친일반민족행위자 후손의 토지 소송에 관한 판례유형

김계순 梨花女子大學校 法學硏究所 2010 法學論集 Vol.14 No.4

Pro-Japanese and anti-national collaborators are Koreans who collaborated with the Japanese government during its reign over Korea and perpetrated a lot of damage to Korea and Korean people. They gained lands as rewards for such pro-Japanese and anti-national actions around that time and the lands have been inherited by their descendants. During the 1990s, the lawsuits have been on the increase where the descendants of pro-Japanese and anti-national collaborators sought a confirmation of ownership rights in their endeavors to regain their ancestors’ land. During the initial period, the court of law could not render a judgment which confiscates such land due to the lack of governing law. However, later, the “Special Act on Asset Confiscation of Pro-Japanese and Anti-national Collaborators to the State” (“the Special Act”) was enacted, which enabled confiscation of their lands. This thesis analyzes land-related lawsuits by the descendants of pro-Japanese and anti-national collaborators and their characteristics. The descendants’ ratio of winning the case had been high prior to the enactment of the Special Act; after the enactment the Special Act, the ratio of losing the case becomes considerably higher. On the other hand, after the enforcement of the Special Act, the descendants of pro-Japanese and anti-national collaborators often sell the land to the bona-fide third party. In those cases, the state could not confiscate the land pursuant to the proviso of Article 3 (1) of the Special Act. However, the land sales price that the descendants received from the purchaser can be confiscated. Nonetheless, it may not be always feasible to confiscate the land sales price, and thus, a legislation addressing this issue is in demand through the amendment of the Special Act. 친일반민족행위자는 일제강점기 동안에 친일행위의 대가로 토지를 얻었으며, 그 토지는 후손에게 상속되어 현재에 이르고 있다. 친일반민족행위자 후손의 재산의 국가귀속은 우리나라가 일제의 식민지통치를 경험하고도 해방 이후에 과거사청산을 해결하지 못하였기 때문에 발생하는 문제이다. 이 문제를 해결하는 데 있어서는 제2차 세계대전의 경험으로 과거청산을 한 국가의 법규를 소개하면서 우리나라의 법규와 비교하고 있다. 과거청산을 위한 외국법률은 물적 청산에 한정하여 연구하며, 우리나라의 경우에도 친일반민족행위자를 청산하기 위하여 법률을 마련했던 일련의 과정들을 살펴본다. 친일반민족행위자의 후손들이 조상 땅을 찾기 위하여 소유권확인을 구하는 소송이 증가하자, 초기에 법원은 이에 관한 법률이 없어서 토지를 국가에 귀속할 수 없었다. 후기에는 ‘친일반민족행위자 재산의 국가귀속에 관한 특별법’이 제정되어 그들의 토지를 국가에 귀속할 수 있게 되었다. 본 연구는 친일반민족행위자 후손의 토지의 소송에 관한 판례를 시기를 나누어 유형별로 분석하고 그 특징을 살펴보았다. 특별법 제정 전에는 그 후손들이 승소하는 비율이 높았으나 특별법 제정 후에는 패소하는 비율이 압도적으로 많다. 친일반민족행위자가 소유한 토지는 사정에 의한 취득이 많으며, 위 특별법이 제정된 후에는 법원은 사정에 의한 소유권 취득을 친일반민족행위자의 소유로 인정하지 않는다. 또한 특별법의 시행 전·후 하에 친일반민족행위자의 후손이 토지를 선의의 제3자에게 매도한 경우에 대하여, 친일재산의 국가귀속의 효력발생시기 및 선의의 제3자의 범위가 논의된다. 이 경우 국가는 특별법 제3조 1항 단서에 의하여 그 토지를 국가에 귀속할 수 없으나, 그 후손이 매수인으로부터 받은 토지매매대금을 국가에 귀속하고 있다. 이 경우 토지매매대금의 환수가 용이하지 않을 수 있으므로 특별법 개정을 통한 입법마련이 필요하다.

전염병(傳染病)의 농도(濃度), 고추의 묘령(苗齡) 및 온도(溫度)가 고추역병(疫病) 발생(發生)에 미치는 영향(影響)

김계순,박창석,최진식 한국식물병리학회 1985 한국식물보호학회지 Vol.24 No.3

傳染源의 濃度, 고추의 苗齡 및 溫度가 고추疫病 發生에 미치는 影響

金季順,朴昌錫,崔震植 한국응용곤충학회 1985 한국응용곤충학회지 Vol.24 No.3

고추 역병균(疫病菌) Phytophthorn cepsici의 토양중(土壤中) 밀도(密度)와 고추의 생육기(生育期) 및 온도(溫度)가 역병발생(疫病發生)에 미치는 영향을 구명(究明)하기 위하여 실내실험(室內實驗)과 비닐하우스 재배실험(栽培實驗)을 했던 바 다음 몇가지 결과(結果)를 얻었다. 인위적(人爲的)으로 접종(接種)한 병원균(病原菌)의 초기 생존수(生存數)는 무살균토양에서 월등히 많았으나 13일(日)이 경과된 후에는 급격히 감소되어 35일(日) 후에는 살균 무살균토양 모두 생존균(生存菌)을 검출(檢出)할 수 없었다. 토양 1g당(當) 최소 5개 이상의 유주자낭(遊走子囊)에 해당하는 전염원(傳染源)이 있어야 고추역병(疫病)이 발생(發生)되었으며 그 이상 전염원량(傳染源量)이 증가될수록 발생(發生)이 증가되었고 잠복기(替伏期)도 짧아졌다. 동일(同一)한 양(量)의 병균(病菌)을 접종(接種)했을 때 초기(初期)에는 묘령(苗令)이 어릴수록 발병(發病)이 많았으나 4주후(週後)부터는 묘령(苗令)에 관계없이 비슷하였다. 잠복기(潛伏期)는 묘령(苗令)이 어릴수록 짧았으나 병지속(病持續期間)은 생육기(生育期)에 따른 차이(差異)가 인정되지 않았다. 고추 유묘(幼苗)의 이병율(罹病率)은 에서 가장 높았고 순(順)이었으며, 전혀 발병이 없었던 와 에 처리(處理)했던 식물(植物)을 처리로 옮겼을 때 처리식물은 50%까지 계속 발병을 보인 반면 는 전혀 발병되지 않았다.)이 심(甚)하여도 종자전염율(種子傳染率)은 높지 않았다. 그리고 발아율(發芽率)에서는 반문(斑紋)의 영향(影響)이 없었다. 저항성품종(抵抗性品種) 검정(檢定)에서 Columbus외(外) 14품종(品種)이 이병성(罹病性), Chief외(外) 14품종(品種)이 중도저항성(中度抵抗性), 장백(長白)콩외(外) 17품종(品種)이 저항성(抵抗性)인 것으로 나타났다.(增加)되었는데, 특히 diazinon 과 decamethrin 처리(處理)에서 높은 증가율(增加率)을 보였다. 7. 약제처리(藥劑處理) 후(後), hopperburn발현도(發現度)는 약제(藥劑)의 종류(種類) 및 처리농도(處理濃度)에 따라 큰 차이(差異)를 보였는데, hopperburn발현(發現)은 diazinon, decamethrin 처리(處理)에서 크게 촉진(促進)되었다. 이상의 결과(結果)를 종합적(綜合的)으로 볼 때, diazinon 과 decamethrin의 처리(處理)는 포장(圃場)에서 벼멸구의 산란력(産卵力)과 성충수명을 증대(增大)시키고, 식이활동(食餌活動)을 촉진(促進)함으로서 벼멸구의 resurgence를 유발(誘發)하고 아울러 수도체(水稻體)의 hopperbun을 가속화시킬 가능성(可能性)이 있음을 알 수 있었다.는 점차 약하여 졌으나 catalase, invertase는 그 활성도가 일단 숙성중기에 높아졌다가 낮아졌다.n 이 pH 4.2이고 temperature는 이었다. 그리고 5'-phosphodiesterase 생성에서 최적 탄소원은 sucrose이고 질소원은 이고 corn steep liquor나 혹은 yeast extract를 각각 0.01%씩 첨가한 구는 첨가하지 않은 control 구보다 20%의 5'-phosphodies Through the laboratory and vinyl house experiments, the effects of inoculum density, plant age and temperature on the incidence of Phytophthora crown rot of pepper (Capsicum annum L.) were investigated. The propagule survival was greater in the natural soil than in autoclaved soil within first 2 weeks when the sporangial suspension of the pathogenic fungus was incorporated into soil, thereafter the survivability reduced rapidly. The propagule was not detectable in 35 days by means of Papavizas selective medium neither in natural nor in autoclaved soil. At least 5 sporangia per gram soil were required to induce crown rot for 30 days old pepper seedlings. Further increase in inoculum concentration above this threshold level resulted in higher disease incidence and shorter incubation period. When the same amount of inoculum was infested, higher disease incidence was observed for younger plants until 3 weeks after inoculation. On the other hand after 4 weeks this tendency was not extended any more. Younger plants were recognized as having shorter incubation period upon infection, however, the days from first symptom appearance to complete death were not significantly different among differently aged seedlings. Exposure of inoculated pepper seedlings to resulted in highest infection rates and followed by those to but no disease was found at for 10 days. When the plants previously incubated at different temperature for 10 days were moved to room temperature, prior exposure to brought continuous disease development. Even those plants preincubated at were diseased up to 50%. But the prior exposure to induced no symptom developed, indicating no seedlings infected at all.

2007년 개정 실과(기술ㆍ가정) 교육과정의 이해

김계순 한국가정과교육학회 2007 한국가정과교육학회 학술대회 Vol.2007 No.-

중년여성 만학도의 성장욕구와 자기실현 과정에 대한 자문화기술지

김계순,김명찬 한국질적탐구학회 2019 질적탐구 Vol.5 No.1

The purpose of this study is to examine the process of transition of a middle aged student from a housewife to a professional instructor by learning the desire for continuous growth a women who missed opportunities for learning due to patriarchal social customs and poverty. For this purpose, the research adopted one of the qualitative methods, the autoethnographic research methodology and collected data through conversations, recollections, and self-observations to accomplish the purpose. Th rough coding and analyzing of the data, the research results were defi ned in two themes of ‘delayed growth’ and ‘start of growth’. Th e research results are as follow. First, middle-aged female students came to be able to accepting their environemnts in which they could not have a chance to learn and clearly recognize the value of learning and their desire for it. Second, they were able to learn the self-realization process through the desire for growth of a middle-aged woman student. Th is study is meaningful as it looked deep into the process of self realization of a middle-aged women student by identifying motivation of learning and desire for growth and in the counseling, it helped them to continue with their education with confi dence. 이 연구는 남존여비의 가부장적 사회 관습과 빈곤으로 인해 배움의 기회를 박탈당했던 중년여 성의 끊임없는 성장욕구를 통해 전업주부에서 전문 강사로 전환되는 자기실현의 과정을 고찰하 는데 목적을 두었다. 이를 위해 질적 연구 중 하나인 자문화기술지 연구 방법으로 연구를 진행 하였다. 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위하여 화, 회상 자료, 자기 관찰 등의 자료를 수집하였다. 연 구 결과는 자료를 코딩하고 분석하여 ‘성장의 지연’, ‘성장의 시작’이라는 두 가지 주제를 도출하 였다. 이에 따른 연구 결과는 첫째, 중년 여성 만학도가 배움의 기회를 가질 수 없었던 자신의 환 경을 수용하고 그로 인한 배움의 가치와 욕구를 명확히 인지할 수 있었다. 둘째, 중년여성 만학 도의 성장욕구를 통해 자기실현 과정을 알 수 있었다. 이 연구는 중년여성 만학도의 배움 동기 와 성장욕구를 세하고 심층적으로 파악하여 자기실현 과정을 고찰한 것에 의의가 있으며 향 후 중년여성 만학도 상으로 상담하는 장면에서 그들이 좌절하지 않고 자신감을 가지고 학업 을 지속할 수 있도록 도우며 성장하고자 하는 자기실현을 위한 의미를 제공하고자한다.

의치 세정제가 의치상 레진과 이장용 레진의 결합강도와 표면경도에 미치는 영향

김계순,조혜원 원광대학교 치의학연구소 2003 圓光齒醫學 Vol.12 No.1

Removable partial denture and complete denture often require denture base relines to improve the fittness against tissue-bearing mucosa because of the gradual change in edentulous ridge contour and resorption of underlyng bony structure. Self-curing hard reline offers the immediate and relatively inexpensive means to be recondition the surface of denture base directly. However weak bond between denture base resin and reline material can harbor bacteria, promote staining, or result in complete separation of the two materials. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of denture cleansers on bond strength and surface hardness of reline resin to denture base resin Denture base resin beams(60.0×15.0×3.0 mm) were made with Lucitone 199. the 10mm section was removed from the center of each specimen. The samples were replaced in the molds and the space of 10mm sections were packed with Tokuso Rebase reline material. The specimens were immersed in denture cleansers(Polident, Cleadent) and were evaluated after 1week, 2weeks, and 4weeks. The bond strength and surface hardness of self-curing hard reline materials to heat-curing denture base resin were measured using an UTM(universal testing machine). The obtained result were as follows; 1) There was no significant difference of usage, kind, and denture cleaner by application time on the bonding strength of self-curing hard resin to denture base resin. 2) There was no significant difference of usage, kind, and denture cleaner by application time on the surface hardness, but the surface hardness showed decreasing tendency, as the time of immersion was extended. 3) The failure modes of the specimens was initially adhesive failure and finally cohesive failure of self-curing hard reline resin.

호주제도의 폐지

김계순 민주주의법학연구회 2001 민주법학 Vol.19 No.1

This study aims to provide theoretical basis to promote the abolition of the family-head system, one of the peculiar features of the Korean family law. Chapter I identifies the problems of today's family-head system. The head of the family wields powerful control over the family members in a rule-bound, rigid hierarchy, which creates a structure where the women members are systematically and ideologically discriminated as second citizens. Thus, the family-head system has been the focal point of the controversy surrounding the discussions for the reform of the Korean family law. Chapter II introduces the history of the family-head system and studies whether the present family-head system truly has its root in Korea's tradition. The origin of the family registry can be traced back to Shilla Dynasty, but the term family-head was first used in Koryo period. However, the family-head system of Koryo and Choson were distinctively different from today's system. The system during the Koryo and Choson periods was rather closer to today's National ID(Identification Card) system in that is was in principle based on the residency of the subjects. They also differ from the present system, as the bereaved wife of the head of the family succeeded to the title, instead of his oldest son. The family-head system as it is known today was first introduced by the Japanese during their colonial rule and later incorporated into the Korean Civil Code after Korea's independence, which was influenced by relevant Japanese statutes. Conservationists argue that the family-head system is our historical asset inherited from Koryo and Choson, which should be preserved and maintained. This argument, however, is flawed in that the current system is only a remnant of Japanese rule, different from our traditional family-head system. Chapter III examines the problems of the family-head system from the legal standpoint. First, conservationism defends the family-head system by arguing that the succession of the title thereof preferably to the male members does not violate equal rights under the Constitution because there exists enough social and historical consensus to justify it. However, Article 781 Clause 1 read Children shall be registered in Father's family registry and Article 826 Clause 3 read the wife shall be included in her husband's family registry of the Civil Code are clearly in breach of Article 36 Clause 1 of the Constitution no matter what. Second, it is argued that Korean culture is family-oriented and Korean people put the larger good of their family before individual interests, and therefore the patriarchal family-head system, around which Korea's family-oriented tradition evolves, deserves to be preserved. However, notwithstanding the existence of the traditional patriarchy, such family-head system is detrimental to the development of democratic families in which every member should be treated as an equal human being. Third, the Constitution amended in 1987 includes Article 36, which is designed to promote equal rights between men and women within the family, This is done to incorporate changes in Korea's legal status caused by Korea's accession to the 1984 UN Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination against Women into our legal system, and subsequently, new legislations to this effect were introduced. Since the 1990s, the numerous new legislations related to women's rights have been made, or previous ones amended to better achieve the equality between men and women, but the family-head system under the Civil Code remains untouched, in obvious contradiction to the aforesaid legislations. Fourth, Korea is now left to be the only country still maintains the family-head system, as it has long been abolished elsewhere in the world. Chapter IV examines the harmful consequences of the family-head system and the general public's views about it. First, even if a divorced mother is awarded with the custody of the children, they are not eligible for the benefits of their mother's medical insurance because they remain registered in their father's family registry. Second, the Civil Code provides that male descendents have priority over their female counterparts in the succession to the head of the family, thus encouraging abortion of female babies. Also studied was the change of the views of the general public. According to a survey conducted in 1957, 72.4% of people polled replied in favor of the family-head system, whereas the recent poll in November 1999 shows the majority of Koreans now support abolition of the same system. Chapter V suggests possible alternatives in place of the family-head system in case of abolition thereof, i. e. family registry subject to the residency of its members ; individualized registry and; revision and amendment to the current National Identification Card system. In Chapter VI, it is concluded that the family-head system in the Civil Code, which never existed before Japanese colonization, was forcefully transplanted to facilitate their colonial rule. For the reference, the movement to rule out the family-head system on the ground of its unconstitutionality has taken a big step forward as 15 women claiming damages from the system filed complaint to the Seoul Family Court on November 28 2000. The law, like the sun, should equally shine upon everything on earth as an ultimate tool for justice. Therefore, if the law is to be applied favorably to some while unfavorably to others, it cannot be the tool to achieve justice. The family-head system should be abolished as it institutes discrimination against women and male supremacy through legal means, thus violating the rights of the people who suffer injustice due to the system.

전염원(傳染源)의 농도(濃度), 고추의 모령(苗齡) 및 온도(溫度)가 고추역병(疫病) 발생(發生)에 미치는 영향(影響)

김계순,박창석,최진식,Kim, G.S.,Park, C.S.,Choi, J.S. 한국응용곤충학회 1985 한국식물보호학회지 Vol.24 No.3

고추 역병균(疫病菌) Phytophthorn cepsici의 토양중(土壤中) 밀도(密度)와 고추의 생육기(生育期) 및 온도(溫度)가 역병발생(疫病發生)에 미치는 영향을 구명(究明)하기 위하여 실내실험(室內實驗)과 비닐하우스 재배실험(栽培實驗)을 했던 바 다음 몇가지 결과(結果)를 얻었다. 인위적(人爲的)으로 접종(接種)한 병원균(病原菌)의 초기 생존수(生存數)는 무살균토양에서 월등히 많았으나 13일(日)이 경과된 후에는 급격히 감소되어 35일(日) 후에는 살균 무살균토양 모두 생존균(生存菌)을 검출(檢出)할 수 없었다. 토양 1g당(當) 최소 5개 이상의 유주자낭(遊走子囊)에 해당하는 전염원(傳染源)이 있어야 고추역병(疫病)이 발생(發生)되었으며 그 이상 전염원량(傳染源量)이 증가될수록 발생(發生)이 증가되었고 잠복기(替伏期)도 짧아졌다. 동일(同一)한 양(量)의 병균(病菌)을 접종(接種)했을 때 초기(初期)에는 묘령(苗令)이 어릴수록 발병(發病)이 많았으나 4주후(週後)부터는 묘령(苗令)에 관계없이 비슷하였다. 잠복기(潛伏期)는 묘령(苗令)이 어릴수록 짧았으나 병지속(病持續期間)은 생육기(生育期)에 따른 차이(差異)가 인정되지 않았다. 고추 유묘(幼苗)의 이병율(罹病率)은 $25^{\circ}C$에서 가장 높았고 $30^{\circ}C,\;20^{\circ}C$순(順)이었으며, 전혀 발병이 없었던 $15^{\circ}C$와 $35^{\circ}C$에 처리(處理)했던 식물(植物)을 $25^{\circ}C$ 처리로 옮겼을 때 $15^{\circ}C$ 처리식물은 50%까지 계속 발병을 보인 반면 $35^{\circ}C$는 전혀 발병되지 않았다. Through the laboratory and vinyl house experiments, the effects of inoculum density, plant age and temperature on the incidence of Phytophthora crown rot of pepper (Capsicum annum L.) were investigated. The propagule survival was greater in the natural soil than in autoclaved soil within first 2 weeks when the sporangial suspension of the pathogenic fungus was incorporated into soil, thereafter the survivability reduced rapidly. The propagule was not detectable in 35 days by means of Papavizas selective medium neither in natural nor in autoclaved soil. At least 5 sporangia per gram soil were required to induce crown rot for 30 days old pepper seedlings. Further increase in inoculum concentration above this threshold level resulted in higher disease incidence and shorter incubation period. When the same amount of inoculum was infested, higher disease incidence was observed for younger plants until 3 weeks after inoculation. On the other hand after 4 weeks this tendency was not extended any more. Younger plants were recognized as having shorter incubation period upon infection, however, the days from first symptom appearance to complete death were not significantly different among differently aged seedlings. Exposure of inoculated pepper seedlings to $25^{\circ}C$ resulted in highest infection rates and followed by those to $30^{\circ}C\;and\;20^{\circ}C$ but no disease was found at $15^{\circ}C\;and\;35^{\circ}C$ for 10 days. When the plants previously incubated at different temperature for 10 days were moved to $25^{\circ}C$ room temperature, prior exposure to $20^{\circ}C\;and\;30^{\circ}C$ brought continuous disease development. Even those plants preincubated at $15^{\circ}C$ were diseased up to 50%. But the prior exposure to $35^{\circ}C$ induced no symptom developed, indicating no seedlings infected at all.

의치 세정제가 의치상 레진과 이장용 레진의 결합강도와 표면경도에 미치는 영향

김계순,정회열,김유리,조혜원,Kim Kyea-Soon,Jeong Hoe-Yeol,Kim Yu-Lee,Cho Hye-Won 대한치과보철학회 2003 대한치과보철학회지 Vol.41 No.4

Statement of problem : Removable partial denture and complete denture often require denture base relines to improve the fittness against tissue-bearing mucosa because of the gradual change in edentulous ridge contour and resorption of underlyng bony structure. Self-curing hard reline resins offers the immediate and relatively inexpensive means to be recondition the surface of denture base directly However weak bond between denture base resin and reline material can harbor bacteria, promote staining, or result in complete separation of the two materials. Purpose : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of denture cleansers on bond strength and surface hardness of reline resin to denture base resin Denture base resin beams($60.0{\times}15.0{\times}3.0mm$) were made with Lucitone 199. Material and methods : 10mm section was removed from the center of each specimen. The samples were replaced in the molds and the space of l0mm sections were packed with Tokuso Rebase reline material. The specimens were immersed in denture cleansers (Polident, Cleadent) and were evaluated after 1 week, 2 weeks, and 4 weeks. The bond strength and surface hardness of self-curing hard reline materials to heat-curing denture base resin were measured using an UTM (universal testing machine). Results and conclusion : 1) There was no significant difference of usage, kind, and denture cleaner by application time on the bonding strength of self-curing hard reline resin to denture base resin. 2) There was no significant difference of usage, kind, and denture cleaner by application time on the surface hardness, but the surface hardness showed decreasing tendency, as the time of immersion was extended. 3) The failure modes of the specimens was initially adhesive failure and finally cohesive failure of self-curing hard reline resin.

중년여성 만학도의 성장욕구와 의미에 대한 자문화기술지

김계순,김명찬 한국상담학회 2018 한국상담학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2018 No.8