문화 교수와 담화 교육

강현화(Hyoun Hwa Kang) 국제한국어교육문화재단 2017 국제한국어교육 Vol.3 No.1

The purpose of this paper is to clarify that cultural teaching in language education is rather essential than additional element to be connected with language teaching. In the field of language education, cultural teaching often put a focus on the characteristics of culture itself, which is separate from language. Although the teaching of these culture-independent items is also important, considering the educational field where language learning is the main focus, it is more important to pay attention to the cultural characteristics revealed in the language and to educate them. First, this study proposes cultural teaching items according to proficiency through analysis of Korean textbooks and Korean cultural books. Since culture is difficult to set difficulty level, a basic content presentation type (matrix type) is suggested rather than a liner type approach. These are based on the importance of the culture itself, which can be treated as the native language of learners, not the target language, Korean. Next, this study emphasizes the necessity of language education connected with culture, and presents the cases of discourse markers and grammar teaching to specify them. This study suggests that discourse markers are insufficient only by lexical approach, and they should be taught with a focus on function of discourse in consideration of context and environment of discourse. In addition, it is emphasized that the grammar teaching should not only be carried out about the syntactic constraints of grammatical items, but also should be related to the utterance intention of the speaker in discourse levels and the context in which communication takes place. This study wants to show that the context is based on Korean culture.

연구 논문 : 외국인 학습자의 문화 요구조사 -문화교재 개발을 위해-

강현화 ( Hyoun Hwa Kang ) 연세대학교 한국어학당 2006 외국어로서의 한국어교육 Vol.31 No.-

한국어 표현문형 담화기능과의 상관성 분석 연구 -지시적 화행을 중심으로-

강현화 ( Hyoun Hwa Kang ) 이중언어학회 2007 이중언어학 Vol.34 No.-

한국어 종결표현의 화행 기능과 한국어 모어 화자의 인식에 관한 연구

강현화(Kang, Hyoun Hwa),홍혜란(Hong, Hye Ran) 한국외국어교육학회 2010 Foreign languages education Vol.17 No.2

This study attempts to investigate the relationship between the pragmatic functions of Korean sentence-ending expressions and Korean speakers’ actual use of language based on their intuition and corpus analysis. For this purpose, this study analyzed the correlation between the sentence-ending expressions and the corpus, and compared the results with a survey of native speakers’ intuition. The results can be summarized in three respects. First, a variety of pragmatic functions were observed in a single expression in the language use patterns and the cognition of Korean native-speakers. Second, one to multiple relations were observed in a variety of sentence-ending expressions with a specific pragmatic function. Third, the Korean speakers’ choice of sentence- expressions were influenced by given situations. This means that Korean native speakers who are cognizant of pragmatic functions selectively use sentence expressions, leading to the correlation between sentence expressions and pragmatic functions. Lastly, some differences were found in responses about pragmatic functions such as ‘imperatives’, ‘recommendations’, and ‘request’ depending on the profession or age.

"-을걸"의 특성과 후회표현의 양상

강현화 ( Hyoun Hwa Kang ) 이중언어학회 2008 이중언어학 Vol.38 No.-

단어 형성 원리를 활용한 한국어 어휘 교재 개발 연구

강현화 ( Kang Hyounhwa ),홍혜란 ( Hong Hyeran ),유소영 ( Yoo Soyoung ),김정현 ( Kim Junghyun ) 연세대학교 언어연구교육원 한국어학당 2019 외국어로서의 한국어교육 Vol.54 No.-

The aims of this study are to discuss issues related to a practical design of teaching-learning materials based on the principle of word formation and its application. First, the issues on selecting types of word units used for Korean word formation for the syllabus design were reviewed. And then 271 units used for word formation and the list of more than 6,000 vocabulary were selected based on the study of Kang(2014). As a next step issues were discussed about what should be considered for presenting the selected words and vocabulary effectively. Also, actual cases which applied aforementioned considerations to their textbook developments were reviewed. Based on this consideration, 271 units were categorized into groups of 10 by their meanings. The textbook model was designed considering types, meanings, and usages of the units for word formation, and consisted of three steps: Presentation - Practice - Production. (Yonsei University)

국내 한국어교육기관 교재 어휘 분석 연구1 -양적 분석을 중심으로-

강현화 ( Hyoun Hwa Kang ) 연세대학교 언어연구교육원 한국어학당 2014 외국어로서의 한국어교육 Vol.41 No.-

The purpose of this study is to conduct vocabulary analysis of 66 Korean textbooks used in major Korean language institutes. Since the number of Korean learners with instrumental motivation has been increased significantly, it becomes a very important issue to evaluate their Korean proficiency levels measured through the official assessment of Korean Proficiency Test (TOPIK). Language teaching is subject to certain target learners, and it is necessary to proceed with study on them considering utilization of research results. Especially vocabulary teaching should have focused more on certain target learners not only connecting with learners` needs but also with course topics and communicative functions. In terms of curriculum management and evaluation, it is critical to select vocabulary based on proficiency levels using systematic methods and procedures. In particular, the study of vocabulary selection considering proficiency levels is an essential part of language teaching and learning for the development of Korean Language materials and official proficiency tests. Therefore, this study attempts to analyze vocabulary in Korean textbooks to provide basic data for selection of adequate vocabulary for each of beginner, intermediate and advanced level of learners. A curriculum should be targeted to specific learners. Thus the target of this study is limited to learners with 200 hour-long classes per each level. The length of each level complies with time usually demanded in the standard of each level in TOPIK and general language institutes of Korea. The current study analyzed Korean textbooks from level I to VI as a full set of data published by five different Korean language institutes in 2014.

한국어교육 자료의 어종별 복합어의 특성 연구

강현화 ( Hyounhwa Kang ) 한국문법교육학회 2016 문법 교육 Vol.26 No.-

The purpose of this study is to analyze usage patterns of the complex words in the Korean educational materials according to the types of the words such as pure Korean words, Sino-Korean words and loanwords. This study also attempts to investigate word-formation units(affix in case of derivative words and the types of roots in caes of compound words) comprising complex words and to identify the word=formation units with high productivity. This study finds several facts based on the analysis as follows. First, the number of vocabulary according to the types of words becomes larger in order of Sino-Korean words, pure Korean words, hybrid words and loanwords, with the number of Sino-Korean words almost doubling pure Korean words. The loanwords and hybrid words also account for a substantial portion of vocabulary population. Second, derivative words account for a particulary higher proportion of suffix derivatives than the compound words in terms of the complex words. Third, in terms of the part of speech distribution of complex words according to types of words, nouns account for the largest proportion in each type of words. However, the proportion of verbs and adjectives varies across the types of words. Verbs and adjectives show the proportion of 1,074/1 and 389/14 respectively and Sino-Korean words come in the form of pure Korean words and hybrid words(116 verbs and 420 adjectives) rather than simple words. Fourth, this study presents the range and frequency over the Korean educational materials by only examining the top 50 individual complex words according to the types of words. The overall frequency of pure Korean words is higher than Sino-Korean words, which indicates that pure Korean words and complex words account for a large proportion of high frequency words. Since this study is analyzed with real data of Korean education field, the results of this study can be used as basic data that are applied in Korean education materials compilation and teaching.

한국어학습자를 위한 『한국어기초사전』 구축 방안 연구

강현화(Kang, Hyoun-Hwa),원미진(Won, Mijin) 한국사전학회 2012 한국사전학 Vol.- No.20

This paper explores the compiling method of the Korean Basic Dictionary and the controversial issues on the process of selecting the main entries and providing definitions and examples. The number of main entries is around 50 thousand words, which covers the need for advanced vocabulary for Korean language learners. Nevertheless, in order to finish the selection procedure of the entries, additional lists considering the macro structure of the dictionary should also be included. First, the special words such as proper nouns, postpositional words, and the conjugational parts of verbs, need an appropriate selection method. Second, additional selection of derivate words or related words of main entries is still under process and will continue to be until this dictionary has been fully compiled. In defining words, two issues that must be addressed are controling the vocabulary levels and avoiding translation misunderstandings because the basic purpose of this dictionary is to offer the model of multi-lingual translation. Finally, providing useful examples is the most important issue. Thus, the examples have been revised based on the validity of grammatical, semantical, and pragmatical function. The final result of this process ultimately needs to verified by Korean language learners through real time use of this dictionary.

일반논문 : 다문화 영역 한국어교육 연구 경향 분석

강현화 ( Hyoun Hwa Kang ) 연세대학교 언어정보연구원(구 연세대학교 언어정보개발원) 2015 언어사실과 관점 Vol.35 No.-

The purpose of this paper is to assess the accomplishments of current language education and to explore the direction in future study based on inductive analysis of previous research. This study also attempts to investigate current state of policy support as well as theoretical achievements through analyzing related materials and policy research. Multi-cultural Korean education shows vividly the current situation that on-site demand creates policy which in turn brings about hasty educational process followed by related research. Despite these problems, there were several meaningful studies that shed a light on new direction in Korean education. First, the Korean language programs with a focus on individuals and small groups have been developed departing from intensive Korean programs initiated by language institutions. Second, there have been accumulations of research using qualitative methodology academic research beyond theoretical and quantitative researches. Third, there has been an expansion of research area in terms of contents in that the areas relatively unnoticed such as discourse, human rights connection, identity and attitudes are included beyond pronunciation, vocabulary and grammar. Fourth, there has been an increase in numbers of studies linking theory with field. While research volumes on teaching and policy theory are still dominant over research on contents, there have been efforts to actively address the problems in the field in light of policy assessment research.