수지상세포에 대한 Callophyllis japonica 추출물의 면역조절효과

김미형,주홍구,Kim, Mi-Hyoung,Joo, Hong-Gu 대한면역학회 2007 Immune Network Vol.7 No.2

Background: A red seaweed, Callophyllis japonica has been traditionally eaten in the oriental area. In a recent study, it has been demonstrated that the ethanol extract of C. japonica have antioxidant activity. However, there are few studies about the effects of C. japonica on the function of immune cells. We investigated the immunomodulatory effects of C. japonica on the function of dendritic cells, the potent antigen-presenting cells. Methods: Bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (DCs) were used and the viability was measured by 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay and trypan blue exclusion test. Cytokine and nitric oxide (NO) levels were determined by using ELISA and Griess reagent, respectively. The expression levels of DC surface markers were measured by flow cytometric analysis. Results: C. japonica ethanol extract did not significantly affect the DCs viability and the IL-12 production from DCs, irrespective of the presence of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). In addition, it did not significantly change the expression of DC surface markers. However, C. japonica ethanol extract significantly inhibited the LPS-induced NO production and also increased the proliferation of allogeneic lymphocytes activated by DCs. Conclusion: Our data suggests that C. japonica ethanol extract enhances the proliferation of allogeneic lymphocytes activated by DCs which is associated with inhibition of NO production from DCs induced by LPS.

충청남도 공무원의 순화 대상어 사용 실태 연구

김미형(Kim, Mi-hyoung),서은아(Seo, Eun-a) 우리말글학회 2014 우리말 글 Vol.61 No.-

이 연구는 충청남도 공무원의 행정 용어 사용 실태를 점검하는 한편 일반 국민을 대상으로 행정 용어에 대한 이해도·선호도 및 인지도 조사를 통해 행정 용어의 문제점을 진단하는 것이 목적이다. 행정 용어에 대한 이해도ㆍ선호도 조사에서는 ‘동법, SOC, 태스크포스, 동법’ 등의 정확한 뜻을 알고 있는지 살펴보았다. ‘SOC’는 85.1%의 국민이 정확한 뜻을 모른다고 대답했고, ‘태스트포스’는 79%, ‘동법’은 55.6%의 국민이 정확한 뜻을 모른다고 대답했다. 공문서에서 어려운 행정 용어를 사용하는 것에 대해서는 82.9%가 “좋지 않다.”라고 응답했고, 쉬운 행정 용어를 사용하는 것에 대해서는 52.8%가 “좋다.”라고 응답했다. 충청남도 공무원들이 쉬운 행정 용어를 얼마나 사용하는지, 문화체육관광부가 선정한 312개 행정 용어 순화 대상어의 사용 실태를 분석한 결과, 270개의 행정 용어가 사용되었으며 ‘파일’, ‘동법’, ‘투어’, ‘소요’, ‘유관기관’, ‘이벤트’ 등의 사용 빈도가 높게 나타났다. This study aims to examine the usage of refining target words by civil servants of Chungcheongnam-do, and to diagnose problems caused by those terms through an investigation of public understanding, preferences, and awareness of the administrative terms and related problems, in order to lay the foundation for improvement. For the investigation of the public understanding, preferences, and awareness of administrative terms, the expressions such as ‘dongbeop (same law), SOC, Mecca, landmark, task force, roadmap, fam tour and voucher’ were selected to find out whether the general public know their exact meaning. As a result, 85.1% of the respondents answered they did not know the exact meaning of ‘SOC’, and 79% answered the same for ‘task force’, 55.6% for ‘dongbeop’, 53.6% for ‘fam tour’ and 53% for the term ‘voucher’. In contrast, 53.7% of the people answered they roughly knew the meaning of ‘landmark’, and 46% said the same for ‘roadmap’, and 58% of the respondents said they knew exactly what ‘Mecca’ meant. When asked about the usage of administrative terms originated from Chinese characters and foreign words in official documents, 82.9% of the respondents answered it was “not good”, and for reasons behind it, 54.7% said “Hangeul alone is enough to convey meaning”. When asked about official documents with expressions that are easy to understand without difficult administrative terms, 52.8% of the respondents said “good”. People"s preference for the use of simple and easy expressions instead of challenging administrative terms, was explained by the reason picked by 72.1% of the respondents, which was “because it is easy to understand the meaning of the word”. In order to find out the frequency of refining words for official administrative terms used by the civil servants of Chungcheongnam-do, an analysis was conducted on the usage of 312 refining words selected by the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism. And as a result, 270 of them were used and the total frequency turned out to be 327,175. And the word with the highest frequency turned out to be ‘file’ which was used 32,251 times, followed by ‘dongbeop’ with 24,099 times, ‘tour’ with 20.945 times, ‘soyo(required)’ with 15,615 times, ‘relative institution’ with 14,323 times and ‘event’ with 12,431 times in sequence. Among the refining words for administrative terms, there were some that have not been used at all, whereas, in certain cases, other refining words have been used much more frequently than the target terms to be refined. Therefore, it would be more effective to put continuous efforts to refine administrative terms rather than to impose regulative actions to make people “use refining words whenever possible” through official notices by the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism as in current situation.

문장 종결형 -다와 -라의 기능 고찰

김미형 ( Mi Hyoung Kim ) 한말연구학회 2005 한말연구 Vol.- No.16

국어 완곡 표현의 유형과 언어 심리 연구

김미형 ( Mi Hyoung Kim ) 한말연구학회 2000 한말연구 Vol.- No.7

한,영 완곡어의 대조 분석

김미형 ( Mi Hyoung Kim ) 한말연구학회 2009 한말연구 Vol.- No.25

전문용어 표준화 연구 : 대상어 선정과 순화 기법을 중심으로

김미형(Kim, Mi-hyoung) 한국사회언어학회 2019 사회언어학 Vol.27 No.4

Standardization of terminology cannot be treated lightly as it is extremely important for smooth communication with the public. In this paper, standardization of terminology conducted by central administrative agency based on article 17 of the Organic Law of Korean National Language is examined. Issues associated with the selection of target words for standardization and their refinement process are analyzed along with proper solutions. Currently, standardization of 523 terminologies from Ministry of Culture, Sports, and Tourism, Ministry of Trade, Industry, and Energy, Ministry of Science and ICT, Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries, and Ministry of Citizen’s Interest is officially announced. Types of terminology that needs to be standardized from the perspective of easiness include difficult Chinese words, foreign language, and abbreviated English words. Specific selection criteria is required, as determining what should be deemed difficult can be very subjective. This paper discusses consideration of intermediate level Korean words, classification of loanwords and foreign words, possibility of substitution with proper pure Korean words, and writing abbreviated English words with substitutable Korean words. In addition, the following methods of standardization are discussed: substituting with elementary level Korean words, expressing same meaning, avoiding word-for-word translation, not expressing all elements of meaning, taking account of whole usage of vocabulary, considering laws and policies of specialized area, selecting a representative from dozen, and re-writing foreign words with Korean words.

한국어 ‘맛있다’ 범주 어휘 및 표현 유형에 관한 연구

김미형 ( Kim Mi Hyoung ) 한국언어문화학회 2016 한국언어문화 Vol.0 No.60

In this research, various expressions of ‘delicious’ in Korean are studied, and how deliciousness is expressed in cooking books by cooking specialists, essays by writers, and food shows by tasters is examined. Adjectives with the meaning of deliciousness comprise 8.7% of all tasty adjectives. In Korean, expression ‘Delicious’ is very rare; therefore, ‘delicious’ is expressed in many different ways. Categories of expression for deliciousness are set after investigating and gathering real examples. The categories are “use of core words for deliciousness (taste, tongue, drivel, spit, salivary gland, home-made taste, appetite, aftertaste, sincerity, scent, fragrance, sweet, flavor), sense description (gustatory, olfactory, algesia, vision), cooking and cooking material description, tasting sample and appetite description, recognition and emotion description, figurative situation and rhetorical description (analogy, metaphor, metonymy, allegory, personification), selectivity description, quantitative description, relationship description, integral description. The deliciousness expression method is studied as examples of these ten categories are presented. In the category of gustatory, words for sweet, sour, salty, spicy, and bitter tastes are used for describing deliciousness in context to provide the most objective information of taste. In addition, expressions related to olfactory, algesia, and vision are also used. The integration of two palates and that of one or more categories also appear in various forms. Recently, food shows have become very popular in television. In these shows, tasters(mostly celebrities)’ expressions of deliciousness often seem to lack richness. If casts in many TV shows can express deliciousness in more diverse fashion when tasting samples, the consensus with viewers will broaden more.

한국어 구어와 문어의 특징 연구

김미형 ( Mi Hyoung Kim ) 한말연구학회 2004 한말연구 Vol.- No.15

신문기사 제목의 공공성 연구

김미형(Kim Mi-hyoung) 한글학회 2020 한글 Vol.- No.327

이 논문에서는 신문기사 제목의 공공성 요건을 고찰하고 이 기준에 따라 현황을 분석한다. 분석 자료는 한국의 10대 종합 일간지인 경향신문, 국민일보, 동아일보, 문화일보, 서울신문, 세계일보, 조선일보, 중앙일보, 한겨레신문, 한국일보에 2019년 11월 한 달 동안 실린 발생기사 제목 총 70건 648개이다. 사건이 발생했을 때 그 내용을 기술하고 기사에 알맞은 제목을 붙이는데, 제목 표현에서 공공성을 유지하는 일이 매우 필요하다. 신문언어는 영향력 범위가 매우 크므로 반드시 준수해야할 요건을 갖추어야 한다. 특히 제목은 독자들이 일차적으로 접하게 되는 위치에 있으므로 오해의 소지가 없게 알맞은 표현을 해야 하며 흥미유발을 위한 부적절한 표현을 쓰면 안 된다. 신문기사 제목이 적어도 그릇되지 않게 알맞게 붙여졌다고 간주될 만한 공공성 요건을 살펴본 결과, 어문규범의 공공성, 지시범주의 공공성, 기술화의 공공성, 대상화의 공공성, 논리성 관점의 공공성, 어휘 선정의 공공성을 거론할 수 있었다. 이 항목들을 설명하고 이 관점에서 기사 제목들을 비교 분석하였다. 그 결과 각 항목에 위배되는 여러 사례들이 발견되었다. 이 논문에 쓰인 일간지의 자료들은 권위 있는 신문사인 만큼 가짜 제목이 붙었거나 터무니없게 표현이 되지는 않았다. 그러나 공공성 관점에서 설정한 공공성 유형에서 벗어나는 예들이 다수 발견되므로 종합일간지의 신문 제목이 더욱 세심하게 작성되어야 함을 제언할 수 있다. This paper discusses the analysis of the requirements and current status of the publicity of newspaper articles’ headlines. The data analyzed in this study included the headlines of 648 articles written about 70 events published during November 2019 in South Korea’s 10 most popular daily newspapers: Kyunghyang Shinmun, Kukmin Ilbo, Dong-A Ilbo, Munhwa Ilbo, Seoul Shinmun, Segye Ilbo, Chosun Ilbo, JoongAng Ilbo, Hankyoreh Shinmun, and Hankook Ilbo. It is crucial that headlines about events use expressions that will not lead to misunderstandings. The publicity of a headline is a social judgment about whether the report is accurate or not. The first part of an article that readers see is the headline, so it is not proper for headlines to be exaggerated or written to attract reader interest. The following types of publicity were delineated by examining publicity requirements that headlines must meet to be deemed not improper: publicity of written and spoken language norms, instructional publicity, descriptive publicity, objectifying publicity, explanatory publicity, and lexicalizing publicity. This paper discusses the factors associated with these types of publicity by comparing and analyzing newspaper article headlines from the perspective of publicity.

동양어문학부 창설 및 중어중문학과 창립 10주년 기념 학술발표회 동아시아 어문학 교육의 문제 인문학의 위상과 국어국문학 교육문제

김미형(Mi Hyoung Kim) 상명대학교 어문학연구소 2000 語文學硏究 Vol.9 No.-

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