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트리클로로에틸렌이 흰쥐의 태반 기능과 발생에 미치는 영향
강정학 ( Jeong Hak Kang ),이채관 ( Chae Kwan Lee ),문덕환 ( Deog Hwan Moon ),손병철 ( Byung Chul Son ),김대환 ( Dae Hwan Kim ),이창희 ( Chang Hee Lee ),김휘동 ( Hwi Dong Kim ),김정원 ( Jung Won Kim ),김종은 ( Jong Eun Kim ),이채언 한국산업위생학회 2004 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.14 No.3
This study aimed at investigating the toxic effects of trichloroethylene (TCE) on the placental function and reproduction in rat. For these study placental prolactingrowth hormone (PRL-GH) family gene expression, placental trophoblast cell frequency and reproductive data were analyzed. Pregnancy of the Sprague-Dawley rats were checked by the presence of the copulatory plug or sperm in the vaginal smear and defined as the pregnant day (PD) 0. The pregnant rats were divided into the three groups. The control group was intraperitoneally injected with sesame oil. The remaining groups were injected with 100 or 500mg/kg B.W/day of TCE resuspended with sesame oil from PD 7-11 or 16-20. Rats were sacrificed at PD 11 and 20. mRNA levels of PRL-GH family and Pit-1a, b isotype genes were analyzed by Northern blot hybridization and Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Hormone concentration was analyzed by radioimmunoassay. Frequency of placental trophoblast cells were observed by histochemical study. Reproductive data such as placental and fetal weights pregnancy period, and litter size were surveyed at PD 20 and after birth. Statistical analysis was carried out by the SAS program (version 8.1). mRNA levels of PRL-GH family genes such as placental lactogens and placental prolactin like proteins were reduced by TCE administration. mRNA level of Pit-1a, b isotype genes that induce the expression of PRL-GH family genes were also reduced by TCE administration. Placental lactogen II concentration in the placenta, fetus and maternal blood were decreased by TCE administration. Exposure to a high dose of TCE reduced the frequency of the spongiotrophoblast cell in junction zone. Reproductive data such as placental and fetal weights, litter size were reduced, and pregnancy period was extended in the TCE exposed group than control. These data suggested that TCE disrupts the ordered functions of placenta and these effects lead to the reproductive disorder in rat.
김강정(Kim Kang Jung) 한국산업경영학회 2004 經營硏究 Vol.19 No.4
This study measured the change in the productivity of Korean hotel industry by Malmquist productivity indexes including technical efficiency because rapid technical change could result in lower technical efficiency even If hotels became more productive over time. The productivity indexes are decomposed into three components such as pure efficiency changes, scale efficiency changes, and technical change The principal findings indicate that an overall increase in productivity driven more by technical progress than scale efficiency and pure technical efficiency change during 1997-2002 본 연구는 Malmquist 생산성지수를 이용하여 1997년부터 2002년까지 우리나라 호텔산업의 생산성을 측정하였다 선도호텔의 급격한 기술진보는 효율적 프론티어의 상승을 가져오기 때문에 일반호텔의 생산성은 증가하였다 할지라도 선도호텔의 기술진보를 따라가지 못하면 효율성은 감소한다. 그러므로 효율성만으로 호텔산업의 경영상태를 정확하게 파악하는 것은 어렵기 때문에 본 연구에서는 효율성과 생산성을 동시에 측정하였다 또한 생산성은 순수기술효율성변화, 규모효율성변화와 기술변화로 분리하여 측정하였다 연구결과에 의하면 우리나라 호텔산업의 효율성은 낮아졌지만 생산성은 증가한 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 생산성증가는 순수기술효율성이나 이나 규모효율성보다는 호텔산업의 기술진 보로부터 기인되었으며, 호텔산업의 효율성하락은 선도호텔의 기술진보로 인한 것임을 확 인하였다.
김지열(Ji Yeul Kim),범희승(Hee Seung Bom),정명호(Myung Ho Jeong),강정채(Jung Chaee Kang),송호천(Ho Chun Song) 대한핵의학회 1993 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.27 No.2
N/A Apparent washout of T1-201 may occur between redistribution and reinjection images. To examine the frequency of it, we prospectively compared 4-hour redistribution and reinjection images in 63 consequent patients. Al1 patients underwent pharmacological stress test using 0.56 mg/kg dipyridamole. Immediately after the 4-hour redistribution images, 1mCi T1-201 was injected at rest, and images were reacquired 10 minutes after reinjection. The stress, redistribution, and reinjection images were then analyzed semiquantitatively (0=no uptake, l=faint uptake, 2=mildly diminished uptake, 3=normal uptake). Of the 100 abnormal myocardial regions on the stress images, 54 showed either complete or partial reversibility on 4-hour redistribution images. After reinjection 11(21, 2%) of these regions demonstrated apparent T1-201 washout due to low differential uptake of the tracer, Such lesions would appear irreversible if redistribution imaging is not performed before reinjection. Thus 4-hour redistribution imaging should be performed for assessment of myocardial ischemia and viability.
김지열(Ji Yeul Kim),범희승(Hee Seung Bom),박주형(Joo Hyung Park),안영근(Young Keun Ahn),정명호(Myung Ho Jeong),조정관(Jeong Gwan Cho),박종춘(Jong Choon Park),강정채(Jung Chaee Kang) 대한핵의학회 1992 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.26 No.2
N/A Clinical role of Tc-99m-MIBI myocardial scintigraphy in the diagnosis of coronary artery disease (CAD) is now well accepted, however, the role of it in the identification of viable myocardium in patients with chronic CAD has not yet been clarified. To determine the usefulness of rest-injected Tc-99m-MIBI scan as a marker of myocardial viability, the regional uptake of this agent at rest was compared with that of 201T1 on reinjection and 24 hours after reinjection images. Subject patients were 13 chronic CAD patients who showed irreversible perfusion defect(s) on standard pharmacologic (dipyridamole) stress-redistribution images. Immediately after the redistribution images were obtained, 37 MBq thallium was injected at rest, and images were reacquired at 10 minutes and 24 hours after reinjection. After then 740 MBq Tc-99m-MIBI was injected, and 1 hour later rest MIBI myocardial imaging was performed. Five sets of images (stress, redistribution, reinjection, delayed images of thallium, and rest image of MIBI) were then analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. Left ventricle was arbitrarily divided into 9 segments (apex, basal and apical portions of anterior, septal, inferior, and lateral walls). Seven patients and 30 regions showed a fixed perfusion defect on the stress-redistribution images. Among 30 regions, 15 showed positive uptakes and 6 showed negative uptakes on both 201T1 reinjection/delayed images and Tc-99m-MIBI rest images. Five regions showed only thallium uptake and were regarded as viable clinically. Of four regions which showed only Tc-99m-MIBI uptake, two were regarded as viable, while the other two were regarded as a nonviable scar tissue clinically. In conclusion, 201T1 reinjection technique was more reliable in the identification of viable myocardium. However, the role of Tc-99m-MIBI in identification of viable myocardium was still remained to be clarified because 2 of 9 regions showed only Tc-99m-MIBI uptake and were regarded as viable tissues.
농촌의 자원지도력 육성을 위한 농업인 조직의 활력화 방안 연구: 농촌지도자회 사례
김진군 ( Jin Goon Kim ),강정현 ( Jung Hyun Kang ),김인규 ( In Kyu Kim ) 한국농촌지도학회 2008 농촌지도와 개발 Vol.15 No.2
The objective of this study was to develop the strategies for enhancing activities of the “Korean Rural Leaders`` Association” to foster the voluntary leadership in rural area. Literature review and questionnaire survey were carried out. The results of the study were as follows: Firstly, for enhancing the organizational competency, it was regarded as the important components that developing an organizational vision, improvement of structure and functions, promotion of the organizational management efficiency including human resource, securing new members and establishment of organizational culture. And secondly, for accelerating the organizational activities, it was expected to give more concern to such activities as public services, spokesman``s role for the farmers, organizational / international cooperations and research at central level of the association.
Tc - 99m MIBI 와 Tl - 201 심근 SPECT에서 역재분포의 임상적 의의
김지열(Ji Yeul Kim),범희승(Hee Seung Bom),송호천(Ho Cheon Song),박주형(Joo Hyung Park),정명호(Myung Ho Jeong),조정관(Jeong Gwan Cho),박종춘(Jong Choon Park),강정채(Jung Chaee Kang),길광채(Kwang Chae Gill) 대한핵의학회 1996 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.30 No.1
N/A Reverse redistribution(RRD) refers to a perfusion defect that develops or becomes more evident on rest imaging compared with the stress imaging. This phenomenon was not uncommonly noted on myocardial perfusion single photon emission computed tomography(SPECT). However, the clinical significance and pathophysiological mechanism of RRD were unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence and clinical significance of RRD on either dipyridamole T1-201 or Tc-99m MIBI myocardial perfusion SPECT. RRD was defined as≥10% decrease in relative T1-201 and Tc-99m MIBI uptakes on rest images compared to the stress images or as an appearance of new perfusion defects on rest images. It was observed in both T1-201 (44/463, 9.5%) and Tc-99m MIBI (124/999, 12.4%) myocardial SPECTs similarly, with an overall incidence of 11.5%(168/1462). Many apparently unrelated disease groups showed the finding: post-revascularization(53.9%), coronary artery disease(24.6%), myocardial infarction(l2.3%), and those with normal coronary arteries(9.2%). Clinical and angiographic characteristics of 65 consecutive patients who underwent coronary arteriography in 168 patients who had RRD on myocardial perfusion SPECT were reviewed. Tc-99m MIBI was used in 44 patients, and TI-201 was used in 21 patients. Of the 81 myocardial segments analyzed which showed RRD, 32 segments(39.5%) were in septum, 24(29.5%) in inferior wall, 12(14.8%) in anterior wall, 7(8.7%) in apex and 6(7.4%) in lateral wall. There was no clear association between RRD and coronary arterial stenosis or presence of collateral circulations. Ventriculographical wall motion was evaluated in 27 regions with RRD; it was normal in 12 regions, hypokinetic in 12 regions and dyskinetic in 3 regions. In 14 of 21 patients who showed RRD on T1-201 myocardial SPECT, T1-201 reinjection was performed immediately after the 3-4 hour redistribution studies. Ten of 14(71.4%) showed enhanced T1-201 activity(≥10% increased) after reinjection. We conclude that RPD is not related to mode of stre