열기계적 처리한 Ti-45.4%Al-4.8%Nb 합금의 고온산화

김재운,이동복,Kim Jae-Woon,Lee Dong-Bok 한국재료학회 2004 한국재료학회지 Vol.14 No.7

The thermomechanically treated $Ti-45.4\%Al-4.8\%Nb(at\%)$ alloy was oxidized between 800 and $1000^{\circ}C$ in air, and the oxidation characteristics were studied. The dissolution of Nb in the oxide scale was observed from the TEM study. The Pt marker test revealed that the oxidation process was controlled by the outward diffusion of Ti ions and the inward diffusion of oxygen ions. During oxidation, the evaporation of Nb-oxides was found to occur to a small amount. Niobium tended to pile-up at the lower part of the oxide scale, which consisted primarily of an outer $TiO_2$ layer, and an intermediate $Al_{2}O_{3}-rich$ layer, and an inner mixed layer of ($TiO_{2}+Al_{2}O_{3}$).

RF-PECVD 법으로 제조된 비정질 BON박막의 산화

김재운,부진효,이동복,Kim J. W.,Boo J.-H.,Lee D. B. 한국재료학회 2004 한국재료학회지 Vol.14 No.10

The BON thin films were grown on the Si substrate by the RF-PECVD method. When stored at the room temperature, the phase separation or transition of BON thin films occurred on the surface, due to the hydrophilic property of BON. The oxidation of BON thin films occurred mainly by the evaporation of B, O and N. The oxidized BON thin films consisted of an amorphous phase and a bit of the polycrystalline phase.

Mo, Nb첨가가 TiAl합금의 산화에 미치는 영향

김재운,이동복,Kim Jae-Woon,Lee Dong-Bok 한국재료학회 2004 한국재료학회지 Vol.14 No.9

Alloys of $Ti46\%Al-2\%Mo-2\%Nb$ were oxidized between 800 and $1000^{\circ}C$ in air, and their oxidation characteristics were studied. The alloys displayed good oxidation resistance due mainly to the beneficial effects of Mo and Nb. The oxide scales formed consisted primarily of an outer $TiO_2$ layer, an intermediate $Al_{2}O_3-rich$ layer, and an inner mixed layer of ($TiO_{2}+Al_{2}O_3$). Molybdenum and niobium dissolved in the scale effectively improved oxidation resistance. They were mainly distributed in the inner mixed layer of ($TiO_{2}+Al_{2}O_3$).

고속 고신뢰의 UWB 신호 동기획득을 위한 향상된 두 단계 탐색 기법

김재운,양석철,신요안,Kim, Jae-Woon,Yang, Suck-Chel,Shin, Yo-An 한국통신학회 2005 韓國通信學會論文誌 Vol.30 No.12C

본 논문에서는 다중경로 채널 환경의 초광대역 (Ultra Wide Band; UWB) 시스템에서 고속 고신뢰의 동기획득을 위한 향상된 두 단계 신호 탐색 기법인 TSS-LS(Two-Step Search scheme with the Linear search based Second step) 를 제안한다. 제안된 TSS-LS는 기존에 본 저자들이 제안하였던 TSS-BS (Two-Step Search scheme with the Bit reversal search based Second step)와 견줄만한 매우 빠른 동기획득 성능을 달성할 수 있도록 Single-Dwell 연속 동기탐색 기법에 기초하고 있으며 두 개의 다른 임계값과 탐색창을 적용한다. 반면, 제안된 TSS-LS는 UWB 시스템에서 통기획득의 고신뢰성을 보장하기 위해 두번째 단계에서 Bit Reversal 탐색 알고리즘을 사용하는 TSS-BS와는 달리 Linear 탐색 알고리즘을 적용하게 된다. IEEE 802.15.3a의 UWB 다중경로 채별 환경에서의 모의실험 결과, 일반적인 탐색 기법보다 본 논문에서 제안된 두 단계 탐색 기법의 정규화된 평균 동기획득 소요 시간이 큰 폭으로 향상됨을 확인할 수 있었다. 특히, 신호 동기획득 과정과 연동된 비트오율 성능 평가에서 제안된 TSS-LS 기법의 경우 높은 신호대 잡음비에 대해 이상적인 성능에 필적하는 매우 우수한 성능을 보임을 확인할 수 있었다. In this paper, we propose an enhanced two-step search scheme for rapid and reliable signal acquisition in UWB systems under multipath channels. The proposed TSS-LS (Two-Step Search scheme with the Linear search based Second step) achieves rapid acquisition performance comparable to the conventional TSS-BS (Two-Step Search scheme with the Bit reversal search based Second step) already proposed by the authors, based on the single-dwell search with two-step thresholds and search windows. However, unlike the TSS-BS which employs the bit reversal search in the second step, the proposed TSS-LS utilizes the linear search in the second step to improve the reliability of signal acquisition. Simulation results with multipath channel models by IEEE 802.15.3a show that the two-step search schemes for the UWB signal acquisition can achieve sig nificant reduction of the required mean acquisition time as compared to general search schemes. In addition, we observe that the proposed TSS-LS achieves quite good bit error rate performance for large signal-to-noise ratios, which is favorably comparable to the case of ideal perfect timing.

비동기식 초광대역 시스템을 위한 고속 신호 동기획득 기법

김재운,양석철,최성수,신요안,Kim Jae-Woon,Yang Suck-Chel,Choi Sung-Soo,Shin Yo-An 한국통신학회 2006 韓國通信學會論文誌 Vol.31 No.4c

이 논문에서는 다중경로 채널 환경에서 비동기식(Noncoherent) 초광대역(Ultra Wide Band) 무선통신 시스템의 고속 고신뢰 신호 동기획득을 위해, 저자들이 동기식(Coherent) 초광대역 시스템을 위해 제안하였던 TSS-LS (Two-Step Search scheme with Linear search based Second step). 기법을 비동기식 초광대역 시스템에 확장 적용하는 방안을 제안한다. 간단한 에너지 윈도우 뱅크를 사용하는 제안된 비동기식 TSS-LS 기법은 고속의 동기획득을 위해 두 단계의 서로 다른 문턱값과 탐색창을 적용하게 된다. 더욱이 다중경로 채널의 실효 지연 확산 범위에서의 시작 지점을 정확히 찾고 비동기식 초광대역 변복조와 연동했을 때 신뢰성 있는 비트오율(Bit Error Rate) 성능을 얻기 위해 두 번째 단계에서 선형 알고리즘을 적용한다. IEEE 802.15.3a의 다중경로 채널 모형을 이용한 모의실험 결과, 일반적인 탐색 기법보다 제안된 기법의 평균 동기획득 소요 시간이 큰 폭으로 단축됨을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한, 신호 동기획득 과정과 연동된 비트오율 성능 평가에서 신호대잡음비가 높을 때 이상적인 동기획득의 경우에 필적하는 매우 우수한 성능을 보임을 확인할 수 있었다. In this Paper, we propose to extend the TSS-LS(Two-Step Search scheme with Linear search based Second step) scheme which was already proposed by the authors for coherent UWB(Ultra Wide Band) systems, to rapid and reliable acquisition of noncoherent UWB systems in multipath channels. The proposed noncoherent TSS-LS employing simple energy window banks utilizes two different thresholds and search windows to achieve fast acquisition. Furthermore, the linear search is adopted for the second step in the proposed scheme to correctly find the starting point in the range of effective delay spread of the multipath channels, and to obtain reliable BER(Bit Error Rate) performance of the noncoherent UWB systems. Simulation results with multipath channel models by IEEE 802.15.3a show that the proposed two-step search scheme can achieve significant reduction of the required mean acquisition time as compared to general search schemes. ]n addition, the proposed scheme achieves quite good BER performance for large signal-to-noise ratios, which is favorably comparable to the case of ideal perfect timing.

주요국의 화재조사 및 방화수사제도 비교 연구 : 미국, 일본, 영국, 독일, 프랑스와의 비교를 중심으로

김재운 ( Jae Woon Kim ),박형민 ( Hyung Min Bark ),이성기 ( Seong Ki Lee ),이주락 ( Ju Lak Lee ),박노섭 ( Ro Seop Park ),김택수 ( Taek Su Kim ) 한국경찰법학회 2013 경찰법연구 Vol.11 No.1

Because the evidence is burned out in the field of fire events unlike other crimes, it is very difficult to specify a criminal and estimate the fact of an offense. Thus, professional knowledge and a high degree of reasoning are required. It urgently needs to strength investigation skills for fire events in reality that evidence trial based on trial judge is emphasized today. Therefore, it is significant to investigate the actual state of fire and arson investigation system in Korea, identify the problems in the light of systems in advanced countries and propose the implications of fire and arson investigation system of each advanced country. This paper classified the investigation on the fire cause investigation and arson event which was identified to be caused by arson into step-by-step investigation procedures, and investigated how investigation of fire events and arson events is conducted on the focus of fire protection agency and police agency in Korea, the US, Japan, the UK, Germany and France. As a result, responding to fire events in advanced major countries is different based on the social and cultural characteristics, foundation of criminal law and administrative system in each country. Thus, Korea needs to establish the institutional framework to cooperate smoothly in a fire investigation with fire protection agency and police agency based on current situation, broaden the public fire investigation to give expertise, and develop private fire investigation agency such as fire insurance company or private investigators.

대학생의 교양체육 수강과 동아리활동 참여가 여가태도에 미치는 영향

김재운(Chae Woon Kim) 한국체육교육학회 2001 한국체육교육학회지 Vol.5 No.2

The purpose of this study was to clarify the effects of leisure attitude on physical education as a liberal arts and circle activity among university students. In order to clarify this purpose, 505 university students answered questionnaire which was consists of leisure attitude scale introduced by Ragheb and Beard in 1982. Analysis of Variance(ANOVA) and t-test were the adapted methods to analyze the collected data according to the purpose of this study. The findings of this study were as follows: 1) Man has more behavioral component than woman in the leisure attitude. 2) The times of physical education as a liberal arts effect leisure attitude among university students. In other words, the more participation times of physical education as a liberal arts the more powerful influence upon the leisure attitude. 3) The types of circle activity effect leisure attitude. In other words, the participation group in sports circle has more affective component, behavioral component than any other circle activity in the leisure attitude.

해양경비법상 해상검문검색에 관한 연구

김재운 ( Jae Woon Kim ) 한국경찰법학회 2014 경찰법연구 Vol.12 No.1

The maritime police play a role to maintain the peace and order of the ocean in Korea by performing various duties such as maritime safety, prevention and investigation of maritime crimes, search and rescue missions of maritime disasters and prevention of marine pollution in wide areas of the ocean 4.5 times as wide as the land. The rights for boarding, questioning and searching by the maritime police in ships should be explicitly defined in the related Acts in order for the maritime police to lawfully perform their tasks. However, the maritime police have performed them without an explicit legal basis. In 2012, the maritime policing act including the provision of boarding, questioning and searching is enacted to ensure the legality for exercise of maritime police power. Officers having the jurisdiction over land have stopped a criminal suspect and asked questions by means of provision of police questioning in the existing performance of police functions act. However, because the provision of police questioning requires the agreement of subjects, there are many problems in the efficacy of law enforcement. But since there are many risks such as escaping by crossing the border or destroying evidence by throwing it away into the sea, the maritime policing act forcibly enforces the law by imposing a fine if subjects resist the boarding, questioning and searching such as stopping vessel boarding, questioning, and searching by the maritime police. In addition, if a threat is simply imposed on maritime safety without relevance to the crime, it enacts the provision for boarding, questioning and searching in the vessels with unstable navigational state or carrying WMD. But the right of maritime police prescribed by the provision of boarding, questioning and searching by the maritime police in the maritime policing act is miniscule compared to ‘at any time go on board of any vessel subject to … any law of the US’ prescribed by the 14 U.S. Code §89 (a) and ‘the ship is stopped to perform safety examinations or ask questions, if necessary’ prescribed by the Japan Coast Guard Act. Moreover, since we do not have regulations similar to ‘the officers of the Coast Guard … is deemed to be acting as agents of the particular executive department’ prescribed by the 14 U.S. Code §89 (b) and Japan Coast Guard Act 15, we have potential problems of not exercising legal enforcement rights for some acts. If this problem is improved, the maritime police can exercise legal enforcement more effectively in the ocean where potential high-risks are present compared to those in land.

지역사회경찰활동 활성화를 위한 지역치안협의회 발전방안에 관한 연구

김재운(Kim Jae Woon) 한국공안행정학회 2012 한국공안행정학회보 Vol.21 No.3

전통적으로 경찰은 순찰을 통해 범죄를 예방하고 사회 공공의 안녕과 질서를 유지하는 역할을 수행해 왔다. 그러나 1970년대 이후 경찰의 노력만으로는 범죄를 예방할 수 없다는 연구결과가 많이 나타났으며, 경찰은 지역사회와의 협력을 통해 범죄와 무질서에 대처하려는 인식의 전환이 일어났다. 경찰활동의 이러한 한계를 극복하고 보완하기 위해 지역주민과의 협력을 통해 범죄를 예방하려는 접근방식이 지역사회 경찰활동이며, 우리나라에서도 최근 지역사회를 중심으로 한 다기관 협력방식의 지역치안활동이 전국적으로 시행되었다. 즉 2008년 이명박 정부가 출범하면서 경찰과 지방자치단체의 주도로 지방의회, 교육기관, 언론기관, 민간단체 등이 참석하여 법질서를 확립하고 치안 인프라를 확충하기 위한 '지역치안협의회'를 발족하였다. 우리나라 지역사회의 종합적인 치안협력 네트워크 기구인 지역치안협의회가 지역사회경찰활동이라는 세계적인 추세에 맞추어가기 위해서는 지역사회경찰활동의 핵심적 구성요소인 전략지향 경찰활동, 이웃지향 경찰활동, 문제지향 경찰활동, 그리고 경찰활동의 분권화라는 관점에서 다음과 같은 점을 개선하여야 할 것이다. 첫째, 지역치안협의회는 관계자 대부분이 지역사회의 기관장이나 단체장의 정기적인 친목 모임정도로 여기고 있는 실정이며, 지역사회의 범죄와 무질서를 통제하기 위한 지역사회의 종합적이고 체계적인 전략적 차원의 경찰활동은 수행되지 않고 있다. 이러한 점을 개선하기 위해서는 정기적으로 지역치안전략을 수립하고, 이에 따라 참여 기관별 세부계획을 수립하여 정기적으로 진행사항을 점검하는 것이 필요하다. 한편 경찰과 지역사회의 원활한 치안협력을 위해서는 지역사회의 범죄와 무질서에 관한 전문적 식견이 있는 경찰관을 자치단체에 파견하고, 전국적인 지역치안전략 수립을 상담지원하고, 관련 공무원을 교육하며, 정보공유를 담당한 중앙단위의 전략지원팀의 설치가 필요하다. 둘째, 지역치안협의회 운영에 있어서 경찰과 지역주민과의 의사소통에 대해서는 관심이 없으며 지역주민들은 경찰활동에 참여하지 못하고 있는 등 이웃지향경찰활동이 수행되지 못하고 있다. 이러한 점을 개선하기 위해서는 현재 관변단체장 위주의 협의위원에 지방의원이나 이ㆍ통장 등 지역주민을 대표하는 인사가 위촉될 수 있도록 개선하여야 하며, 중요한 사항에 대해서는 지역치안협의회에서 지역주민의 의견을 직접 청취하여 지역사회의 문제점을 공유하여야 한다. 셋째, 지역치안협의회는 지역사회에서 범죄와 무질서에 관한 문제점이 무엇인가를 파악하기 보다는 기관장의 치안활동이나 성과를 지역사회에 홍보하는데 치중하고 있어 문제지향 경찰활동이 수행되지 못하고 있다. 이러한 점을 개선하기 위해서는 협의위원들이 순차적으로 소관업무에 관한 지역사회의 치안문제를 발굴하여 의견을 제시함으로써 회의진행을 실질화시킬 필요가 있다. 넷째, 지역치안협의회는 지역사회내 기관과 단체간의 네트워크 형성에만 치중하여 내부 직원에 대해서는 전통적인 경찰활동과 같이 공식적인 명령에 의한 준군대적 조직체계를 고수하고 있다. 그러나 지역치안협의회를 통한 지역사회경찰활동의 활성화를 위해서는 경찰의 의사결정체계를 중간관리층에 위임함으로써 지역실정에 맞는 경찰활동을 수행할 필요가 있고 나아가 경찰활동을 수행하는 내부 경찰관의 직무만족도가 고려되어야 한다. 이와 같은 점이 보완된다면 지역치안협의회는 경찰과 지역사회의 협력방식에 의한 지역사회경찰활동의 핵심적 역할을 수행함으로써 지역주민들에게 범죄와 사고로부터 안전한 삶을 보장하는 중추적인 역할을 다할 수 있을 것이다. The police have traditionally played a role of preventing crime through patrol and maintaining public safety and order in society. However, many studies since 1970's indicated that the mere efforts of police cannot completely prevent crimes and the police started to cope with crimes and chaos in cooperation with community. An approach to prevent crimes in cooperation with community to overcome the limitations of policing is called community policing, which is recently presented as nation-wide community-based local security activities in Korea supported by multiple agencies. In this respect, 'Community Safety Committee' launched to establish law and order as well as infrastructure of public order with the participation of local council, educational institution, press, and private organizations, led by the police and local autonomous entities, with the advent of Lee Myung-Bak's administration in 2008. For community safety committee, an integrated security network of Korean societies, to be in international step with community policing, it is recommended to improve the followings within the framework of essential elements of community policing, including strategy-oriented policing, neighborhood-oriented policing, problem-oriented policing, and decentralization of policing. Firstly, most of the people concerned with community safety committee consider this meeting as a regular social gathering hosted by chief or head of local communities, and are not serving to integrated and systematic community policing to control crimes and disorder. Regular check up on the progress of community public safety plan by each participating agency is required to work on an improvement to the above issues. Meanwhile, it is imperative to dispatch police with professional knowledge in community crime and order to local governments, offer counseling service for establishment of community safety plan, train related public officials, and found central strategy team in charge of information sharing for successful cooperation between the police and community. Secondly, neighborhood-oriented policing is not in full operation due, in large part, to the little interest in communication between the police and local residents as well as the failure of local residents to participate in policing. Then the present consultative committee, mainly comprised of heads of aided organizations from government, is supposed to hire those who represent local residents such as town foreman, so that they could directly listen to the opinions of local residents at the community safety committee to share the problems of the community. Thirdly, community safety committee pays more attention to show off tangible results of chief of organization rather than to understand the problems of community crime and disorder, which leads to another failure to perform problem-oriented policing. Members of consultative committee will have to find out the loopholes of community safety in regular series to substantialize the meeting. Fourthly, community safety committee takes paramilitary form of organization led by official commands for internal employees, mainly focusing on networking local community for organization. However, it is indispensable to perform policing activities suited to local situations by delegating decision-making system of the police to middle management for revitalization of community policing through community safety committee, and then take internal police's level of job satisfaction into consideration. Provided that the above issues are settled down successfully, community safety committee will be able to promise local residents a high level of safety from crimes and accidents, serving to core roles of community policing based on cooperation between the police and community.

또래의 신체활동 게임에서의 권력 결정요인 분석

김재운(Chae Woon Kim),권민혁(Min Hyuk Kwon) 한국스포츠사회학회 2002 한국스포츠사회학회지 Vol.15 No.2