만경강 하구의 저서동물과 서식환경에 관한 연구

김지식 ( Chi Shik Kim ) 한국하천호수학회 1991 생태와 환경 Vol.24 No.1

In order to study the ecological structure on estuarine zoobenthos during the period from September, 1989 to August, 1990 in estuary of Man Kyong River, the followings are investigated through the analysis of inhabited environment, species occurrence, individual number, dominance and diversity indices. 1. The number of total zoobenthos taxa collected from estuary of Man Kyung River was appeared 43 species, 38 genera, 27 families, 14 orders, 9 classes in 5 phyla. All species occurrence distinguishes about 46.2% crustacea and 41.1% polychaeta. 2. The species occurrence according to the each sites increased gradually from the upper region to the mouth of estuary, and the total individual numbers decreased to some degree at Wolpo but in the other sites they appeared as the same. 3. The total individual numbers and species occurrence according to each season appeared more about twice in summer than in winter. 4. The dominant species are different according to the season and sites. Generally Neanthes japonica, Nereis heterocirrata, Ilyoplax dentimerosa, I. Pingi are more abundant. 5. The dominance indices showed 0.14∼0.43, and the diversity indices showed 0.37∼0.95. 6. The salinity content showed about 0∼11‰ at low tide and about 2.13∼21.3‰ at high tide, while the value of dissolved oxygen showed 3.53∼4.27 ppm at low tide, and 5.54∼7.56 ppm at high tide. The average of pH appeared as 7.21. 7. The bottom soil consists of 92% fine sand, 44% medium sand and 3.3% the silt and clay, while about 2.7% of organic matter was measured.

조간대의 (潮間帶) 저서동물의 (底棲動物) 섭식행위가 (攝食行爲) 저질토 (底質土) 환경에 미치는 영향

김지식 ( Chi Shik Kim ) 한국하천호수학회 1986 생태와 환경 Vol.19 No.1·2

This experimental study was conducted to investigate how deposit-feeding Glycera decipiens and suspension-feeding Lingula unguis being macrobenthos affects the substratum of intertidal flat from July 10, 1985 to October 17, 1985. This study proved that organic matter reduced rapidly owing to deposition in the benthos-unliving environment and that the deposit-feeder restrains the reduction of the substratum more than the suspension-feeder; namely, the feeding behavior and movements of benthic animals increased the oxidation-reduction potentials of the substratum. On the other hand, it appeared that these benthic animals had little effect on the pH of the substratum. The distributional differences of fine particles come from the feeding behavior of benthic animals and Glycera decipiens promote the sandification of the substratum. The analytic values of total organic matter and total nitrogen matter appeared to be similar and Glycera decipiens promoted the denitrification of the substratum.

정상 성인에서 총콜레스테롤의 분별치와 관련 요인

홍인선(In-Sun Hong),김지식(Chi-Shik Kim),여영규(Yeong-Gyu Yeo) 대한의생명과학회 1996 Biomedical Science Letters Vol.2 No.2

정상 성인에서 혈청 총 콜레스테롤의 분별치 및 관련된 제요인을 파악하기 위하여 1995년 3월부터 10월까지 8개월 동안 전주 예수병원에서 의료보험 피보험자와 피부양자를 대상으로 한 정기 건강 검진을 받은 대상자 중 성별, 연령별, 혈압, 체중, 기타 생화학적 검사 결과를 분석하였으며, 이들 중 고혈압 등 질병이 없는 건강한 집단으로 1,818명을 분석하였다. 혈청 총 콜레스테롤의 분별치를 산정하기 위한 75th percentile값을 보면, 21~30세군에서 191 ㎎/㎗ 31~40군에서 195 ㎎/㎗, 41~50세군에서 214 ㎎/㎗, 51~60세군에서 227 ㎎/㎗, 그리고 61세 이상 군에서 222 ㎎/㎗ 이었다. 90th percentile값을 보면, 21~30세군에서 214 ㎎/㎗, 31~40군에서 214 ㎎/㎗, 41~50세군에서 239 ㎎/㎗, 51~60세군에서 253 ㎎/㎗, 그리고 61세 이상군에서 248 ㎎/㎗ 이었다. 혈청 총 콜레스테롤과 각 변수간의 상관관계는 연령과는 남ㆍ여 모두 유의한 관계를 보였고(p<0.001), 특히 여자에서 높은 상관성을 보였다. 비만지수인 PIBW, BMI와도 유의한 상관성을 보였고, 수축기혈압과 이완기혈압과도 관련성을 보였다. 대상자들의 흡연 여부와 혈청 총 콜레스테롤과의 관계는 흡연군이 191.6±35.0 ㎎/㎗ 이었고, 비흡연군이 194.9±35.9 ㎎/㎗였으며 두 집단간에는 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 음주에 따른 혈청 총 콜레스테롤의 측정치는 비음주군에서는 196.0±36.0 ㎎/㎗ 이었고, 음주 군에서는 188.9±34.5 ㎎/㎗로 두 군간에는 유의한 차이를 보였다. 운동 습관과 혈청 총 콜레스테롤의 관계는 규칙적으로 운동을 하는 군은 192.1±33.3 ㎎/㎗이었고, 운동을 하지 않는 군은 195.8±37.0 ㎎/㎗였으며 두 군간에는 유의한 차이를 보였다. The cut-off values and related factors for total cholesterol of serum in normal Korean adults were studied from March to October, 1995, based on the data of 1,818 healthy adults of human involved the male and female. The comparisons of the serum total cholesterol levels were analyzed by sex, age, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, body weight, height, PIBW, BMI and other biochemical tests. 1. The serum total cholesterol level were 194.4 ㎎/㎗ in total group, 186.9 ㎎/㎗ for male, and 197.6 ㎎/㎗ for female. 2. There was no significant differences by sex among the 21 to 50 ages group, but significantly higher in women than in men over 51 years old. 3. In general, the levels of serum total cholesterol were increased with age, the highest level in men was 192.7 ㎎/㎗ in 51 to 60 years old, and 210.5 ㎎/㎗ in more than 60 years old in women. 4. The cut-off values of serum total cholesterol for moderate risk. were 191 ㎎/㎗ in 21 to 30 years group, 195 ㎎/㎗ in 31 to 40 years, 214 ㎎/㎗ in 41 to 50 years, 227 ㎎/㎗ in 51 to 60 years, and 222 ㎎/㎗ in more than 61 years. The cut-off values of serum total cholesterol for high risk were 214 ㎎/㎗ in 21 to 30 years group, 214 ㎎/㎗ in 31 to 40 years, 239 ㎎/㎗ in 41 to 50 years, 253 ㎎/㎗ in 51 to 60 years, and 248 ㎎/㎗ in more than 61 years. 5. The mean values of serum total cholesterol were showed positive correlation with age, PIBW, BMI, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure. 6. Serum total cholesterol level of drinking group(188.9±34.5㎎/㎗) was showed lower than those of non-drinking group(196.0±36.0㎎/㎗). 7. Serum total cholesterol levels of regular excercise group(192.1±33.3 ㎎/㎗) was significantly lower than those of non regular excercise group(195.8±37.0 ㎎/㎗).

Estrogen이 닭의 혈청 단백질에 미치는 효과

김지식,최영자 群山大學校基礎科學硏究所 1998 基礎科學硏究 Vol.13 No.-

Leghorn종인 Starr cross 288을 부란 18일, 부화후 3일, 110일, 134일, 148일, 173일, 520일된 암탉과 또 산란 전시기에 있는 139일된 암탉에 estradiol benzoate로 처리하여 혈청 단백질 구성을 전기영동법으로 분석하였다. 그 결과 성장과정에 따른 영동대 수는 18일된 배 시기에서 7개 그리고 부화후 3일, 134일, 148일 된 것에서는 각각 9개 그리고 173일된 산란 닭에서는 다른 연령에 존재하지 않았던 1개의 영동대가 더 출현되어 모두 10개가 존재하였다. 그리고 139 일된 미 산란 닭에 estradiol benzoate로 처리한 군은 대조 군에서 나타나지 않았던 영동대가 1개 더 나타나 모두 10개가 존재하였다. The level of total serum protein in female fowl, from embryo to non-laying old hens, has been ascertain by disc-electrophoresis. The result of the experiment, showed that the number of bands in the serum protein of laying hens increased with the growth and reached maximum at the staged laying egg, however they decreased in non-laying old hen as follows. The bands of the serum protein of the embryo incubative for 18 days was shown 7. It was shown that two more bands appeared in the serum protein of the pullets 3, 110, 134 and 148 days old hens. It was shown that 10 bands appeared in the serum protein of the 173 days old laying hens. In the serum protein of 520 days old non-laying hens, bands decreased from 10 to 7. In the serum protein of 139 days old immatured hens injected estradiol benzoate appeared same bands as that of 173 days old laying hens.

개(Canis familiaris)의 뇌조직에서 수용성 단백질 구성에 관한 비교 연구

김지식,최영자 群山大學校基礎科學硏究所 1994 基礎科學硏究 Vol.9 No.-

In order to investigate protein composition of brain on Canis familiaris, this study was performed by SDS- PAGE, two-dimensional electrophoresis and molecular weight The results were as follows; 1. The number of protein bands by SDS -PAGE were 27 for cerebrum, 26 for midbrain, 26 for cerebellum, 28 for medulla oblongata, and 29 for spinal cord. 2. The molecular weight of nervous protein of brain constituted from 14.3 to 125.0 K daltons. The major protein bands constituted from 20 to 84.0 K daltons. 3. The number of noticeable spots by two-dimensional electrophoresis were shown as 11 for cerebrum, midbrain and spinal cord, 14 for medulla oblongata and 16 for cerebellum.

動物의 神經系 구성 蛋白質에 관한 生理化學的 比較 연구

金智植 群山大學校自然科學硏究所 1988 自然科學硏究 Vol.3 No.-

실험동물인 쥐, 토끼, 닭, 개구리, 붕어의 神經系 蛋白質의 특성을 규명하기 위하여 14% SDS-PAGE gradient gel 電氣泳動法을 이용하여 泳動分劃帶, 分子量 측정 및 각 실험동물의 主分劃帶 蛋白質의 아미노산 조성을 分析 하였다. 실험동물 별로 泳動帶의 染色强度 및 幅에서 특이한 電氣泳動像으로 種 特異性을 볼 수 있었다. 泳動帶 分劃數는 쥐, 토끼, 닭, 개구리와 붕어에서 각각 28, 21, 24, 16 및 17개로 分離되었다. 分子量 별로 본 band의 分布는 쥐가 17500∼165000 daltons, 토끼가 15000∼115000 daltons 닭이 15000∼135000 daltons, 개구리가 15000∼115000 daltons, 붕어가 11500∼105000 daltons 사이에 있음을 확인하였다. 각 실험동물들의 腦조직 蛋白質 구성은 11500∼49000 daltons 사이가 전체에 63% 비교적 적은 分子量의 蛋白質로 구성되었음을 알았다. Amino acid은 共히 Aps., Glu.,이 비교적 많은 量이 있었고 반면 Val., Met., Tyr.등은 小量으로 존재하고 있음이 규명되었다. Amino acid의 組成은 Asp., Thr., Ser., Glu., Gly., Ala., Val., Met., Ile., Leu., Phe., His., Lys., Arg.등이 共通으로 존재하였고 Pro.는 쥐, 토끼, 붕어 에서만 나타났으며 닭과 개구리에는 존재하지 않았다. 그리고 Try.은 쥐, 토끼, 닭에서는 존재하고 있었으나 반면 개구리와 붕어에서는 나타나지 않았다. In order to investigate composition of soluble nervous protein from rat, rabbit, chicken, frog and fish, electrophoretic study were performed for protein patterns, molecular weight and composition of amino acids by SDS-PAGE gradient gel electrophoresis. The number of protein bands, mobility, density of staining and width of protein bands appeared to be specific species. The number of soluble nervous protein bands from rat, rabbit, chicken, frog and fish exhibited 28, 21, 24, 16 and 17 respectively. The distribution of soluble nervous protein bands according to molecular weight conform 17500 to 165000 daltons in rat, 15000 to 115000 daltons in rabbit, 15000 to 135000 daltons in chicken, 15000 to 115000 daltons in frog and 11500 to 105000 daltons in fish. The molecular weight of soluble nervous protein constituted 63% among the all experimental animals at 11500 to 49000 daltons in molecular weight, so it were knew protein of comparative low molecular weight. The most abundant amino acids was Aps. Glu. but exhibited less for Val. Met. Tyr. etc. The composition of amino acids were analysed commonly Asp. Thr. Ser. Glu. Gly. Ala. Val. Met. Ile. Leu. Phe. His. Lys. and Arg., and Pro. exhibited rat. rabbit and fish only but chicken and frog were not observed, also Try. exhibited in rat, rabbit and chicken only but frog and fish were not observed.

정상 성인에서 총콜레스테롤의 분별치와 관련 요인 : 전북지역 한 종합병원의 정기검진자를 중심으로

김지식,여영규,홍인선 THE KOREAN SOCIETY FOR BIOMEDICAL LABORATORY SCIEN 1996 Journal of biomedical laboratory sciences Vol.2 No.2

정상 성인에서 혈청 총 콜레스테롤의 분별치 및 관련된 제요인을 파악하기 위하여 1995년 3월부터 10월까지 8개월 동안 전주 예수병원에서 의료보험 피보험자와 피부양자를 대상으로한 정기 건강 검진을 받은 대상자 중 성별, 연령별, 혈압, 체중, 기타 생화학적 검사 결과를 분석하였으며, 이들 중 고혈압 등 질병이 없는 건강한 집단으로 1,818명을 분석하였다. 혈청 총 콜레스테롤의 분별치를 산정 하기 위한 75th percentile값을 보면, 21∼30세군에 191 mg/dl, 31∼40군에서 195 mg/dl, 41∼50세군에서 214 mg/dl, 51∼60세군에서 227 mg/dl, 그리고 61세 이상 군에서 222 mg/dl이었다. 90th percentile값을 보면, 21∼30세군에서 214 mg/dl, 31∼40군에서 214 mg/dl, 41∼50세군에서 239 mg/dl, 51∼60세군에서 253mg/dl, 그리고 61세 이상군에서 248 mg/dl 이었다. 혈청 총 콜레스테롤과 각 변수간의 상관관계는 연령과는 남.여 모두 유의한 관계를 보였고(p<0.001), 특히 여자에서 높은 상관성을 보였다. 비만지수인 PIBW, BMI와도 유의한 상관성을 보였고, 수축기혈압과 이완기혈압과도 관련성을 보였다. 대상자들의 흡연 여부와 혈청 총 콜레스테롤과의 관계는 흡연군이 191.6±35.0 mg/dl 이었고, 비흡연군이 194.9±35.9 mg/dl였으며 두 집단간에는 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 음주에 따른 혈청 총 콜레스테롤의 측정치는 비음주군에서는 196.0±36.0 mg/dl 이었고, 음주군에서는 188.9±34.5 mg/dl로 두 군간에는 유의한 차이를 보였다. 운동 습관과 혈청 총 콜레스테롤의 관계는 규칙적으로 운동을 하는 군은 192.1±33.3 mg/dl이었고, 운동을 하지 않는 군은 195.8±37.0 mg/dl였으며 두 군간에는 유의한 차이를 보였다. The cut-off values and related factors for total cholesterol of serum in normal Korean adults were studied from March to October, 1995, based on the data of 1,818 healthy adults of human involved the male and female. The comparisons of the serum total cholesterol levels were analyzed by sex, age, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, body weight, height, PIBW, BMI and other biochemical tests. 1. The serum total cholesterol level were 194.4 mg/dl in total group, 186.9 mg/dl for male, and 197.6 mg/dl for female. 2. There was no significant differences by sex among the 21 to 50 ages group, but significantly higher in women than in men over 51 years old. 3. In general, the levels of serum total cholesterol were increased with age, the highest level in men was 192.7 mg/dl in 51 to 60 years old, and 210.5 mg/dl in more than 60 years old in women. 4. The cut-off values of serum total cholesterol for moderate risk were 191 mg/dl in 21 to 30 years group, 195 mg/dl in 31 to 40 years, 214 mg/dl in 41 to 50 years, 227 mg/dl in 51 to 60 years, and 222 mg/dl in more than 61 years. The cut-off values of serum total cholesterol for high risk were 214 mg/dl in 21 to 30 years group, 214 mg/dl in 31 to 40 years, 239 mg/dl in 41 to 50 years, 253 mg/dl in 51 to 60 years, and 248 mg/dl in more than 61 years. 5. The mean values of serum total cholesterol were showed positive correlation with age, PIBW, BMI, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure. 6. Serum total cholesterol level of drinking group(188.9±34.5mg/dl) was showed lower than those of non-drinking group(196.0±36.0mg/dl). 7. Serum total cholesterol levels of regular excercise group(192. 1±33.3 mg/dl) was significantly lower than those of non regular excercise group(195.8± 37.0 mg/dl).

Stress가 (Crassostrea gigas)의 LDH isozyme에 미치는 영향

김종환,김지식 한국환경생물학회 1998 환경생물 : 환경생물학회지 Vol.16 No.4

굴(Crassoffrea gigas)에 미치는 염도, pH, 온도 stress가 lactate dehydrogenase isozyme에끼치는 영향을 전기영동법으로 분석하였다. LDH isozyme pattern에서 band수의 변화는 염도 stress상태에서 12시간에서는 농도에 따라 큰 차이가 없었으나 24, 48시간 경과 후에는 상당한 차이점이 있었다. 그리고 pH stress에서는 12, 24시간 경과후 각각의 pH구분별에서 볼 때 차이가 적었으나 48시간에서는 변화가 켰다. 또한 온도 stress에서는 12, 24, 48시간에서 온도 구분으로 보았을 때 모두 동일하게 나타났다. 한편 각 stress에 따라서 band의 효소 활성은 각각 다양한 pattern으로 나타났다. 그리고 LDH isozyme에 대한 stress정도는 염도가 가장 크고 그 다음이 pH, 온도 순으로 영향을 끼쳤다. 결과적으로 굴의 LDH isozyme의 변화는 stress에 대한 생체 방어기전의 일환으로 나타난 것으로 볼 수 있다. Changes in lactate dehydrogenase isozymes in oyster exposed to salinity, pH and temperature stress were investigated by polyacrylamide gel elctrophoresis. LDH isozyme patterns indicated that the number of isozyme bands was changed in some degree in each salt con-centration 12 hours after salinity stress but in great degree 24 and 48 hours after salinity exposure. pH stress affected the number of LDH isozyme bands. 12 and 24 hours after pH exposure it was changed a little bit in each pH, but a lot 48 hours after pH stress. However, temperature stress did not make an impact on the number of LDH isozyme band. Activity of isozyme bands appeared in various patterns depending on different stress. The effect of stress on LDH isozyme was appeared in order that salinity is the most influential factor and pH is the second, and temperature is the last. In conclusion, changes in LDH isozyme seemed to be correlated to the resistance through defence mechanism.

금강하구 조간대의 해저동물 구조에 관한 연구

金智植,李點淑 群山大學校 1985 論文集 Vol.11 No.-

Between Keum river and Man-Gyung river were investigated the structure of the composed species, Dominance and Diversity index from9, 10, 11 months 1983 to 4,5 months 1984, zoobenthos of intertidal zone near at Naecho-Do. 1. Species composition of the zoobenthos were appeared to Umbonium thomasi, Cerithium kobeti, Recutinassa festiva, Terebra spctabilis, Lingula unguis, Andonta woodians, Dosinoybis japonicus, Gomphina veneriformis, Meretrix petochialis, Mactra veneriformis, Spisula sachalinensis, Solen strictcus, Nereis sp, Callianassa japonica, Macro phthalmus dilatatus, Ilyplax deschampsi, respectively. 2. Dominant species were appeared to Umbonium thomasi(25.9%), Lingula unguis(23.9%), Gomphina veneriformis (14.6%), Nereis sp.(12.9%), Recutinassa festiva(10.5%), respectively. 3. Diversity index of the zoobenthos community was H'=0.860, dominance indexλ=0.176.

온도, pH 및 염도가 굴(Crassostrea gigas)의 Esterase isozyme에 미치는 영향

김종환,김지식 군산대학교 기초과학연구소 2000 基礎科學硏究 Vol.15 No.-

Changes of esterase isozymes in oyster exposed to different temperature, pH or salinity stress were investigated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Esterase isozymes in the control group were separated into seven bands. In case of temperature stress exposed to 0℃ and 10℃, two bands were decreased after 12 hours, four and two bands were respectively decreased after 24 and 48 hours. Under 25℃ and 35℃ temperature stress, three and four bands were respectively decreased after 12 and 24 hours, two bands were decreased after 48 hours. In case of pH stress exposed to pH 5.5 and pH 6.5, one bands were decreased after 12 hours, there was no changed in pH 5.5 but two bands were decreased in pH 6.5 after 24 hours, two and three bands were decreased after 48 hours. Under pH 8.5 and pH 9.5 pH stress, two bands were decreased after 12 hours, one band was increased in pH 8.5 but decreased in pH 9.5 after 24 hours, two and one band were decreased after 48 hours. In case of salinity stress exposed to 5 ppt and 10 ppt, one and two bands were decreased after 12 hours, one band was decreased in 5 ppt but increased in 10 ppt after 24 hours, two bands were decreased after 48 hours. Under 30 ppt and 40 ppt salinity stress, three bands were decreased after 12 hours, there was no changed in 30 ppt but two bands were decreased in 40 ppt after 24 hours, one and three bands were decreased after 48 hours. On the other hand, the activity of the bands was shown to various pattern but one band on the near-positive side on the gel was not changed by any stress condition. Ultimately, changed patterns of esterase isozyme activity by environmental stress indicate biological defense mechanism in oyster. [esterase, isozyme, salinity, pH, temperature, PAGE, oyster]