레싱의 예술기호론

기정희 서울대학교 예술문화연구소 2000 예술문화연구 Vol.10 No.-

초등학생의 자존감 수준에 따른 나무검사(Baum Test)의 반응특성

기정희 한국미술치료학회 2015 美術治療硏究 Vol.22 No.5

school students' self-esteem. Participants included 335 (171 male, 164 female) elementary school students in grades 4 to 6. Measurements included the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale and the Baum Test. This study established 15 interpretation criteria with scoring criteria for each index. Data analysis was performed using Cohen's kappa coefficient, cross tabulation, and discriminant analysis. The results indicated that a total of 7 indices showed statistical significance. In the case of total indices, center-oriented location, appropriate tree size, and absence of baseline and landscape were more prevalent in the drawings made by children with high self-esteem. In terms of detail indices, trunk knots were more commonly observed in the drawings of low self-esteem children. But served trunk and trunk shading were more prevalent in the drawings by children with high self-esteem. All other indices showed meaningful differences in the Baum Test cross tabulation when a discriminant analysis was performed. The results of the analysis indicated an 64.5% discriminatory power for the variables, and tree size, baseline, landscape, trunk knots, and trunk shading were statistically significant variables. Therefore, It was found that the Baum Test can be an effective tool for the assessment of elementary school students' self-esteem. 본 연구는 초등학생의 자존감 수준에 따른 나무검사의 반응특성을 검토하여, 나무검사를 자존감을 사정하는도구로 활용할 수 있는가를 알아보기 위한 것이다. 연구대상은 경북 K시 J 초등학교 4~6학년생 335명(남 171, 여 164명)이다. 측정도구는 자존감 척도와 나무검사이다. 나무검사의 해석지표는 전체지표(7개)와 세부지표(8개) 로 설정하였으며, 자료분석은 교차분석과 판별분석을 실시하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 초등학생의 자존감수준에 따라 유의미한 차이가 있는 지표는 위치, 크기, 기저선, 풍경, 줄기(옹이), 줄기(잘림), 음영이다. 전체지표의 경우에는 자존감이 높은 아동이 낮은 아동보다 위치에서 중, 크기에서 적당, 기저선과 풍경에서 무의 비율이 높았다. 세부지표의 경우에는 자존감이 높은 아동이 낮은 아동보다 줄기(옹이)에서는 무의 비율이 높았던반면, 줄기(잘림)와 줄기(음영)에서는 유의 비율이 높았다. 그리고 이들 유의차가 있는 지표들에 대하여 판별분석을 실시하였고, 그 결과 크기, 기저선, 풍경, 줄기(옹이), 줄기(음영)이 유의한 변인으로 나타났다. 그리고 이들의 판별력은 64.5%이다. 따라서 본 연구의 결과, 나무검사는 초등학생의 자존감을 평가하는 진단도구로 활용할수 있다고 할 수 있다.

빈켈만의 예술해석론

기정희 신라대학교 예술연구소 1999 예술연구 Vol.4 No.-

고귀한 단순과 고요한 위대

기정희 부산외국어대학교 지중해연구소 2003 지중해지역연구 Vol.5 No.1

This paper aims to clarify the concept and meaning of classical beauty maintained by Winckelmann, called the discoverer of classical beauty of ancient Greek art. To do this, it will firstly make clear how the ideal of beauty is embodied, by examining the main properties of beauty in his works. Then, the contents and forms of ideal beauty will be explored through analyzing the relationship of beauty and its expression in this paper. Lastly, by examining the concept of ideal mentioned by him in his works, it will illustrate the character of ideal beauty and the process of its formation. According to Winckelmann, the ancient Greek art is the prototype of art. The ideal of its beauty is 'the noble simplicity and calm grandeur' exhibited in the posture and expression of ancient Greek sculptures. For him the highest beauty exists in God, and works as a principle of the formation of human beauty. Thus, human beauty is formed by its reflection. What is more, its highest form is found in the figure of adolescents, and concretely demonstrated in th configurations composed of elliptic lines. The concept of ideal beauty in Winckelmann's aesthetics is experiential and tangible rather than speculative. In other words, Winckelmann insists that the ideal beauty of ancient Greek art is established, when the beauties discovered in the parts of nature are unified into the whole in harmony. Thus, he advocates 'the normative idealism' based on nature. Winckelmann's theory of the ideal beauty mentioned above is of significance to the history of aesthetics. Firstly, Winckelmann develops the right perspective of art creation by applying the concept of ideal beauty to his theory. He might be able to employ the concept of ideal beauty based on merely art experience, because he was independent of the philosophy of his times. This may enable his theory of ideal beauty to hold the normative idealism and further to provide the basis of art creation. Secondly, his idea of the ideal beauty settled the concept of classical beauty. 'The noble simplicity and calm grandeur', referred to as the ideal of ancient Greek art by Winckelmann, implies the harmony of forms and contents and is the principle of the expression of the golden mean between both extremes. he regards the golden mean as the highest ideal, as understanding it as the essence of ancient Greek art. 'The noble simplicity and calm grandeur' is the most crucial element to the classical beauty in ancient Greece, and consequently becomes the ideology of neoclassicism. Furthermore, his idea of the ideal beauty has an significant influence on the establishment of German classicism's viewpoints of the world and art, which criticize the modern art culture. Lastly, Winckelmann's thoughts of ideal beauty may be considered to be universal. His idea of the golden mean contends that the beautiful comes from 'the harmony of reason and sensibility'. It can be also considered as the ultimate aim that the education of humanity through the beautiful in Schiller's aesthetics tries to reach. Furthermore, it shares a common idea with 'the way of the golden mean' of Oriental thoughts. Thus, the universality may be discovered in Winckelmann's idea of the ideal beauty.

정신 분열증 환자의 풍경화에 나타나는 특징

기정희 大韓神經精神醫學會 1982 신경정신의학 Vol.21 No.3

This study was conducted to find some characteristics of schizophrenic drawings comparing to neurotics. The 189 landscape drawings produced by psyciatric patients who had been admitted to the Paik Hospital from January 1975 to June 1977 and to the Sun Chun Hyang Hospital from September 1978 to March 1982 were evaluated. The author obtained the following results. Compared to neurotic group, schizophrenic group showed that 1) The horizone line was more obscure or absent and the two dimensional expressions were more predominant, representing the disruption of the spatial perspectives in schizophrenic pathology; 2) The stereotypy and the defect of detailed expression were predominant and the trends of symmetry and poor movement expression were noted; 3) The reality sense in color was defective. In schizophrenia, compared to non-paranoid group, the paranoid group showed that 1) The scripts appeared more frequently; 2) The expressions of lines were moredistinct and the better expressions of movement were noted; 3) The complementary colors were more frequently used;

빈켈만 미학에서 ‘이상미’의 문제

기정희 신라대학교 예술연구소 1998 예술연구 Vol.2 No.-

풍경구성기법의 시행방법에 따른 반응특성의 차이

기정희,백경미,김경남,김갑숙 한국미술치료학회 2012 美術治療硏究 Vol.19 No.2

본 연구는 미술치료에서 풍경구성기법을 집단법으로 활용하기 위한 기초적 연구이다. 본 연구의 목적은 개별법과 집단법이라는 시행방법에 따른 풍경구성기법의 반응특성의 차이를 검토하는 것이다. 이를 위하여 본 연구에서는 제주시 소재 00 초등학교에 재학 중인 6학년생 103명(남 46명, 여 57명)을 대상으로 2011년 3월부터 6월까지 동일 학생에게 집단법과 개별법으로 2회에 걸쳐 풍경구성기법을 실시하였다. 자료분석은 풍경구성기법의 평가자간 일치도를 알아보기 위하여 Cohen의 Kappa지수를 구하였고, 반응특성의 차이를 알아보기 위하여 교차분석을 실시하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 풍경구성기법의 평가자간 일치도는 .773-1.0 범위에 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 29개의 해석지표 가운데 5개의 해석지표, 즉 전체지표에서는 통합성, 형태의 사실성, 색채의 사실성에서 유의차가 있었으며, 요소지표에서는 산의 형태와 돌의 용도에서 유의차가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 결론적으로, 풍경구성기법은 원래는 정신분열증 환자의 치료를 위한 개별법으로 창안된 것이지만, 진단도구로서 특히 양적연구를 위하여 집단법으로도 활용할 수 있다. This paper is a basic study for applying Landscape Montage Technique(LMT) to art therapy. The purpose of this study is to examine the differences in the reaction characteristics of LMT between the individual conduct and the collective conduct in LMT. For this study, 103 elementary students (46 male, 57 female) were asked to participate in LMT twice from March to June 2011, in order to target the same group by the individual conduct and the collective conduct. Data analysis was performed using Cohen's Kappa value and cross tabulation. The results are as follows: First, reliability appeared to be in the range of .773 to 1.0. Secondly, there are 5 interpretation criteria that show a significant difference. These include: integration, reality of figures, color fit in total index, mountain figures, and stone use in item index. In conclusion, it was found that LMT can be an effective treatment tool for schizophrenia patients and can also be used as a diagnostic tool by the collective conduct, especially in regards to quantitative research.

쉴러미학에서 '자유'의 의미

기정희 신라대학교 예술연구소 1998 예술연구 Vol.3 No.-

초등학생의 우울사정도구로서의 나무검사(Baum test)의 활용가능성 탐색

기정희 한국미술치료학회 2016 美術治療硏究 Vol.23 No.6

본 연구는 초등학생의 우울정도에 따른 나무검사의 반응특성을 검토하여 우울사정도구로서의 나무검사의 활 용가능성을 알아보기 위한 것이다. 연구대상은 대구?경북 지역 초등학교 4~6학년생 358명(남 192, 여 166명)이 다. 연구도구는 CDI와 나무검사이다. 나무검사의 해석지표는 전체지표(7개)와 세부지표(8개)로 설정하였으며, 자 료분석은 교차분석과 판별분석을 실시하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 초등학생의 우울정도에 따라 통계 적으로 유의미한 차이가 있는 지표는 필압, 스트로크, 위치, 크기, 기저선, 풍경, 줄기(옹이), 줄기(잘림), 줄기(음 영), 뿌리이다. 전체지표의 경우, 비우울아동은 우울아동보다 필압의 강함과 보통, 스트로크에서 연속, 위치에서 중앙, 크기에서 적당, 기저선과 풍경에서 무의 비율이 높았다. 세부지표의 경우, 비우울아동이 우울아동보다 줄 기(옹이)와 줄기(잘림) 및 뿌리를 그리지 않는 비율이 높았던 반면, 줄기(음영)는 그리는 비율이 높았다. 그리고 이들 유의차가 있는 지표들에 대하여 판별분석을 실시한 결과는 필압, 나무의 크기, 기저선, 풍경, 줄기(옹이), 줄기(잘림)가 유의한 변인으로 나타났으며, 이들의 판별력은 88.8%으로 나타났다. 요컨대 본 연구에서는 나무검 사에서 필압, 크기, 기저선, 풍경, 줄기(옹이), 줄기(잘림)의 변인들을 활용하여 초등학생의 우울정도를 사정할 수 있음을 보여주었다. This paper addresses the possibility of using the Baum test as a depression assessment tool for elementary school students. Participants included 358(192 males, 166 females) elementary school students from grades four to six. Measurements included the CDI and the Baum test. This study established 15 interpretation criteria. Data analysis was performed using cross tabulation and discriminant analysis. The results indicated that six total indices and four detailed indices showed statistical significance. In the case of total indices, moderate to strong pencil pressure, continuous stroke, center-oriented location, appropriate tree size, the absence of baseline and landscape were more prevalent in the drawings by healthy children. In the case of detailed indices, trunk knots, severed trunks, the absence of shading and roots were more commonly observed in the drawings of depressed children. All other indices showed evidence of meaningful differences in cross tabulation were performed a discriminant analysis. The results of the analysis indicated 88.8% discriminatory power for the variables, and the Baum test characteristics of pencil pressure, tree size, landscape, trunk knots, and severed trunk were statistically significant variables. In conclusion, the Baum test appears to be an effective tool for assessing elementary school students' depression.

프랑스 미술아카데미의 회화론

기정희 서울대학교 예술문화연구소 2001 예술문화연구 Vol.11 No.-