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중환자의 초기 경장영양 공급 시 위잔여량에 따른 임상적 특징 분석
유소영 ( So Young Yu ),김은미 ( Eun Mee Kim ),조영연 ( Young Y Cho ),라미용 ( Mi Yong Rha ),김진용 ( Jin Young Kim ),장동경 ( Dong Kyung Chang ),서정민 ( Jeong Meen Seo ) 한국정맥경장영양학회 2010 한국정맥경장영양학회지 Vol.3 No.1
Purpose: A high gastric residual volume (GRV) occurs early and frequently in patients who are receiving nasogastric tube feeding in the intensive care unit (ICU). This study analyzed the clinical and nutritional characteristics of ICU patients who received nasogastric tube feeding according to the GRV. Methods: The subjects were 76 patients who were admitted to the ICU at S Medical Center from January, 2009 to May, 2009 and who received enteral nutrition (EN)support. Tube feeding was skipped when the GRV was over 50~100 cc. The patients who experienced meal skipping due to high GRVs comprised the GRV group, and the patients whose feeding was never skipped due to high GRVs comprised the non-GRV group. The general, clinical and nutritional characteristics were determined at the beginning of the EN support, and the method of EN was collected for the first 3 days of tube feeding. Results: Nine patients experienced meal skipping due to GRV. There were no significant differences between the GRV and NGRV group in terms of age (60.4 vs. 61.8 years for GRV and NGRV, respectively; same respective order hereafter), pre-npo (5.0 vs. 4.7 days) and the ICU stay (20.5vs. 23.7 days). Significant differences were evident in the GRV group concerning the ratio of male patients (55.2%vs. 88.9%; P<0.05), the medical-ICU patients (35.8% vs.88.9%; P<0.05) and the sedated patients (29.8% vs.66.7%; P<0.05). The BMI (22.4 vs. 21.8 kg/m2) and TLC(2,252 vs. 1,137 cells/mm3) values were not significantly different between the two groups. The serum albumin level(3.1 vs. 2.6 g/dl) was significantly lower in the GRV group(P<0.05) and the C-reactive protein level (8.11 vs. 19.02mg/dl) and the ratio of moderately and severely malnourished patients (25.4% and 77.8%) was significantly higher in the GRV group (P<0.05). The mean feeding volume (731vs. 688 cc) and ratio of the feeding rate (129 vs. 127 ml/h)during the first 3 days on EN was not significantly different between the two groups, nor was the required/maximum feeding volume (9.8 vs. 8.2 days).Conclusion: In the GRV group, the ratio of male to sedated patients was significantly higher than that in the other group. The ratio of moderately and severely malnourished patients was also significantly higher in the GRV group. There were no significant differences in the methods of EN support. (KJPEN 2010;3(1):50-53)
Ti3Al-Nb 합금의 α2 상의 형상과 부피분율이 기계적 성질에 미치는 영향
이두영,김낙준,김진용,조원석 대한금속재료학회(대한금속학회) 1992 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.30 No.9
A study has been made on the fracture behavior of a two-phase (α₂+β) Ti₃Al-Nb alloy, with particular emphasis on the effect of morphology. The coarse colony structure obtained by continuously annealing in the two-phase region directly from the β region results in poor elongation ductility. The fine colony structure obtained by two-phase annealing th β-quenched specimen also results in poor elongation ductility. However, upon obtaining a fine equiaxed or basket-weave structures by following different transformation paths, improvements occur in elongation ductility without any sacrifice in strength. For the fine equiaxed structure, maximum elongation is obtained at the intermediate volume fraction of α₂, while for the basket-weave structure, increase in the volume fraction of α₂ increases the elongation. Detailed fracture analysis shows that different fracture mechanism operates for different morphology and the critical microstructural unit for arresting fracture also varies depending on the morphology.