Di-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP)가 흰쥐 저정낭의 미세구조에 미치는 영향

길영천,김완종,신길상,Kil, Young-Chun,Kim, Wan-Jong,Shin, Kil-Sang 한국현미경학회 2000 Applied microscopy Vol.30 No.1

플라스틱 제품의 가소제 성분으로 쓰여지며, 내분비 교란물질로 알려져 있는 di-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP)가 흰쥐 부속생식선의 발달에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여, 미성숙한 상태의 웅성 흰쥐에 DEHP(1g/kg/day, 2g/kg/day, 3g/kg/day)를 15일간 구강으로 삽관 투여한 후, 저정낭 상피세포들을 중심으로 광학 및 전자 현미경적 관찰을 실시하였다. DEHP 투여에 의한 광학현미경적 변화로서는 분비선의 크기와 상피층의 두께가 감소하고, 강소 주변부위에서 교원섬유를 비롯한 결합조직 성분들이 증가하는 경향을 나타냈다. 저정낭 분비세포들의 미세구조를 보면, 원주형의 대조군 세포들내 전자밀도가 높은 분비과립들은 소포내 가장자리에 치우쳐 있었고, 세포질내에서 조면소포체와 골지복합체가 잘 발달하였으며, 다수의 미세융모들이 존재하고 있었다. DEHP 1g을 처리한 실험군에서 분비세포들의 미세구조상의 뚜렷한 변화는 관찰되지 않았으나, 미세융모와 분비소포의 분포가 다소 감소한 것으로 나타났다. 2g을 처리한 실험군에서는 분비세포의 세포질이 감소하여 세포의 형태가 원주형에서 입방형으로 변화되었으며, 핵막이 불규칙한 모습을 보였고, 조면소포체의 발달이 미흡하였으며, 분비소포의 수도 크게 감소하였다. 3g을 처리한 실험군에서는 세포소기관들의 미세구조가 뚜렷한 변화를 나타냈다. 핵내 이질염색질이 크게 증가하였고, 세포질내에서 분비소포를 거의 관찰할 수 없었으며, 2차 리소솜이나 공포들도 관찰할 수 있었다. 이상과 같이, DEHP는 저정낭내 분비세포들의 분화 및 기능을 농도 의존적으로 억제하는 것으로 나타났으며, 이러한 저해작용은 DEHP에 의한 테스토스테론의 농도 감소와 연관이 있는 것으로 판단된다. Di-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) has been known as one of endocrine disruptors. The present study was carried out to investigate the alterations of fine structure in rat seminal vesicle after oral intubation of DEHP in dosages of 1g/kg/day, 2g/kg/day or 3g/kg/day respectively in 0.5 ml of corn oil for If days. In rats treated with DEHP for 15 days, seminal vesicle exhibited extensive histological alterations compared to those observed in control groups. The size of the seminal vesicle and the mucosal folds decreased, but the lamina propria was considerably thickened. The ultrastructural changes of epithelial cells in seminal vesicle of rat treated with DEHP were characterized by the high nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio and the increased beterochromatin within irregular nuclear envelope. And also, the rough endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi complex and secretory vesicles were poorly developed. In conclusion, DEHP caused the ultrastructural and functional alterations of seminal vesicle in rats dose-dependently. It is suggested that these detrimental effects of DEHP on seminal vesicle are derived from the decrease level of testosterone.

흰쥐 정소의 미세구조에 미치는 Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP)의 영향

김완종,길영천,신길상,Kim, Wan-Jong,Kil, Young-Chun,Shin, Kil-Sang 한국현미경학회 1999 Applied microscopy Vol.29 No.3

Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is a plasticize. known as one of endocrine disruptors. The present study was carried out to investigate the ultrastructural changes of prepubertal rat testis after oral administration of DEHP in dosages of 1 g/kg, 3 g/kg or 5g/kg in 0.5 ml of corn oil daily for a week. This study revealed the DEHP inhibited the development of seminiferous tubules and induced structural changes on various cell types of the rat testis. Leydig cells, Sertoli cells and the developing germ cells seemed to be impaired their differentiations in terms of the structural changes of cell organelles. The increase of heterochromatin in amount were common features in all 3 cell types. In addition, the Leydig cells were characterized by the increases in number and size of lysosomes and the scantiness of smooth endoplasmic reticulum. The Sertoli cells became irregular in nuclear envelope and the cytoplasm decreased, but the number of lysosomes and vacuoles seemed to be increased. There were some indications of necrosis of the germ cells, such as vacuolized nucleus and segregated nucleolus. These detrimental effects of DEHP on the rat testis were dose dependent and suppressed spermatogenesis decreasing developing germ cells in number and appearances. The effect of DEHP on ultrastructure of rat testis, as its known physiological functions, seems come from the decreased level of testosterone by Leydig cells, followed by the abnomalities of Sertoli cells and the germ cells. 플라스틱 제품의 가소제로 널리 사용되며, 내분비 교란물질로도 알려져 있는 di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP)를 사춘기 이전 흰쥐에 1주일 동안 구강 투여 (1g/kg, 3g/kg, 5g/kg)한 후 분화중인 정소의 미세구조에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. DEHP 처리군에서는 대조군에 비하여 세정관 직경이 매우 작았으며, Leydig 세포, Sertoli 세포 및 분화중인 생식세포들의 증식이 억제되었다. 실험군에서 세정관 사이에 존재하여 테스토스테론을 분비하는 Leydig세포는 이질염색질이 증가하고, 세포질내에서 활면소포체의 발달이 미흡하였으며, 리소솜과 지방적이 증가하는 특징을 보였다. 세정관 내에서 Sertoli 세포는 세포질의 크기가 감소하고, 핵막이 불규칙해지거나, 염색질이 응축되어 있는 모습이 나타나며, 세포질내에서 리소솜과 액포들이 증가하였다. 실험군 흰쥐 정소내에서 분화중인 생식세포들의 핵은 이질염색질이 증가하거나, 응축되어 있고, 인의 분리현상이 관찰되기도 하며, 심한 경우 핵내에 공포가 형성되어 있거나, 괴사과정에 있는 생식세포들도 관찰되었다. 이와 같은 정소 미세 구조의 변화는 DEHP 투여량의 농도에 의존성을 보이며, 이 화합물은 Leydig 세포의 테스토스테론 합성 기능을 방해하고, 이어서 Sertoli 세포의 구조와 기능이 손상되어 정자형성과정 중인 생식세포들의 증식과 분화가 억제되는 것으로 사료된다.

흰쥐 정자형성과정에 미치는 Di - ( 2 - ethylhexyl ) phthalate 의 영향

김완종(Wan Jong Kim),길영천(Young Chun Kil),이종화(Jong Hwa Lee),신길상(Kil Sang Shin) 한국환경생물학회 1999 환경생물 : 환경생물학회지 Vol.17 No.3

Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is a plasticizer known as one of endocrine disruptors. The present study was carried out to investigate the alterations of function and ultrastructure in rat testes after oral intubation of DEHP in dosages of 1g/㎏/day, 2 g/㎏/day or 3 g/㎏/day in 0.5 ㎖ of corn oil for 15 days. DEHP reduced the growth of body and testes, inhibited spermatogenesis and induced structural changes on various cell types of the rat testis. Leydig cells, Sertoli cells and the developing germ cells seemed to be impaired their differentiations in terms of the structural changes of cell organelles. The increase of heterochromatin in amount were common features in all 3 cell types. In addition, the Leydig cells were characterized by the swelling of smooth endoplasmic reticulum and perinuclear space, the increases in number and size of lysosomes. The Sertoli cells became irregular in nuclear envelope and the number of lysosomes and vacuoles seemed to be increased. There were some indications of necrosis of the germ cells, such as vacuolized nucleus and segregated nucleolus. And also, DEHP lowered the level of testosterone in experimental rat serum. DEHP suppressed spermatogenesis decreasing developing germ cells and these effects of DEHP on the rat testis were dose depenent. The detrimental effect of DEHP on spermatogenesis and ultrastructure of rat testes seems to be derived from the decreased level of testosterone by Leydig cells, followed by the abnomalities of Sertoli cells and the germ cells. [DEHP, testis, ultrastructure, spermatogenesis].

한국인의 발등동맥과 첫째 등쪽발허리동맥에 대한 형태학적 연구

김중경(Joong Kyeong Kim),정인혁(In Hyuk Chung),이혜연(Hye Yeon Lee),윤관현(Kwan Hyun Yoon),길영천(Young Chun Kil) 대한해부학회 2001 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.34 No.1

발등동맥과 첫째 등쪽발허리동맥은 손과 발에 조직 결손이 생겨서 수술을 할 때 혈관줄기로 이용되므로, 두 동맥의 형 태 변이는 임상적으로 중요하다. 저자들은 이들 동맥의 형태 변이를 밝히기 위하여 발등동맥은 한국 성인 시체의 발 92쪽에서, 첫째 등쪽발허리동맥은 발등동맥에서 일어나는 경우 중 50쪽을 선택하여 이 연구를 시행하였다. 발등동맥은 달리는 방향에 따라서 여섯 유형으로 분류하였다. 발등동맥이 첫째 발허리뼈사이공간쪽으로 달려서 첫째 등쪽발허리동맥을 이루는 경우가 79.3%였다. 발등동맥이 가쪽으로 달리다가 다시 안쪽으로 휘어져 첫째 등쪽발허리동맥이 되는 경우는 5.4%였다. 발등동맥이 가늘고 첫째 등쪽발허리동맥으로 계속되지 않는 경우는 8.7%였다. 발등동맥이 발목 부위에서 갈라지면서 끝나는 경우가 2.2%였고, 발등동맥이 가쪽으로 주행하여 첫째 등쪽발허리동맥으로 연결되지 않는 경우는 3.3%였다. 또한 발등동맥이 근막 바깥쪽으로 달리는 경우도 1쪽 (1.1%)에서 발견되었다. 첫째 등쪽발허리동맥은 첫째 등쪽뼈사이근과의 위치 관계에 따라서 세 가지로 분류하였다. 첫째 유형은 첫째 등쪽발허 리동맥이 첫째 등쪽뼈사이근 위로 달리거나 속으로 주행하는 경우로 72%였고, 둘째 유형은 첫째 등쪽발허리동맥이 첫째 등쪽뼈사이근 아래로 지나는 경우로 22%였다. 셋째 유형은 첫째 등쪽뼈사이근의 위쪽 또는 근육 속으로 첫째 등쪽발허리 동맥이 달리지만 굵기가 가늘어서 이식수술 때 혈관줄기로 사용할 수 없는 경우로 6%였다. Morphological variation of the dorsalis pedis and the first dorsal metatarsal arteries are important because these arteries are used as flap pedicles during surgery of hands and feet with tissue defects. The purpose of this study was to investigate variations in the running pattern of the dorsalis pedis and first dorsal metatarsal arteries. We investigated the dorsalis pedis artery in 92 adult cadaver feet and 50 first dorsal metatarsal arteries that arose from these dorsalis pedis arteries were studied. The dorsalis pedis artery was classified into six types according to its running direction. The dorsalis pedis artery running in the direction of the first intermetatarsal space and branching into the first dorsal metatarsal artery was observed in 79.3%. The dorsalis pedis artery coursing laterally and becoming the first dorsal metatarsal artery after changing its direction medially was seen in 5.4%. The dorsalis pedis artery was thin and did not connect to the first dorsal metataral artery, split in the region of ankle and came to an end, and ran laterally and did not connect to the first dorsal metatarsal artery in 8.7%, 2.2%, and 3.7%, respectively. The dorsalis pedis artery ran superficial to the deep fascia in 1 of the 92 specimens (1.1%). The first dorsal metatarsal artery was classified into three types according to the positional relationship between the first dorsal metatarsal artery and the first dorsal interosseous muscle. The first dorsal metatarsal artery ran above or into the first dorsal interosseous muscle in 72% and ran below the first dorsal interosseous muscle in 22%. The first dorsal metatarsal artery that was either above or inside the first dorsal interosseous muscle but could not used as a flap pedicle because it was too small was seen in 6%.

흰쥐 간의 재생에 관한 세포화학적 연구

길영천,김완종,한상철 순천향대학교 기초과학연구소 1998 순천향자연과학연구 논문집 Vol.4 No.2

The present study was designed to evaluate the regeneration process, the localization of metallothionein(MT) and alkaline phosphatase(ALP), and the liver function during the liver regeneration of rat. The weight of control rat liver was about 4.3% of body weight. But after hepatectomy, the remaining liver weight was about 1.3% of body weight. The remaining liver seemed to begin regenerating at 24 hours after partial hepatectomy, and to complete at 7∼10days after hepatectomy. In control rat liver, metallothionein(MT) was scarcely found in the cell. But MT was found in both the cytoplasm and the nucleus of hepatocyte at 6 hours after hepatectomy, and MT reaction was found in the cytoplasm of liver at 24 hours after hepatectomy. From 5 days after hepatectomy, MT reaction became weak in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes. In control rat liver, the reaction products of alkaline phosphatase(ALP) were scarcely found in the nucleus. But in the experimental group, ALP was found at the membrane of hepatocyte contacted with the lumen. Activities of glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase(GOT) and glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT) of serum increased until 24 hours after hepatectomy, then returned to the normal level in about 2 days after hepatectomy. In conclusion, It is suggested that regenerating hepatocytes reveal characteristics of typical cell proliferation and carry out normal function.

흰쥐 전립선의 미세구조 분화에 미치는 Di-(2-ethylhexy1) phthalate의 영향

김완종,길영천,신길상 순천향대학교 기초과학연구소 2000 순천향자연과학연구 논문집 Vol.6 No.1

Di-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate(DEHP) is a plasticizer and is known as one of endocrine disruptors. This study was carried out to investigate the ultrastructural changes of prostate during differentiation in male rat after oral administration of DEHP in dosages of 1g/kg, 2g/kg or 3g/kg in 0.5mℓ of corn oil daily for 15 days. In rats treated with DEHP, the prostate exhibited extensive histological alterations compared to that observed in controls. Many of the glandular lumens in the prostate were collapsed or reduced in width. The alteratrions of epithelial cells in the prostate of DEHP treaten rat were characterized by the increases of the nuclear to cytoplasm ratio and the heterochromatin, the reductions of rough endoplasmic reticulum and secretory vesicle, and the irregularity of nuclear envelope. In conclusion, DEHP altered the structure and function of male rat prostate, dose-dependently. It is suggested that these detrimental effects of DEHP are due to the decreased level of testosterone.

이구아나 꼬리의 再生에 관한 연구

송정헌,안근재,길영천,김완종 순천향대학교 기초과학연구소 1999 순천향자연과학연구 논문집 Vol.5 No.2

This study was conducted to investigate the ultrastructural alterations and the appearance of new proteins during regeneration of the tail of iguana. The intact or regenerating tissues were prepared for electron microscopy and electrophoresis. On the electron microscopy of the regenerating spinal cord of iguana, spherical nuclei with much of euchromatin were observed. Heterochromatin were uniformly condensed in nuclei and distinctly vacuolated nuclear envelope was found. It was though that the cells showed high synthetic activities. SDS-PAGE analysis revealed some distinct bands which were not present in intact groups.

납(Pb)이 흰쥐 신장의 미세구조와 metallothionein 양상에 미치는 영향

김완종,한상철,길영천 순천향대학교 기초과학연구소 1997 순천향자연과학연구 논문집 Vol.3 No.2

The present study was carried out to investigate the effects of lead on ultrastructure and metallothionein (MT) in the kidney of rat given lead acetate. Rats were intraperitoneally injected with 10mg, 30mg or 50mg of lead acetate per kg body weight everyday for three days, and the kidney tissues were removed at 24 hours after repeated injections. The tissues were prepared for light and electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry of metallothionein(MT). By light microscopy, the shrinkage of glomerulus and the presence of blood cells in tubular lumen were observed in the kidney of rat given lead acetate. The reaction products for MT by immunohistochemical analysis appeared strongly in the cells consisting tubular walls in experimental groups. By electron microscopy, there were numerous cytoplasmic vacuoles and bundles of collagen fibrils, indicating the interstitial fibrosis. These results suggest that lead causes the degenerative changes of ultrastructure and increases MT content in rat kidney.

얕은관자혈관과 귓바퀴관자신경의 국소해부학적 관계

정원석,정인혁,이혜연,윤관현,길영천,김중경 대한해부학회 2000 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.33 No.5