보조호르몬요법을 받는 여성 유방암 환자의 모발 변화와 치료 실태에 대한 기초 연구

이재경 ( Jae Kyung Lee ),김창현 ( Chang-hyun Kim ),홍동균 ( Dongkyun Hong ),정경은 ( Kyung Eun Jung ),서영준 ( Young-joon Seo ),김창덕 ( Chang-deok Kim ),이진선 ( Jin Sun Lee ),권인선 ( In Sun Kwon ),박상현 ( Sanghyun Park ),이영 대한피부과학회 2021 대한피부과학회지 Vol.59 No.7

Background: Hormone therapy, which includes tamoxifen and aromatase inhibitors, is the most common adjuvant therapy used for breast cancer. However, only a few studies have reported endocrine therapy induced alopecia. Objective: We investigated the effects of long-term adjuvant hormone therapy on hair in patients with breast cancer, in addition to patients’ concerns and current treatment for hair loss. Methods: Patients completed a questionnaire that included information on self-perceived hair changes after each adjuvant therapy session, distress, and current treatment for hair loss. Using a folliscope, we measured hair density and thickness in each patient and in healthy controls. Results: The study included 93 patients with breast cancer (mean age 51.9±9.8 years). The density and hair thickness were 106.36±21.85 hairs/cm2 and 0.07±0.01 mm in the patient group and 147.86±30.67 hairs/cm2 and 0.07±0.01 mm in the control group (n=98, mean age 52.10±8.40 years), respectively. The mean hair density was significantly lower in the patient group than in the control group; however, no statistically significant intergroup difference was observed in hair thickness. Among 76 patients who perceived hair changes after adjuvant therapy, 71.1% (n=54) were distressed with regard to hair changes. However, only 7.8% of the patients, including two who were treated by dermatologists, currently received treatment for hair changes. Conclusion: Dermatologists should be familiar with hair changes in patients with breast cancer and provide appropriate education to encourage patients to consult dermatologists for hair loss and thinning after breast cancer treatment. (Korean J Dermatol 2021;59(7):521∼526)

균근균의 (菌根菌) 인공접종에 의한 소나무류의 생장촉진

구창덕,이경준,임경빈 ( Chang Duck Koo,Kyung Joon Lee,Kyong Bin Yim ) 한국산림과학회 1982 한국산림과학회지 Vol.55 No.1

Two ectomycorrhizal fungi, Pisolithus tinctorius and Thelephora terrestris, were introduced form U.S.A. and inoculated to five pine species in Korea to evaluate the reported growth stimulation of host plants after inoculation. These fungi were grown as mycelial inoculum in large quantity and ioculated to the fumigated nursery soil just before seed sowing. At the end of the first growing season. Pisolithus stimulated the height growth of Pinus densiflora. P. thunbergii. P. rigida, and P. rigida x teada by55, 36, 69, and 37%, respectively, compared with control seedlings with no fumigation and no inoculation. When the growth stimulation was expressed with dry weight, Pisolithus increased dry weight of P. densiflora and P. rigida x taeda by 143% and 128%, respectively,over control seedling. Thelephora failed to stimulate growth of inoculated plants. Pinus koraiensis did not respond to the inoculation during the first growing season. It is concluded that artificial inoculation of nursery pine trees with selected mycorrhizal fungi should be seriously considered to improve the quality of planting stocks and to stimulate early plant growth. The potential for use of Pisolithus in reforestation on adverse sited is also discussed

한국산과 미국산 모래밭버섯 균근균의 (菌根菌) 리기테다 소나무 파종균에 (播種苗) 대한 포자접종효과 비교

이경준,구창덕 ( Kyung Joon Lee,Chang Duck Koo ) 한국산림과학회 1984 한국산림과학회지 Vol.65 No.1

Pinus rigida × P. taeda seedlings in a nursery was inoculated with basidiospores of Pisolithus tinctorius (Pt) either collected from Suweon, Korea or introduced from U.S.A. to compare the effectiveness of the spores from two different origins as mycorrhizal inocula. Nursery beds were fumigated with methyl bromide and lg of spores was used to inoculate 1㎡ of soil surface just before seed sowing. Seedlings inoculated with American Pt (#250 strain from Georgia, U.S.A.) were 15% taller than Korean Pt at the end of the first growing season. The seedlings from fumigation treatment only (no inoculation involved) was slightly taller (statistically unsignificant) than those with Korean Pt, but slightly smaller than those with American Pt. In a subsequent year experiment, the seedlings inoculated with American and Korean Pt after soil fumigation were 66% and 60% taller, respectively, than seedlings infected by natural fungi without soil fumigation, suggesting the dual effects of Pt and fumigation on the seedling growth. Therefore potential of Pt spores for an effective inoculum exists and selection of Pt strains which have adapted to specific local environments is needed to develop better sources of mycorrhizal inocula.

한국의 목본식물의 (木本植物) 외생 및 내생균근에 (內生菌根) 관한 분류학적 분포 조사

이경준,구창덕 ( Kyung Joon Lee,Chang Duck Koo ) 한국산림과학회 1983 한국산림과학회지 Vol.59 No.1

Taxonomic distribution of ecto- and endomycorrhizae among woody species growing in Korea was studied and their distribution was compared with foreign literature, Most of root samples were collected from Central Branch Station of forest Research Institute in Gwangneung, Gyonggido. A total of 32 families, 63 genera, 102 species were examined. Ectomycorrhizae were observed in the following 13 general of Pinaceae (Pinus Larix, Picea, Abies), Salicaceae (Populus, salix), Betulace (Alnus, Betula, Carpinus, Corpylus), Fagaceae(Quercus, Casianea), and Tiliaceae (Tilia), Endomycorrhizae (vesicular-arbuscular) were observed in Populus and the rest of the 49 genera. Rhus was the only genus which did not have either ecto- or endomycorrhizae, while foreign literature listed following genera haveing both mycorrhizal types: Juniperus, Cupres년, Populus, Salix, Juglans, Alnus, Ulmus, Malus, Pyrus, and Tilia. Juniperus, Ulmus, Pyrus, and Acer which were reported to have facultative ectomycorrhizae were freem of ectomycorrhizae, Some morphological characteristics of endomycorrhizae are shown in photogrphs and discussed.

수원부근 리기다 소나무임분에서 채취한 네가지 미기록 담자균류

이경준,구창덕,김양섭 ( Kyung Joon Lee,Chang Duck Koo,Yang Sup Kim ) 한국균학회 1982 韓國菌學會誌 Vol.10 No.3

모래밭버섯 균근균의 (菌根菌) 인공접종에 의한 포플러 삽목묘의 (揷木苗) 생장촉진 및 활착률 증진

이경준,구창덕 ( Kyung Joon Lee,Chang Duck Koo ) 한국산림과학회 1985 한국산림과학회지 Vol.70 No.1

Populus alba × P. glandulosa cuttings in nursery bed were inoculated with mycelium of ectomycorrhizal fungus, Pisolithus tinctorius (Pt) to evaluate effectiveness of the fungus in growth stimulation of poplar. Pt was cultured in 11 glass bottles with vermiculite-peatmoss mixture moistened with modified Melin-Norkrans` solution. The nursery bed was arranged for microplots of 1 × 2m in size and fumigated with methyl bromide before inoculation and cutting placement. Fifty cuttings were placed in each microplot and two treatments (fumigation only and fumigation plus Pt inoculation) were replicated three times. At the end of the first growing season, inoculated plants grew 19% faster in height and produced 49% more dry weight (above-ground portion) than uninoculated plants. Survival rate of inoculated cuttings was also improved by 20% over that of uninoculated cuttings. Inoculated cuttings developed abundant fine root system with golden brown zigzag tips. In the middle of September a sporocarp of Pt was produced from an inoculated plot, suggesting successful establishment of mycorrhiza between poplar and Pt fungus.

한국의 목본식물의 (木本植物) 외생균근에 (外生菌根) 관한 조사

이경준,구창덕,심상영 ( Kyung Joon Lee,Chang Duck Koo,Sang Yung Shim ) 한국산림과학회 1981 한국산림과학회지 Vol.52 No.1

Occurrence of ectomycorrhizae in the selected woody plants growing in Korea was surveyed and compared with that reported in the literature. Ectomycorrhizae were common features in Pinaceae, Salicaceae, Betulaceae, Fagaceae, Ulmaceae, and Tiliaceae, which agreed with literature. We were unable to find ectomycorrhizae in Cupressaceae, Juglans. Rosaceae, and Acer which were reported to have facultative ectomycorrhizae. Other species observed did not have ectomycorrhizae.

Immunohistochemical Study of O-GlcNAcylation in Human Skin Tumors

Young Lee(이영),Dong Kyun Hong(홍동균),Dae Kyoung Choi(최대경),Seul Ki Lim(임슬기),Kyung Cheol Sohn(손경철),Myung Im(임명),Young Joon Seo(서영준),Young Ho Lee(이영호),Jeung Hoon Lee(이증훈),Chang Deok Kim(김창덕) 대한체질인류학회 2014 해부·생물인류학 (Anat Biol Anthropol) Vol.27 No.2

단백질 전사 후 변형 (posttranslational modification)은 단백질 기능을 조절하는 기전의 하나로, 당화(gycosylation), 아세틸화 (acetylation), 메틸화 (methylation) 등을 포함한다. O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (OGlcNAc)에 의한 단백질 전사 후 변형은 많은 세포 반응에 관여하는 조절 기전으로 최근 연구가 많이 진행되고 있다. 특히, O-GlcNAc에 의한 단백질 전사 후 변형(O-GlcNAcylation)은 유방암, 폐암 및 대장암 등과 같은 암질환의 발병에 관여함이 보고되었다. 그러나 이러한 O-GlcNAcylation이 피부종양에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 잘 밝혀져 있지 않다. 본 연구에서는 다양한 피부종양을 대상으로 하여 O-GlcNAcylation이 어떻게 일어나는지 면역조직화학을 통해 살펴보았다. 그 결과, 양성종양에 비해 암전구증 및 악성종양에서 전체적으로 O-GlcNAcylation이 증가해 있었다. 또한 O-GlcNAcylation을 담당하는 효소인 O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) 및 O-GlcNAc을 제거하는 효소인 O-GlcNAcase (OGA) 발현 또한 양성종양에 비해 암전구증 및 악성종양에서 증가해 있었다. 이러한 연구 결과는 O-GlcNAcylation이 여러 피부종양의 발병에 관여함을 시사한다. O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine modification is an important post-translational modification, emerging as a novel regulatory mechanism in various cellular events. Recently, several studies have shown that O-GlcNAcylation plays an essential role in human breast, lung, and colon cancers. With regard to skin cancers, the role of O-GlcNAcylation has yet to be elucidated. To investigate whether O-GlcNAcylation is linked to human skin tumor development, immunohistochemical analysis was performed to investigate the presence of OGlcNAcylation in various skin tumors. We evaluated the levels of O-GlcNAcylation, O-GlcNAc transferase, and O-GlcNAcase in 29 benign tumors, 12 premalignant tumors, and 26 malignant tumors in skin. Compared to the benign tumors, premalignant and malignant tumors had increased patterns of O-GlcNAcylation. In addition, the O-GlcNAc transferase and O-GlcNAcase levels were higher in premalignant and malignant tumors than in benign tumors. Interestingly, O-GlcNAcase levels were significantly increased in premalignant tumors compared to benign and malignant tumors. These results suggest that O-GlcNAcylation of proteins may play an important role in the development of human skin tumors.

Expression of Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin in Calcium-Induced Keratinocyte Differentiation

Jeung Hoon Lee,Kyung Chae Kye,서은영,Kyungmoon Lee,Sang Keun Lee,Jong Soon Lim,Young Joon Seo,김창덕,Jang Kyu Park 대한의학회 2008 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.23 No.2

In a previous search for the differentially expressed genes in keratinocyte differentiation, we identified neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) as a calcium- induced gene. In this study, we further verified the expression of NGAL in cultured keratinocytes as well as in several skin diseases. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), Western blot, and ELISA clearly showed that NGAL expression was markedly increased in calcium-induced keratinocyte differentiation in vitro. However, in our previous report, NGAL expression was not detected in normal skin tissue except for hair follicle by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry, indicating the difference of cell status between in vitro and in vitro conditions. Interestingly, NGAL expression was highly increased in psoriasis-like inflammatory disorders (lichen planus and pityriasis rubura pilaris) and skin cancers (keratoacanthoma and squamous cell carcinoma), implying that NGAL may be related with the epidermal hyperplasia. Collectively, these results reveal the potential importance of NGAL in the maintenance of skin homeostasis.

균근연구의 (菌根硏究) 농림업에의 응용

이경준,이돈구,이원규,구창덕 ( Kyung Joon Lee,Don Koo Lee,Won Kyu Lee,Chang Duck Koo ) 한국산림과학회 1983 한국산림과학회지 Vol.59 No.1

Recently mycorrhizal research has been one of the most fast-growing research areas in modern plant science and microbiology. The application potential of mycorrhizal techniques to agriculture and forestry is enormous in view o1` the ubiquitous nature of mycorrhizae and known benefits of mycorrhizae to host plants. Unfortunately, very few scientists in Korea are currently involved in mycorrhizal research. When a team of American plant pathologists visited Korea in September 1982 to participate in the Korea-U.S.A. Joint Seminar on Forest Diseases and Insect Pests, they were surprised by the principal author`s statement that there was no single research project on mycorrhizae sponsored by Korean government or any scientific institutions. The author initiated a few years ago a research project on the ecology of tree mycorrhizae with a foreign financial support. Major areas of interest were survey of ectomycorrhizae in relation to soil fertility, taxonomic distribution of mycorrhizae among woody plants, identification of ectomycorrhizal fungi, and growth response of woody plants to artificial inoculation. In spite of the enormous application potential of mycorrhizae to agronomic plants, the subject of mycorrhizae has not been recognized by Korean agronomists, foresters or pathologists. The purpose of this review rather written in Korean is to introduce the techniques of mycorrhizal research to Korean scientists and to urge them to participate in challenging new scientific field which might bring us a remarkable increase in crop productivity and tree growth through manipulation of this unique symbiosis. In this review, following topics were discussed in the same order: introduction; brief history of mycorrhizal research; .morphology and classification of mycorthizae; distribution of mycorrhizae in plant kingdom and in soil profile; physiology of mycorrhizae (functions, mineral nutrition, mycorrhizal formation): interaction of mycorrhizae with soil-born plant pathogens mycorrhizae in nitrogen-fixing plants ; application of mycorrhizal techniques to nursery practices (isolation, culture, inoculation, and response); prospect in the future.