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가족복지에 있어서 가족사회사업과 가족치료간의 차이성에 관한 논의
김만두 한국가족사회복지학회 1997 한국가족복지학 Vol.- No.1
1. Purpose of the Study Research and studies on family and family intervention methods have to utilize a multi-disciplinary approach. Therefore, among professional groups, conflict of interests and duplication of efforts might arise concerning the professional standing, professional boundaries and theoretical frameworks. In the Korean family welfare field, the professional boundary lines and perspectives between family social work and family therapy are not clearly defined. Therefore there has been confusion and duplication of efforts and practice as well as in family welfare education. The purpose of this paper is to define succinctly the boundary line and theoretical framework of family social work and therapy so that both disciplines will not only coordinate their efforts but also enhance field practice. 2. Distinction between family social work and family therapy. First, a brief historical developmental process of both family social work and family therapy in the United States of America and Korea will be described. Secondly, seven major areas will be compared to highlight the distinctions and boundaries between the professions. 1) While family social work was mainly focused on 'family livelihood problems' family therapy was focused on family relationships. 2) Family social work has utilized the family support system and has been concerned with 'support' of the family rather than change in family patterns. In family therapy, utilizing family system theory, efforts were made to modify, to change, and to provide treatment in family relationships. 3) Family social work is not only concerned with the equilibrium within the family, but also the social, economic, and political factors which influence the family's livelihood and each family member's interaction with his/her environmental problems. On the otherhand, family therapy's main focus is to restore family equilibrium within the family. 4) While family social work analyzes how each member of the family affects or influences the other family members, family therapy analyzes how the entire family system influences each family member. 5) In family social work, family is viewed as an open system which transacts continuously with other environmental systems. In family therapy, its premise is to view family as a closed system. 6) In family social work, its hypothesis is such that family problems are caused by diversified variables and multiple causes, and in family therapy, more by the disconnected causes. 7) In family social work, the family is assisted by adopting the transactional approach based on ecological theory. In family therapy, however, the family's problems or symptons were analyzed from the perspective of the whole family's emotional system and communication structure. 3. Conclusion Family welfare social workers can make use of only one method, either family social work or family therapy. However, it might be more useful to utilize both methods rather than advocating only one. Recently, people blame the famly problems of sexual abuse, physical violence, child abuse, juvenile delinquency, homicide, and kidnappy as coused by family disintigration; others feel people are born evil. Faimly welfare workers, however, need to deepen their theoretical fknowledge and to develop skillful practical methods in both family social work and family therapy, being aware of both method's similarity and differences. Furthermore, family social workers need to be in the forefront of promoting the quality of life in individual families and society at large through flexible and cordinated use of both disciplines.
김만두 강남대학교 (강남사회복지학교)사회사업학과 1989 社會事業論集 Vol.12 No.1
사회복지시설은 자선을 베푸는 시설로서, 또는 사회질서를 방어하는 장치로서 올데 갈데없는 무연고자, 거리를 방황하는 걸식자, 부랑인, 정신장애자 등을 사회로부터 격리 수용하여 의, 식, 주, 편의를 제공하는 장으로서 활용되어 왔다. 그러나, 우리사회는 지난 30∼40년 사이 급격하게 변화되어 왔고 특히, 제6공화국 정부가 시작되면서 실로 정신을 차릴 수 없는 격변을 예고하고 있다. 이와 같은 격변은 정치의 민주화, 이데올로기의 극복, 산업화, 도시화의 유인이 크면 클수록 더욱 심화 될 가능성은 거의 확실하다.