유도 업어치기의 3차원 역학적 특성 분석

강충식 한국운동역학회 2001 한국운동역학회지 Vol.11 No.1

The purpose of this study was to analyze the biomechanical traits of individual favorite and major technique(Tokuinage), performing as competition situation Seoi-nage (back-carry throw) with the 3-dimensional analysis. The subject, Korean national judoka who was a judo gold medalist in the -65㎏ weight category in the '95 Hukuoka Universiad was filmed on 16mm high speed cameras(50f./s. from the front, side and top view). The force plate of AMTI Co. was used to measure the MRF. Subject performed 5 sucessful trials in each of the 2 uke (defender) conditions : human-no resistance (R-0%), human-max.resistance (R-max.100%). MRF at the events were obtained from the ground reaction forces analysis. The kinematic and kinetic Variables[ joint angles, CM-to-CM angle, vertical component(fz), horizontal component(Fx,Fy),and greatest MRF ] were computed through film and force plate analysis. From the data analysis and discussion, the following conclusions were drawn: 1. Kinematic Variables : 1) The anke joint angles of Kuzushi(the breaking of the opponent′s balance) was 109∼105 degrees, Tsukufi(the preparation before throwing the opponent) was 96∼91degrees, 1st and 2nd stage of Kake(throwing the opponent) was 80∼81degrees. 2) Knee joint angles at the 1st and 2nd stage in Kake phase(KP) was 64 and 58 degrees in R-0% level, and 37 and 39 degrees in R-max. 100% level respectively. 3) Trunk joint angles at the 1st and 2nd stage in Kake phase(KP) was 113 and 96 degrees in 0% level, and 76 and 69 degrees in R-max. 100% level respectively. 4) CM-to-CM angles at the 1st and 2nd stage in KAKE phase(KP) was -7 and -5 degrees in 0? level, and -1 and -7 degrees in R-max.100% level respectively. 2. Kinetic Variables : 1) The vertical component(Fz) of the maximum mat reaction forces (MMRF) were 1502.3N(2.16BW) in Seoinage, horizontal component(Fx : 144.5N, 0.21BW) medial-lateral direction, Fy(310.82N,0.45BW) anterior-posterior direction by R-0%, respectively. 2) The Fz of the MMRF were 1684.2N(2.42BW) in Seoinage, Fx(153.67N, 0.22BW), Fy(227.27N,0.33BW) by R-max.100%, restectively. 3) The elapesd time(ET) of MMRF during performing in judo Seoinage from supporting platform of force plate were 0.11sec., 0.16sec., respectively. 4) The greatest MRF during performing in judo Seinage at events was drawn in KaKe 2nd stage(maximum force points).

韓國 合氣道의 護身術 修鍊方法에 관한 內容分析

강충식,진성우 公州大學校스포츠科學硏究所 2000 스포츠科學硏究所論文集 Vol.- No.14

1.Objective of Research Today almost every martial arts declares that it can provide the self defense, good health and strong mind. However, no martial art discipline has developed an effective and coherent training method. Rather martial arts associations and their leaders have developed more techniques according to various situations. This confuses martial arts trainees even more and makes self defense responses more difficult for trainees. The researcher's intention is to get recognition of excellence of Korea Hapkido with the firm belief that self defense training can be best achieved by simplicity of training basic techniques which has a great appliable capabilities. Therefore the objective of this study is to compare martial arts trainees(Sample Group) with non trainees(Comparative Group) for their respective situational response capabilities after one year training period and will conclude the excellence of Korean Hapkido and propose the new training regime which can be used at many associations. 2. Research Method 1) Sample Population Sample group of this study is 10 students of ages 18 to 25 from 10 HEUK CHOO KWAN member gymnasiums. The sample is also limited to students who have been training more than one year(1st or 2nd degree Black Belt.) 2) Research Method This study comparatively analyze sample group who have studied self defense techniques and comparative group who have not respect to situational response techniques. Measuring was made four times for basic techniques and eight times for applied techniques. Video recording was utilized to increase the reliability of findings. The standard of situational response capability was a defender had to make an attacker lose coordination and fall on the ground to be considered a successful defense. Also situations are broken into basic situations and applied situations. A basic situation is defined as defenses against four consecutive attacks of each kinds of attack and an applied situation is defined as eight consecutive attacks by two attackers. 3) Data processing To verify the differences in situational response techniques between sample groups, Average(M) and Standard Deviation(SD) were measured for each sample groups. The t-verification at a = .05 was also utilized. 3. Conclusion This study has reached the following conclusion after comparatively analyzing a student group which trained with traditional training method and the other student group which trained with self defense training method. Both student groups has trained more than one year prior to this study and another one year under observation for this study. 1) Differences in success rate of situational response capabilities was such thay the group which studied self defense training method showed hiher scores from O.2 to 2.0. 2) In cases of defense of fist attack and mixed self defenses, t-verification showed some statistical significance which were 3.461 for hand grab, 3.536 for defense of fist attack, 2.53 for mixed self defenses and 3.578 for applied self defenses. 3) Self defense training method showed higher situational response capability with attacks with more moves and variables. 4. Proposal The researcher would like to propose the following. 1) In selecting samples, sample group was selected only from best trainees from each gymnasium. However, the study of wider spectrum of students is needed. 2) The defense of weapons attack needs to be measured. 3) The study according to gender and age group in needed to find the effectiveness of self defense training method. 4) Leadership training is essential to promote more organized training regime.

체육수업의 교수행동과 실제학습시간에 관한 연구

강충식,이상희 公州大學校스포츠科學硏究所 2000 스포츠科學硏究所論文集 Vol.- No.14

The purpose of this study is to increase Academic Learning Time - Physical Education(ALT-PE) by analyzing the relationship between the teaching behavior and the learning behavior in middle school physical education classes. The results of this study by recording the 11 randomly sellected teachers' physical education classes with VTR in Inchon City are abstracted as follows. First, in teaching behaviors, teachers allocated class time in the order of Monitoring, Management, Lecturing or Orientation, Teacher Participation, Corrective skill feedback. In a correlation with Academic Learning Time - Physical Education(ALT-PE), Hustle, Positive skill feedback, Corrective skill feedback, Teacher Participation variables have positive correlation. However, Lecturing or Orientation, Neglect, Questioning show negative correlation. Second, Academic Learning Time - Physical Education(ALT-PE) at middle schools in Incheon City turns out to be a low 22.62 percent by analyzing students' behavior phenomenon. This figure is much lower than that of Seoul, Kyunggi, Chungbuk area(37.89 percent by Kim Tae-hyung) and Chungnam area(29.44 percent by Lee Soon-ok). It means that decreasing the time of Monitoring, Management and Lecturing or Orientation makes the time of corrective skill feedback which showed positive correlation with Academic Learning Time - Physical Education(ALT-PE) increase. In conclusion, teachers should utilize more efficient physical education teaching methods by developing various future-oriented teaching patterns to over come routine monotonous classes. To achieve this goal, teachers should analyze their own classes, use teaching aid materials, implement adequate teaching skills ; methods of drawing more students' attention efficiency in class management and roll-calling, rapidness in arranging implements, simple and clear directions. In addition to, we have many problems to solve: insufficient implements, too many students in class with wating, moveing and non-activity time to be reduced, and so on. Naturally, to increase Academic Learning Time - Physical Education(ALT-PE), it is neccessary that problems above mentioned will be solved.

水泳 基本動作의 力學的 分析

姜忠植 공주대학교 사범대학 과학교육연구소 1971 과학교육연구 Vol.4 No.1

A man a lot of defect in swimming on account of a physical structure and a kind of habit. While a man is walking through the air, he receives the air resitance to some extent because of the little density of air; but on the other hand, owing to the fact that the density of water is higher than that of air, it is the most important thing to dwindle the water resistance in the direction of swimming. As the water is a resisting material giving the power for the motion of swimmer, he must put up the great resistance of water to the opposite direction of the swimmers forwarding direction. In order to become an expert, a beginner must know the method of an excellent technique and understand the knowledge on dynamical and elementary principles of techinque. And then, these principles are physical laws controlling over the physical activity in the water. I will show the important physical laws as follows; 1. The swimmer has to move in order to deep the larga area in the opposite direction of advancing as possible as. 2. By following the swimmers forwarding direction, moving are must be become small. 3. The motion of the swimmer's advancing direction is getting slow and the motion of opposite direction is getting fast. 4. The swimmer must utilize the momentum and the floating power to the utmost.

충남체육진흥의 과제와 전망

강충식 忠南大學校體育科學硏究所 1993 體育科學硏究誌 Vol.11 No.1

For the development purpose of chungnam sports ; 1. The extention lowest stratum of sports population from a remote cauuse of the enlarge theboundaries of player as to revitalize physical education in school and mass sports. 2. The sports organs have to an investment facilities of sports and bringing up priority sports in district, city. 3. The sports relative organs have to raise the morale of leaders. 4. We must bringing up and active of an adis association for players. 5. We have to establish absence teams and bringing up a large number of medal sports. Therefore, Chungnam sports will be development all of things.

태권도 선수들의 체급별 공격횟수와 득점력에 관한 연구 : 고등학교 남·여 선수들을 중심으로 centered on the male and female athletes of senior high school

강충식,손인덕 公州大學校스포츠科學硏究所 2001 스포츠科學硏究所論文集 Vol.- No.15

The purpose of this study is, through searching the number of attacks and the rate of successes according to the weight divisions of male and female athletes, to analyze and drive the elements that may effect on the results of competition. The objects of study are as follows: the 48 games from highschool 24 male and 24 female semifinals and finals during the 13th Teakwondo tournament sponsored by the President of Kyung-hee Univ. The 48 games from highschool 24 male and 24 female semifinals and finals during the 12th Teakwondo tournament sponsored by the minister of the Culture & Tour Ministery. The total 192 athletes participated in the above two competitions and 96 games were held. The analytical results of the whole games are as follows: First, it was shown that in the frequency of balchagi the total attack number of 96 men and 96 women is 3914, 4032, respectively and the average per capita is 40.77, 42, respectively. Men's balchagi are dolryeo chagi, naraechagi, dwitchagi, and their frequencies are 28.47, 4.77, and 3.50, respectively. Women's balchagis are also dolyeochagi, naraechagi, dwitchagi, and their frequencies are 31.58, 3.85, 3.21, respectively. Women tried more dolyeochagi than men, while men tried more naraechagi and dwitchagi than women did. Second, it was shown that in the number of attack and score according to each weight division women tried more naraechagi and dwitchagi than women did. Women scored total 367 points, which are 33 points more than the 334 points scored by men. As for men's weight divisions, these are featherweight, flyweight, pinweight, welterweight. Their points are 50, 47, 44 and 44, respectively. As for the women's weight divisions, these are welterweight, featherweight, lightwelterweight, and their points are 53, 52, and 49, respectively. Third, so far as the contents of male and female athletes' games are concerned, they didn't interest the audience at all; containment attacks were almost followed by connected balchagi. Furthmore, athletes defended the opponents' attacks monotonously by naraechagi and balchagi. Male athletes marked lower attacking abilities and scoring rates because of excessive diversional movement than female athletes did (scoring rate: female 9.10%, male 8.53%). Fourth, as for the contents of male and female winners or losers, winners marked 4085 times, and losers 3978 in attack abilites. The winners' balchagi success rate were as follows: they are dwihurigi(44.44%), naeryeochagi(20.63%), naraechagi(15.75%), dwitchagi(9.86%), dolryeochagi(9.56%) in the order, which were superior to losers, while losers are superior to winners only in dolgaechagi(16.66%). Fifth, according to the contents of weight division's games, there were no great differences in each weight division between game management and balchagi . Each weight division depended on upper attacks: male focused on prompt reaction, endurance, and power, while female focused on technic balchagi by using flexibility. In containment attacks, heavyweight class athletes played less but tried more balchagi than lightweight class athletes. Male athletes marked more balchagi than female athletes in frequency and scoring.

아쿠아틱 운동이 스트레스 해소에 미치는 영향

강충식,김충신 公州大學校스포츠科學硏究所 2001 스포츠科學硏究所論文集 Vol.- No.15

This research is to prove that Aquatics helps to relieve stress and gives positive influences to physical and mental health of modern people. We distinguished the people who is related to Aquatics from the one who is not, so as to carry out this research in Taejeon metro city. We dealed with 49 participants who are working out with Aquatics, 50 non participants who aren't at all. We had the method used at mental and have the people answer with self administration. The way to analysis, making use of the program of SPSS(version 10.0) for supervising the general peculiarity between the participating class of Aquatics, applied the descriptive statistic. and also to analysis the differences of the stress about the participating and non participating class of Aquatics, measuring the one-way ANOVA from the 0.05 regardness level, the analysis result is as follows. 1) The result shows that the participants for aquatics gets less stress than the non participants. 2) Both parties under stress, the non participants for Aquatics has more serious problem from the stress. 3) Futhermore the participants for Aquatics relieve their stress easily by work out with Aquatics. Therefore it definitely proves that the participating Aquatics plays an important role to relieve stress in mental health.

사이클 선수의 상해에 관한 조사연구

강충식,전창석 公州大學校스포츠科學硏究所 2001 스포츠科學硏究所論文集 Vol.- No.15

It is thought that appropriate precautionary measures for injuries of cyclists need urgently, therefore I surveyed by the use of questionnaire for cyclists who took part in the 82th korean national athletic meeting to know the frequency of the past, the kind and the place of injuries between high school players and adult players, track players and road players. Through this survey my conclusion and suggestion which are known are follows. 1. Conclusion 1) A primary cause of injury is an irresistible force. because a part of injury is exposed mainly a knee, an elbow, and a shoulder etc.. so a cycling leader needs a special concern about safety. 2) It is thought that a cycling leader must train their athletes in terms of time and a traning, period because most injury takes place both in the afternoon and in summer. 3) A cycling leader needs a previous preparation about first aid because the treatment and the cure of injuries are generally used as a simple temporary means during training. 2. suggestion 1) Cyclist served as subjects who took part in the 82th korean national athletic meeting. However it is recommended all of athletes (middle.high,college and amateur players) would be tested to discuss injuries, their kinds and causes im terms of group and age. 2) Cycling leaders will have to check the expected injuries in terms of the part, the place and the cause of injuries etc..

WTO法의 形成과 展望

姜忠植 법무부 국제법무정책과 1997 통상법률 Vol.- No.14

스포츠교육모형이 고등학생의 정의적 영역에 미치는 영향

강충식,김상진 公州大學校스포츠科學硏究所 2001 스포츠科學硏究所論文集 Vol.- No.15

This study was conducted to examine the sports educational model's influences on high school students' righteous region after selecting basketball unit that is one of the physical education course's game parts in high school and teaching with sports educational model. And this study aimed at understanding the sports educational model, complementing and improving physical education class. The object of study was 60 boy students from two classes of first grader at Y-high school located in the South Chung Cheong Province. I separated them into an experimental and comparative group. The central educational council's handbook of measuring instruments for righteous feature (Ahn, Chang Nam, 1984) was a primary examining instrument. And I also used the righteous region's examining instrument revised and complemented based on the examining instrument which Park, Mi Young and Kim, Do Soo used. Preliminary examination had been conducted before the experiment was done. Sports educational model was applied to the experiment group and general educational model was done to the comparative group for 6 weeks with 12 times of experiments. And using SPSS for Windows after post examination processed the data, We came to get following results after processing and analyzing the data collected through preliminary and post examination. According to the results, they prove that sports educational model influences on high school students' righteous region in a positive way. 1) In basic attitude out of righteous region, the experimental group showed higher scores than the comparative group. It showed statistically significant differences according to t-verification.In case we observe subordinate parts of basic attitude, the following are listed with the importance order of which showed significant differences except the prospect of the physical education course. A degree of active participation in the class, interest in physical education class, students-focused class, preference for physical education class, validity of life, aids obtained from the course of physical education, a degree of fulfillment for the course of physical education, the importance of the course of physical education. 2) In psychiatric feature out of righteous region, the experimental group showed higher scores than the comparative group. It showed statistically significant difference according to t-verification.In case we observe subordinate parts of psychiatric feature, satisfaction, confidence and spontaneity except a sense of alienation and a feeling of uneasiness showed significant differences. 3) In social feature out of righteous region, the experimental group showed higher scores than the comparative group. It showed statistically significant differences according to t-verification. In case we observe subordinate parts of social feature, an inclination of cooperation, altruism and responsibility except a law-abiding spirit, an inclination of offense, a propensity of rivalry showed significant differences.