogs showed better recovery of both indices of regional diastolic function (dL/dtmax and %PSS) as compared to controls. Ischemia-reperfusion similarly attenuated the increases in the LAD flow by ACh in all the groups, whereas it had no significant effect on these increases in LAD flow by SNP. The increase in MDA induced by ischemia and reperfusion was significantly suppressed by either dose of propofol. Conclusions : The results indicate that propofol attenuates mechanical but not coronary endothelial dysfunction in postischemic, reperfused myocardium in an open-chest canine model. The protective action of propofol against mechanical dysfunction is probably due to its effect to reduce lipid peroxidation. (Korean J Anesthesiol 1998; 35: 812∼824)
산모의 적출 자궁근 자발운동에 미치는 아편양제제의 영향
곽상현,유경연,정창영,임웅모,김학송 대한마취과학회 2000 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.39 No.6
Background : Effects of fentanyl, sufentanil, meperidine, and morphine on the spontaneous contractility of isolated human pregnant uterine muscle strips were determined. Methods : Uterine specimens were obtained from normal full-term parturients undergoing elective lower-segment cesarean section. Longitudinal muscle strips were made and mounted individually and vertically in tissue chambers to record their isometric tension. After establishment of rhythmic contractions in the buffer solution, opioid concentration-response curves were constructed. The responses to opioids were repeated in the presence of opioid receptor blocker, nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, β- adrenoceptor blocker, or cyclo-oxygenase inhibitor. Results: Fentanyl and meperidine caused concentration-dependent decreases of the uterine contractility, their IC50 (concentration which causes 50% inhibition of the amplitude of spontaneous contractions) being 6.8×10-6 M and 2.2×10-3 M, respectively. On the contrary, sufentanil and morphine w without significant effects on the contractility. Pretreatment with either naloxone, N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester, atenolol, or indomethacin did not affect the uterine responses to opioids. Conclusions : These results demonstrate that fentanyl and meperidine may have direct inhibitory effects on the contractility of the human uterus. However, the opioid concentrations needed to significantly reduce the uterine contractility were at a supraclinical range. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2000; 39: 775- 779)
헤파린화된 개에서 소량의 프로타민 전투여가 프로타민의 혈압 하강작용에 미치는 영향
이준철,곽상현,유경연,김학송 대한마취과학회 1998 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.35 No.3
Introduction : Protamine reversal of heparin anticoagulation in patients often produces profound hypotension. The present study was aimed to investigate the effectiveness of pretreatment with a small dose (0.5 mg·kg-1) of protamine in attenuating protamine-induced systemic hypotension in heparinized dogs. Methods : Forty mongrel dogs were pretreated with either intravenous saline (control group, n=19) or protamine 0.5 mg·kg-1 (protamine group, n=11) 5 minutes after heparin (300 IU·kg-1, iv) during 1.5% halothane anesthesia. All dogs were then given protamine 3 mg·kg 1 over a period of 30 s through right atrium 10 minutes after the pretreatment. Mean arterial pressure (MAP), mean pulmonary arterial pressure (MPAP), left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP), heart rate (HR), and cardiac output and left circumflex coronary flow (LCX flow) via Doppler flowmeter were continuously recorded in baseline conditions and up to 20 minutes. Calculated parameters included cardiac index (CI), systemic and pulmonarscular resistance indices (SVRI and PVRI), and LV dp/dt. Results : In the control group, protamine infusion caused immediate but transient decreases of MAP (-42%), CI (-58%), LVEDP (-53%) and dP/dt (-25%), and increases of MPAP (39%), SVRI (38%) and PVRI (4.0 fold). Protamine pretreatment significantly attenuated but not completely blocked the hemodynamic responses to protamine. LCX flow increased significantly (213∼258%) immediately after protamine infusion in both groups. Conclusions : These results suggest that, in the heparinized dog, pretreatment with a small dose of protamine attenuates the degree of hypotension that may follow the rapid administration of protamine. (Korean J Anesthesiol 1998; 35: 397∼403)