해양 미세조류의 생화학적 조성 및 항산화성

김세권(Se Kwon Kim),백호철(Ho Chul Baek),변희국(Hee Guk Byun),강옥주(Ok Ju Kang),김종배(Jong Bae Kim) 한국수산과학회 2001 한국수산과학회지 Vol.34 No.3

해양 미세조류는 해양의 기초생산은 물론 1차 대사산물인 단백질, 지질 및 당질 뿐만 아니라 2차 대사산물인 생리활성물질을 생산하고 있으며, 또한 그 종류도 매우 다양하다. 이러한 해양 미세조류의 효율적인 이용을 목적으로 비교적 성장이 빠르고 배양이 쉬운 녹조식물문 중 녹조강에 속하는 N. oculata와 황갈편조식물문 중 규조강에 속하는 P. tricornutum을 선정하여 생화학적 성분 및 항산화성을 검토하였다. N. oculata와 P. tricornutum의 단백질, 지방, 탄수화물의 함량은 각각 54.91% , 11.29% , 10.15%와 38.07% , 13.19%, 7.13%이었다. N. oculata의 무기질 함량은 칼륨, 마그네슘 및 칼슘이 각각 12,906.86, 1,039.15 및 882.57㎎/100g 이었으며, P. tricornutum의 경우는 각각 11,718.65, 1,570.84 및 2,003.32㎎/100g이었다. 두 종 모두 필수 무기질 원소인 철분의 함량도 500㎎/g 이상 함유되어 있었다. 이 들 두 종의 주요 구성아미노산 조성은 glutamic acid proline 및 aspartic acid이었으며, 필수아미노산의 함량은 모두 45% 이상이었다. 그리고 N. oculata 및 P. tricornutum의 주요 유리아미노산 조성은 각각 proline (35.54%) 및 glutamic acid (24.86%)이었다. 특히 P. tricornutum는 성인병에 유효한 생리기능성 아미노산으로 밝혀진 taurine이 2.78% 함유되어 있었다. N. oculata의 당 조성은 galactose, fucose 및 glucose이 전체 당의 73.81%이었으며, P. tricornutum의 경우는 glucose 및 mannose가 86.07%를 차지하였다. N. oculata는 핵산관련물질 중에서 ADP의 함량이 4.77 μ㏖/g으로 가장 높았으며, P. tricornutum의 경우는 hypoxanthine이 11.74 μ㏖/g으로 가장 높았다. 특히 N. oculata의 경우는 맛 성분으로 알려진 IMP의 함량이 2.71μ㏖/g으로 비교적 많이 함유되어 있었다. N. oculata의 포화, 단일불포화 및 다가불포화 지방산의 함량은 각각 66.41%, 12.56% 및 21.02%이었으며, P. tricornutum는 각각 45.52%, 37.35% 및 17.13%이었다. N. oculata의 필수지방산 함량은 17.10%로 P. tricornutum의 0.91%보다 훨씬 높았으나 EPA 및 DHA 함량은 각각 3.29% 및 0.48%로 P. tricornutum의 12.91% 및 1.70% 보다 낮았다. 두 종의 미세조류 추출물의 DPPH radical 소거능으로 측정된 항산화성은 P. tricornutum의 chloroform 획분에서 가장 높게 나타났다. The biochemical composition and antioxidative activity of marine microalgae were investigated for the effective utilization of marine resources. Two species of marine microalgae, Nannochloris oculata (N. oculata) of Chlorophyceae and Phaeodactylum tricornutum (P. tricornutum) of Bacillariophyceae, were selected. Because these species showed the high growth rate and easy to continuous culture. The contents of crude protein, lipid, and carbohydrate were 54.91%, 11.29%, and 10.15%, for N. oculata and 38.07%, 13.19%, and 7.13%, for P. tricornutum, respectively. Glutamic acid was the highest concentration for both species. Galactose (3,712.02㎎/100g), fucose (1,966.03㎎/100g), and glucose (1,814.25㎎/100g) were the major carbohydrates for N. oculatae, and glucose (5,295.45㎎/100g) and mannose (841.34㎎/100g) were for P. tricornutum. K (12,906.86㎎/100g), Mg (1,039.15㎎/100g), Ca (882.57㎎/100g) and Fe (747.20㎎/100g) were the major minerals for N. oculata, and K (11,718.65㎎/100g), Ca (2,003.32 mg/100g), Mg (1,570.84㎎/100g) and Fe(552.58㎎/100g) were for P. tricornutum. In the composition of nucleotides, ADP (4.77μ㏖/g) was the highest in N. oculata and hypoxanthine (11.74 μ㏖/g) in P. tricornutum. Large amount of linoleic acid (18:2, ω-6) was contained in N. oculata. In contrast 16:1 (ω-7) and 20:5 (ω-3) were major fatty acid in P. tricornutum. The antioxidative activities of organic solvent extracts of two microalgae were measured by the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay method. The chloroform extract obtained from P. tricornutum was identified to be the most effective in DPPH radical scavenging activity.

Phaeodactylum tricornutum 으로부터 항산화성 물질의 분리 및 구조

김세권(Se Kwon Kim),변희국(Hee Guk Byun),백호철(Ho Chul Baek),박표잠(Pyo Jam Park),강옥주(Ok Ju Kang),김종배(Jong Bae Kim) 한국수산과학회 2001 한국수산과학회지 Vol.34 No.5

본 연구에서는 비교적 성장이 빠르고 배양이 용이한 황갈편조 식물문 중 규조강에 속하는 P. tricornutum으로부터 선정하여 항산화성 물질을 분리·정제하여 물질의 구조를 밝혔다. P. tricornutum의 각 유기용매 추출물의 항산화성은 chloroform 획분이 가장 좋았으며, 이 획분을 시료로 하여 silica gel column chromatography, PTLC 및 HPLC를 사용하여 항산화성 물질을 분리·정제하였다. Silica gel column을 사용하여 분리된 획분의 항산화성은 dichloromethane:methanol (5:1)로 용출시킨 획분에서 가장 높았으며, 이 획분의 PTLC 획분은 항산화성이 20% 증가하였다. 최종 정제된 물질와 IC_(50)값은 8.3 ㎍/㎖으로 화학적으로 합성된 항산화제인 BHT 및 BHA보다는 낮았지만 천연 항산화제인 α-tocopherol보다는 다소 높게 나타났으며, 이 물질의 화학적 구조는 carotenoid류인 zeaxanthin으로 동정되었다. The antioxidative activity of marine microalgae, Phaeodactylum tricornutum (P. tricornutum) of Bacillariophyceae, was determined by measuring radical scavenging effect on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical. The chloroform fraction of P. tricornutum showed strong antioxidative activity. The potential astioxidative activity of factions extracted with mixture solution of organic solvents was detected in dichloromethane: methanol (2:1) fraction. This fraction was further purified by preparative thin layer chromatography (PTLC) and repeated reverse-phase HPLC. On the basis of chemical and spectoscopic evidence from results obtained by UV, FT-IR, EIMS and NMR, the compound purified from P. tricornutum was identified as zeaxanthin.

탈염된 참치 자숙액을 이용한 천연조미료 개발

김세권(Se Kwon Kim),변희국(Hee Guk Byun),전유진(You Jin Jeon),주동식(Dong Sik Joo),김종배(Jong Bae Kim) 한국수산과학회 1999 한국수산과학회지 Vol.32 No.1

The hydrolysate of desalinated tuna boiled extract (TBE) were prepared by continuous hydrolysis of TBE using a membrane reactor. TBE and tuna boiled extract hydrolysate (TBEH) were isolated depending on molecular weights. The major molecular weight disfibutions of TBEH-10K, TBEH-5K and TBEH-1K were 9,800Da, 3,000Da and 990Da, respectively. The amounts of nucleotides and their related compoands of TBE were 3.47 μmole/g AMP, 23.75 μmole/g IMP, 9.07 μmole/g inosine and 1.89 μmole/g hypoxanthine. Total content of amino acids having desirable taste (glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, proline, aspartic acid, serine) was about 63% of total amino acid from TBE and aboat 62% from TBEH. The natural seasonings were prepared with TBE and TBEH. From the results of sensory evaluations, complex seasoning containing TBEH-1K was almost equal to the shellfish complex seasoning obtained from the market. The mixed sauce which was made by mixing of 50% TBEH sauce and 50% fermented soy sauce was similar to the tradition soybean sauce in product quality and it showed the possibility to be used for the substitute product for acid hydrolyzed soysauce.

3단계 막효소반응기에서 연속적으로 생산된 어피 및 우피 젤라틴 가수분해물의 항산화활성 비교

김세권(Se-Kwon Kim),박표잠(Pyo-Jam Park),송병권(Byung-Kwon Song),김종배(Jong-Bae Kim) 한국생물공학회 2000 KSBB Journal Vol.15 No.6

우렁쉥이 육으로부터 Carotenoprotein 의 분리 정제 및 특성

김세권,강옥주,변희국,전유진,김종배 ( Se Kwon Kim,Ok Ju Kang,Hee Guk Byun,You Jin Jeon,Jong Bae Kim ) 한국응용생명화학회 1998 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.41 No.1

A carotenoprotein from the muscle of Ascidian (Halocynihia roretzi) was purified by ion exchange chromatography and gel filtration chromatography, and analyzed molecular weight, stability of pH and heat, effect of denaturing agents, amino acids and fatty acids composition. The purified carotenopotein had absorption maxima of 463 ㎚ and 439 ㎚. The carotenoprotein had an approxmimate molecular weight of 64.4 kDa in polyacryl-amide gel electrophoresis. The amino acid compositions of carotenoprotein were mainly Gly(15.39%), Asn(11.31%), Gln(10.62%) and Ser(13.35%). The major fatty acids composition of carotenoprotein were C◎(15.4%), C◎(14.5%) and C_(20:1(n-11))(11.4%). The monounsaturated fatty acids(45.2%) contained abundant content compared to other saturated(38.1%) and polyunsaturated(11.7%) fatty acids.

참치 유래 조효소를 이용한 민태 ( Johnius belengeri ) Frame 으로부터 단백질 가수분해물의 회수 및 그 기능성

전유진(You Jin Jeon),이병조(Byoung Jo Lee),변희국(Hee Guk Byun),김종배(Jong Bae Kim),김세권(Se Kwon Kim) 한국응용생명화학회 1999 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.42 No.1

Enzymatic hydrolysis with tuna pyloric caeca crude enzyme(TPCCE) was performed to recover a protein hydrolysate from hoki frame, fish processing by-product. Optimum hydrolytic conditions were pH 10.0, temperature 50℃, and incubation time 12 hrs, and then the degree of hydrolysis was about 60%. The yield of the hydrolysate from hoki frame by enzymatic hydrolysis was approximately 77% on a dry weight basis. The prepared protein hydrolysates were also fractionated through a series of 30, 10, 5 and 1 kDa molecular weight cut-off (MWCO) membranes in order to investigate the effect of their functionalities according to the difference of their molecular size. As the result of studying functionalities of the hydrolysates, 1 K hydrolysate showed the highest solubility over all pHs, and 30 and l0 K hydrolysate showed more excellent emulsifying property and whippability than the other hydrolysates.