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한웅전 한국화학공학회 1976 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.14 No.4
生物學的 廢水處理工法中 短點을 補完하여 더 나은 工法의 改善方法을 硏究하였다. 本工法은 沈澱池 및 슬럿지濃縮施設을 除去할 수 있었으며, 最大固形物附着容量을 토대로 流出水의 水質을 예측할 수 있었다. 또한 木工法은 小規模의 工場廢水나 都市廢水를 處理하는데 가장 적합한 工法이 되리라고 생각된다. The Removable Screen Media Activated Sludge (RESMAS) process is proposed to be used for the biological treatment of waste water. This process can eliminate the settling tank and concentration facilities for the waste sludge. Also the effluent quality can be predicted by the concept of the Maximum Solid Holding Capacity. This process is considered to be most suitable for the handling waste waters from small industries and municipal sewage.
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회전형 반고정망 활성슬럿지 공법의 수학적 해석에 관한 연구 2. 슬럿지 생산량 및 축적과정과 유출수의 수질에 대하여
한웅전,한영호,HAN Ung-Jun,HAN Yeong-Ho 한국수산과학회 1979 한국수산과학회지 Vol.12 No.3
대체로 활성슬럿지 공법에서 가장 큰 문제점은 처리후의 미생물의 분리, 슬럿지 반송, 잉여슬럿지의 소화이다. 반면에 생물학적 고정막을 이용한 RBC, 실수여과상, 고정층활성 슬럿지 공법들은 이와같은 문제가 해소된다. 최근 침전시설 및 농축조를 설치할 필요가 없느 반고정망 활성슬럿지 공법이 개발되었다. 이 공법은 최종 처분할 슬럿지량도 감소되며, 유출수의 수질도 양호하고 최대축척용량으로 유출수의 수질은 추정할 수 있으나, 반응조가 동적인 수리학적 양상의 결여 되어있었다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 반응조가 좀더 동적 수리학적 양상이 되도록 설계하여 운전하였으며 그 운전결과는 다음과 같다. REMSMAS 공법은 침전시설 및 농축시설없이도 양호한 유출수를 얻을 수 있었으며 슬럿지 부착능력도 RESMAS 공법이나 FAST 공법 보다 크게 나타났으며 최대축척용량에 도달되는 한계운전기일은 대략 유기물부하량에 비례하였다. One of the major problems in tile activated sludge system has been difficulty in separating the microbial solids from the treated effluent and in returning them to the aeration tank. Another problem has been the digestion of the excess activated sludge. In constrast, it has not been difficult to separate the microbial solids from the treated effluent from the biological fixed-film systems(RBC process, Trickling Filter, FAST process). These systems have also featured less sludge production. Recently, it was proposed to experiment with the RESMAS process in order to eliminate the settling tank and sludge concentration facilities and to reduce the quantity of excess sludge for final disposal. The effluent quality could be predicted by .the concept of the maximum accumulation capacity. However, the hydraulic characteristics of the screen media in the RESMAS reactor were not dynamic. The object of the present study is to evalute the sludge accumulation rate and effluent quality prediction in the REMSMAS process designed in the dynamic hydraulic structure. This process can eliminate the final sedimentation tank and sludge concentration tank needed in the RBC, CMAS, Trickling Filter and FAST processes. Also, the effluent quality is desirable to compare with other processes. It appeared that the value of the sludge holding capacity was higher than those of the RESMAS and FAST processes, and the periods of the critical operating time were proportional to the substrate hydraulic loadings.
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회전형 반고정망 활성슬럿지 공법의 수학적 해법에 관한 연구 1. 유기물 제거속도에 대하여
한웅전,한영호,HAN Ung-Jun,HAN Yeong-Ho 한국수산과학회 1979 한국수산과학회지 Vol.12 No.3
생물학적 고정막(biological fixed-film)을 이용한 REMSMAS공법이 개발되었다. REMSMAS 공법에서 유기물질 제거속도에 관한 수학적 model는 CMAS공법과는 많은 차이점이 있었으며, 유기물질 제거속도에 대한 동력학적 해석은 screen media에 부착된 활성미생물과 부유상태의 미생물에 근거를 두어 해석하였다. 단일폭기 CMAS공법은 steady-strate에 도달된 후 연속적으로 공칭체류시간이 4.5, 6, 9.5 및 12시간으로 운전되었고 REMSMAS 공법은 공칭체류시간이 6시간 및 12시간으로 운전되었으며 운전초기는 nonsteady-state상태였다. 또한 시수는 원액을 약 18배 희석하여 COD값이 950mg/l, BOD값이 450mg/l 되도록 하였다. 부유상태의 미생물에 근거를 둔 설계인자들은 단일폭기 CMAS공법 의하여 구하여 졌으며 이 값들은 REMSMAS공법의 유기물 제거속도에 대한 동력학적 상수를 구하는 이용되었다. 단일폭기 CMAS공법에서 얻어진 $Y_2,\;K_d,(\mu_{max})_s\;and\;K_s$ 및 $K_s$값은 각각 0.78, 0.27/hr, 1.1/hr, 95mg/l였다. REMSMAS공법에서 단위표면적당 유기물 부하량상수 값은 $9.1mg/cm^2-day$였고 포화상수(Kg)값은 평균 53.5mg/l였다. REMSMAS공법은 steady-state 운전될 때는 유기물 제거율은 단일폭기 CMAS법 보다 높게 나타났으나 한계운전 기일에 도달됨에 따라 감소 한다. It is preented the removable moving screen media-activated sludge (REMSMAS) process by using the biological fixed-film systems. The substrate removal kinetic difference between the aeration-only completed mixing activated sludge (CMAS) process and REMSMAS process were observed. The substrate removal kinetics were developed based on the attached and suspended microbial growths. The units of the aeration-only CMAS process were continously operated with the normal detention time of 4.5, 6, 9.5 and 12 flours studies after steady-state condition and the operating of the REMSMAS units conducted with the normal detention time of 6 and 12 hours studies in nonsteady-state condition. The feed solution was diluted 18 times to the raw starch wastewater in of order to maintain the proper COD (950mg/l) and BOD (450mg/l) concentration. Design parameters related to the suspended microbial growths were caculated by the equations used in the aeration-only CMAS model and these parameters used to evalute the kinetic constants in the REMSMAS process. The kinetic constant values of $Y_2,\;K_d,(\mu_{max})_s\;and\;K_s$ from Monod equations were respectively 0.78, 0.027/hr, 1.1/hr and 95mg/l in the aeration-only CMAS process. The value of the aera capacity (F) appeared to be $9.1\;mg/cm^2-day$ and the mean value of the saturation constant $(K_g)$ appeared to be 53.5 mg/l in the REMSMAs process. Also, the substrate removal .ate of the REMSMAS process was higher than that of the normal activated sludge process when this system was operated in steady-state condition. However, the rate was reduced as the critical operating day was approached.
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尿에 依한 完全混合 및 接觸安定 活性슬러지 工法의 比較 硏究
韓雄傳,朴東根,林哉明 釜山水産大學校 1982 釜山水産大學 硏究報告 Vol.22 No.1
Nightsoil as a major water pollution in Korea has been treated by the municipal nightsoil treatment plants. It necessary to segregate feces and urine from nightsoil collected in a privy for reducing the organic loading and making easy treatment of nightsoil in future. However, little studies have been provided for the evaluation of the kinetic coefficients when the only urine is treated. This study was, therefore, design to compare the complete mixing activated sludge (CMAS) process with the contact stabilization activated sludge (CSAS) process by the kinetic coefficients and the organics removal characteristics. Two processes were operated at continuous bench scale units by using urine as the substrate. In addition, aeration only CMAS process was operated to investigate the transition of nitrogen compounds in urine. The results obtained were as follows; 1. Kinetic coefficients of two processes CMAS CSAS Yield coefficient(Y) 0.53 0.44 Endogenous respiration coefficient(??), ???? 0.005 0.020 Saturation constant (Ks), ???? 86 86 Max. substrate utilization rate (R), ???? 1.22 1.22 2. ICOD to MLVSS were 1.48, 1.75 and 1.55 at aeration tank, contact tank and stabilization tank, respectively. 3. BOD and COD removal efficiencies were 90.5% and 45.6% at CMAS process and thoe were 87.5% and 54.4% at CSAS sprocess. 4. The amount of wasted sludge to removed BOD by two processes of CMAS and CSAS were 0.51 and 0.35. 5. Effluent water qualities of CMAS process were superior to those of CSAS process at the same influent BOD loadings. 6. MOST TKN in urine were released into the air and a little was transformed to microorganism, NO₂-N ,and NO₃-N. 7. When aeration time was 5 hours or more, the pH of the aeration tank was constant.
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韓雄傳,朴淸吉 釜山水産大學校 1980 釜山水産大學 硏究報告 Vol.20 No.2
Effects of chloride on the biological treatment process of wastewater containing seawater was studied. The dextrose-synthesized wastewater and the synthesized waste-waters containing different chloride concentrations of 2,760, 8,460 and 16,690 ppm, which were adjusted by adding seawater to the dextrose-synthesized wastewater, were treated, respectively, by the aeration-only complete mixing activated sludge(CMAS) process to evaluate the chloride effects on the values of the kinetic constants, organic substrate removal rate and the effluent quality. The fish-processing wastewater whose T-BOD and chloride concentration were 1,551 and 4,450㎎/ℓrespectively was also treated by the complete mixing activated sludge process with return sludge to estimate the kinetic constant values, organic substrate removal rate and effluent quality. The units of the aeration-only CMAS process were operated with the hydraulic detention time variations of from 0.133 to 0.58 day while that of CMAS process with return sludge was operated with the hydraulic detention time variations of from 0.18 to 9.42 day and cell residence time variations of from 1.10 to 2.5 day. The kinetic constant values of k, Y, ??, for the synthesized wastewater were estimated to be ??, 0.69 and ?? respectively. These values were not changed by the increases in chloride concentration in the synthesized wastewater. However, the Ks value only varied from 83.3 to 139.5㎎/ℓas the chloride concentrations in the wastewater increased. The kinetic constant values of Ks, k, Y and ?? for the fish-processing wastewater were found to be 257㎎/ℓ, ??, 0.54 and ??, respectively. And the oxygen requirement per biomass for endogeneous respiration(b´) were estimated to be 0.25 and ?? respectively. The value of BOD coefficient(Kb) in the waste-water containing seawater were 0.72, which is slightly lower than that of the synthesized wastewater. It was suggested that design parameters for treating the high chloride ion-containing wastewater be evaluated based on the MLVSS rather than MLSS from the fact that the ratio of MLVSS and MLVSS and MLSS was only 0.49. In treating the fish-processing wastewater by CMAS process with MLVSS concentration of 4,000 ㎎/ℓ, it was found that the hydraulic detention time and cell residence time should be greater than 6.2 hours and 1.5 days to meet the effluent quality, respectively.
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