다자 중심적 사용성 평가 방법의 구조화 과정

김정룡,이하연,최영철,Kim, Jung-Yong,Lee, Ha-Yeun,Choi, Young-Cheol 대한인간공학회 2005 大韓人間工學會誌 Vol.24 No.2

In order to minimize a biased view of evaluators in usability test, a multiple evaluation method so called Multi-Centered Usability Evaluation Method(MCUEM) was suggested and structured in this study. To use MCUEM, the existing evaluation methods were re-categorized into 'developer and evaluator-centered', 'evaluator-centered', 'user-centered', 'evaluator and user-centered', and the 'developer, evaluator, and user-centered methods. Furthermore, in order to verify the relevance of MCUEM, the usability of mobile phone was tested in this study. In results, it was found that different evaluation methods generated greatly different results, that showed the risk of using a particular usability method due to different perspectives of evaluators. At the same time, it was found that MCUEM could greatly minimize such biases. Therefore, it was concluded that using MCUEM could help the usability engineer design a test protocol with a minimal risk of bias due to different perspective of evaluators.

고속도로 건설현장의 인적오류 예방을 위한 실무자용 도구 개발

김정룡(Jung Yong Kim),윤상영(Sang Young Yoon),조영진(Young Jin Cho) 대한인간공학회 2011 大韓人間工學會誌 Vol.30 No.1

Objective: The aim of this study is to reclassify human errors and to develop hands-on tools to apply the new classification for preventing human error accidents in highway construction site. Background: The main cause of accidents in highway construction was reported as the carelessness of workers. However, such diagnosis could not help us operationally prevent accidents in real workplace. Method: The accidents in highway construction were reanalyzed and the causes of human error were reclassified in order to educate and improve the awareness of human error in highway construction. Field survey and interview with safety managers and workers were conducted to find the causal relationship between the actual accidents and the human errors. Results: The most frequently observed human errors in highway construction were classified into six categories such as mis-perception, distraction, memory fail, slip, cognition error and mis-judgment. In order to provide hands-on tools to increase the awareness of human error in construction field, the human error checklist and card sorting diary were developed. Especially, the card sorting diary was designed to increase the ability in human error inspection of safety manager at construction site. Moreover, posters were developed based on actual accident cases. Conclusion: We suggested that the improved awareness and analytical report on checklist, card sorting diary and posters for construction field could collectively prevent the accident. Application: The classification of human error, hands-on tools and posters can be directly applicable on highway construction site. This analytical and collective approach preventing human error-related accident could be extended to other construction workplaces.

위절제술후 이중 에너지 엑스레이 흡수계 ( Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry ) 를 이용한 골밀도 변화에 관한 연구

김정룡(Jung Lyong Kim),김영진(Young Jin Kim),김신곤(Shin Kon Kim),강형근(Hyung Geun Kang) 대한소화기학회 1994 대한소화기학회지 Vol.26 No.5

N/A Metabolic changes of bone have been recognized as one of postgastrectomy sequlae. Howev- er,there have until now been no reliable methods to provide an accurate assessment of bone mass status,resulting in a wide variation of the reported incidences of postoperative metabolic bone disorders.Recently an improvement in measuring bone mineral status was achieved using dual energy x ray absorptiometry(DEXA). In order to evaluate bone mineral density after various kinds of gastrectomy procedures, fourty five male patients who underwent the surgery for the stomach and colorectal cancer were studied. Group I was consisted of 13 patients who underwent total gastrectomy,groupII consisted of 16 patients with subtotal gastrectomy with gastroduodenostomy reconstruction (Billroth I), group m,of 9 patients with subtotal gastrectomy with gastrojejunostomy reco- ntruction, and control group,of 7 patients with colorectal resection. Measurement of lumbar spine bone mineral density in patients who had gastrectomy(0.84k0.14 g/cm2 in group I,0.88 +0.16 in groupII,and 0.82+0.14 in groupIII) was significantly lower than that of patients who underwent colectomy(control group 1.03k0.18 g/cm'). Serum hemoglobulin(12+1.19 gm/dl) and total calcium(4.75+0.21 mEq/L) levels in patients with gastrectomy were signifi- cantly lower than those of colectomy group(14.1 +0.85 and 4.75 +0.10, respectively). This study demonstrates that in postoperative bone mineral density and serum total calciurn level there are no differences among patients with various gastrectomy types, however, lower values than in patents with colectomy. (Korean J Gastroenterol 1994; 26: 800 805)

휴대전화 설계를 위한 연령대별 사용자 특성

김정룡(Jung Yong Kim),김성훈(Sung Hoon Kim),조영진(Young Jin Cho) 대한인간공학회 2010 大韓人間工學會誌 Vol.29 No.3

The purpose of this study is to investigate the user characteristics in different age groups by investigating the level of satisfaction and preference of design and function of mobile phone. 160 subjects participated in the experiment. Subjects with different ages were selected and divided into four groups: young age group (20 to less than 45), 1<SUP>st</SUP> middle age group (45 to less than 55), 2<SUP>nd</SUP> middle age group(55 to less than 65), and elderly group(over 65). A questionnaire was developed based on the previous design guideline, and additional questions were made to test newly developed function and design of the mobile phone. In particular, depth interviews were conducted in order to have a proper response from old subjects who have difficulties in completing written questionnaire. In result, it was found that except for price the major criterion to purchase mobile phone was the design, and the function of phone was the next except for elderly group. In the case of elderly group, the screen size is the first. Statistical results indicated that 37.5% of the young age group, 22.5% of 1<SUP>st</SUP> middle age group, 22.5% of 2<SUP>nd</SUP> middle age group and 10.0% of the elderly group preferred the design to function when they purchase mobile phones. Most elderly people were not satisfied with the supplementary function of the mobile phone. The 1<SUP>st</SUP> middle age group did not know exactly how to use the supplementary service although they were willing to use it. Regarding the emotional preference on the type of phone, the sliding type was preferred most. Current results can be used to anticipate the future trend of mobile phone and design a user-friendly product for the aged population.

한국에서 분리된 Helicobacter pylori 균주에서의 병리 인자 분포 및 이에 대한 숙주 방어 기전의 분자생물학적 연구

김정목(Jung Mogg Kim),정현채(Hyun Chae Jung),이주영(Joo Young Lee),이경미(Kyung Mee Lee),진영주(Young Joo Chin),김영전(Young Jeon Kim),송인성(In Sung Song),김정룡(Chung Yong Kim) 대한내과학회 1998 대한내과학회지 Vol.54 No.1

N/A Objectives: CagA or cytotoxin-positive H. pylori may be associated with gastroduodenal diseases. However, controversies about this association also exist. Moreover, there could be geographic differences in the prevalence of virulence factors such as cagA or cytotoxin. In H. pylori infection, the gastric mucosa shows acute and chronic inflammation. However, the pathogenesis of such as an inflammation by H. pylori is not well elucidated. We performed this study 1) to determine prevalence of the genes of virulence factor such as cagA and cytotoxin in H. pylori, 2) to assess the correlation of their presence with clinical findings, and 3) to test whether the vacuolating cytotoxin of H. pylori could evoke proinflammatory cytokine gene expression in gastric epithelial cells. Methods: 1) The prevalence of the cagA, vacA and adhesin genes in H. pylori strains isolated from Koreans was determined by PCR analysis. 2) H. pylori was cultured in Brucella broth containing 10% fetal bovine serum for 3 days using a shaker in a microaerophilic condition. Cytotoxin assay was performed by determining whether addition of the concentrated culture supernatants is able to cause vacuolization of HeLa cells. 3) After human gastric epithelial cells, Hs746T and AGS were incubated with the culture supernatants containing vacuolating cytotoxin, each RNAs were extracted from the gastric epithelial cells. And then various cytokine gene expression were assessed using RT-PCR. The expressed cytokine transcripts were quantified by RT-PCR and standard synthetic RNA. Among cytokines, IL-8 proteins were also measured by ELISA. Results: 1) More than 95% of H. pylori isolates from Korean adults possessed cagA, vacA and adhesin genes. And 80.6% of H. pylori strains have expressed vacuolating cytotoxicity against HeLa cells within 24 hours. 2) There was no correlation between the virulence factors of H. pylori strains and clinical findings. 3) Cytotoxin-positive culture supernatants also caused vacuolization in gastric epithelial cells, both Hs746T and AGS. 4) Expression of mRNA for proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-1 α, IL-8, MCP-1 and GM-CSF was much more upregulated by vacuolating cytotoxin-positive culture supernatants than cytotoxin-negative ones in both Hs746T and AGS cells. Number of molecules of the expressed IL-8 transcripts was parallel to the amounts of IL-8 protein secreted from gastric epithelial cells. Conclusion : These results suggest that virulence factors of H. pylori may not be factors determining disease entitiy in Korean patients infected with H. pylori. In addition, vacuolating cytotoxin secreted from H. pylori could give rise to vacuolization in gastric epithelial cells as well as induce proinflammatory cytokines from the cells.

장기적인 Captopril 투여가 백서 소장 점막의 Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 활성도에 미치는 영향

김나영(Na Young Kim),김웅(Woong Kim),안준석(Zoon Seog Ahn),양석균(Suk Kyun Yang),이풍렬(Poong Lyul Rhee),정현채(Hyun Chae Jung),이효석(Hyo Suk Lee),윤용범(Yong Bum Yoon),송인성(In Sung Song),김정룡(Chung Yong Kim) 대한내과학회 1989 대한내과학회지 Vol.37 No.1

N/A Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE, c-terminal dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase) plays a key physiological role in the regulation of blood pressure through conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II and inactivation of bradykinin. Although this enzyme has been mainly found in vascular endothelial cells, recently it has been identified as a prominent mucosal brush border membrane bound enzyme in the small intestine and is estimated to take part in the digestion and absorption of dietary protein. The authors designed the following experiment to investigate the effect of long-term captopril administration, which is used broadly as an antihypertensive agent and is an active site specific ACE inhibitor, to mucosal ACE specific activity in rat small intestine. Twenty-three 215 g average weight rats were divided into three groups; the control group, consisting of 9 rats, was not fed with captopril; the second group, consisting of 9 rats, was fed with 2.5 mg/kg captopril dissolved in distilled water; and the third group, consisting of 5 rats, was fed with 12.5 mg/kg . The rats were killed by decapitation and the isolated small intestines were divided into three segments of equal length from the Treitz ligament to the terminal ileum, After the mucosal homogenate was obtained from each segment, ACE specific activities and the stable marker enzymes known for the brush border membrane (aminopeptidase N, dipeptidyl aminopeptidase IV, alkaline phosphatase) were assayed. The results were as follows; 1) ACE specific activities were highest in the middle segment and lowest in th distal segment, and there was no difference in ACE specific activities between the control group and 2.5 mg/kg or 12.5 mg/kg captopril treated groups (p>0.05). 2) There was no difference in aminopeptidase N, dipeptidyl aminopeptidase IV, and alkaline phosphatase specific activities between the control group and captopril treated groups (p>0.05). We concluded that mucosal ACE specific activities in rat small intestine were not inhibited by long-term captopril administration, and that the estimated role of rat intestinal ACE in the digestion and absorption of dietary protein would not be altered by long-term captopril administration.

User Experience를 고려한 자동차 전조등 설계 방안

김정룡(Jung Yong Kim),윤상영(Sang Young Yoon),민승남(Seung Nam Min),이호상(Ho Sang Lee) 대한인간공학회 2010 大韓人間工學會誌 Vol.29 No.4

The aim of study is to suggest the design procedure of automobile headlamp by considering driver's experience in regard of the visibility and glare during nighttime driving. The characteristics of driver were investigated in terms of the drivers' cognitive ability and reaction time, headlamp specification and visibility, light source and glare. And, the degree of visual discomfort was categorized and recognized as a tool to represent the subjective user experience. The UX point of view was stated when the existing results were seemingly lacking of it. The visual comfort and safety of elderly drivers were also discussed by reviewing the studies of ageing regarding the visibility and driving responses. Finally, this study suggested how to reduce the negative effect of nighttime driving due to the height of headlamp, angle of lighting, color spectrum, discomfort glare, source of light by using the UX perspective and methodology.

우리나라 원발성 (原發性) 간암 (肝癌) 환자에서의 B 형 간염 (肝炎) 바이러스 감염상과 (感染像) 간경변증의 (肝硬變證) 병발 (倂發) 빈도

김정룡(Chung Young Kim),정현채(Hyun Chae Jung) 대한소화기학회 1988 대한소화기학회지 Vol.20 No.1

N/A For the purpose of obtaining the more reliable prevalence rate of HBV infection and of evaluating the causal relationship of HBV infection and underlying liver cirrhosis to the etiology of primary liver cancer in Korea, peritoneoscopy which is the most valuable tool to confirm the diagnosis of liver cirrhoisis and the radioimmunoassay for the serological markers of hepatitis B virus, which is the most sensitive for the detection, were performed in 302 patients with primary liver cancer who were admitted to Seoul National University Hospital and diagnosed by physical and laboratory findings (including serum a-FP), liver scan and radiological methods (including sonography, aMominal CT and angiography), The results were summarized as following: 1) Of 302 patients with primary liver cancer, serum HBsAg was detected 237 patients (78.5%), anti-HBs and/or anti-HBc in 60 patients (19.9%) anti-HBs (single or with anti-HBc) in 25 patients (8.3%) 2) With peritoneoscopy and biopsy under the direct vision, underlying cirrhosis was found in 247 patients (81.8%), chronic hepatitis in 28 patients (9.3%), normal liver in 27 patients (8.9%) besides the findings of primary liver cancer. 3) Liver cirrhosis was found in 213 patients (89.9%) among the 237 patients with HBsAg(+) primary liver cancer, in contrast to 34 patients (52.3%) among the 65 patients with HBsAg(-) primary liver cancer. 4) Serum HBsAg was found positive in 213 patients (86.2%) among the 247 patients with primary liver cancer complicated from underlying liver cirrhosis. Of 27 patients with primary liver cancer complicated from underlying normal liver, serum HBsAg was positive in 10 patients (37.0%), In conclusion, it is highly suggested that chronic hepatitis B virus infection and cirrhosis, especially chronic HBV infection, are closely related to the etiology of primary liver cancer in Korea and that negativity of serum H BsAg in patients with primary liver cancer can be used as one of the prognostic factors in operability and post operative complications.

생체신호 측정을 통한 운전자의 감정적 안정상태 평가

김정룡(Jung Yong Kim),박지수(Ji Soo Park),윤상영(Sang Young Yoon) 대한인간공학회 2011 大韓人間工學會誌 Vol.30 No.1

Objective: The aim of this study is to introduce a methodology to assess driver's emotion stability by using bio-signals. Background: Psychophysiological analysis of driver's behavior has been conducted to improve the driving safety and comfort. However, the variability of bio-signal and individual difference made it difficult to assess the psychophysiological status of drivers that can be expressed as emotional stability of drivers. Method: Two experimental studies were reviewed and summarized. New techniques assessing emotional stability of drivers were explained. Statistical concept and multidimensional space were used to identify the emotionally stable conditions. Conclusion: Psychophysiological approach can provide information of driver's emotional status. The experimental methodology and algorithm used in this study showed the possibility of parameterization of psychophysiological response. Application: Currently measured statistical and geometrical data can be further applied to develop an interactive device monitoring and reacting driver's emotion when driver experiences emotionally unstable or uncomfortable situation.

운전자 주행적합성 진단을 위한 연구 III

김정룡(Jung-Yong Kim),윤상영(Sang-Young Yoon) 대한산업공학회 2004 대한산업공학회지 Vol.30 No.1