『譯語類解』 右音 ‘ㅗ’의 音價에 대한 再考

이춘영(Lee, Chun-Young)(李春永) 대한중국학회 2019 중국학 Vol.68 No.-

The Korean pronunciation of diphthongs is relatively less developed than the Chinese pronunciation. When Koreans use Korean to mark Chinese pronunciation, there are many restrictions, and therefore, when using transliterations from other countries to analyse Chinese phonetic changes, we must fully analyse and understand the phonetic systems of those other countries. In this way the transliterations can be fully analysed. This paper analyses the range of right side pronunciations for ‘ㅗ’ in the Yeogeoyuhae, based on Chinese phonetic changes. The mark of frequent occurrence of transliteration ‘-ㅗ’ in the Chinese conversation book of the Joseon dynasty. Those who are familiar with the Korean language system will see ‘-ㅗ’ as a single vowel ‘-o’, however, in this paper, according to the results of our analysis, we use it as the tag object of right side pronunciation ‘ㅗ’ in the Yeogeoyuhae, which used both ‘-?(-o)’ and also ‘-uo(-u?)’ in transliteration. Based on our results, the pronunciation of the phonetic changes in ‘郭’·‘所’, made before the 17thcentury,isthenanalysed. If there is no understanding of the objects and contents of the transliteration system used in the Chinese conversational book of the Joseon dynasty, errors and misunderstandings will occur when analysing the Chinese phonetics. More careful research and analysis should be undertaken in terms of adopting a cautious approach to the transliteration system. 조선시대 중국어 학습서에는 당시 중국 어휘의 발음을 諺文으로 표기하고 있다. 그러나 한국어 어음체계에 익숙한 한국인은 중국어 발음을 한국어로 표기함에 모국어의 영향을 받아 일정한 인지한계와 표기제한이 발생하게 된다. 중국 漢語의 어음변천내용을 고찰함에 중요한 근거로 활용되는 한국의 對音자료는 표음체계에 대한 충분한 분석과 이해가 전제되어야 정확한 자료의 가치가 제고된다. 본 논문에서는 『譯語類解』 右音에 나타나는 ‘ㅗ’의 표기대상을 漢語 어음변천 자료를 토대로 분석한다. 이를 통해 조선시대 중국어 학습서의 표기법에 대한 신중한 접근과 표기내용에 대한 再考의 필요성을 확인한다.

韓國朝鮮時代刻本異體字探微——以《鶴峰集》爲例

樓澤園(LOU ZEYUAN),李春永(LEE CHUN YOUNG) 동아인문학회 2022 동아인문학 Vol.58 No.-

In the Joseon Dynasty, printing technology made great progress. Korean literati and officials were keen on writing books, and their written works were compiled and printed by themselves or their disciples and descendants. The Korean Literary Collections in Classical Chinese (한국 문집 총간), compiled by the Institute of Classical Translation of Korea, is a collection of anthologies written by many writers of the Joseon Dynasty. In the middle and late Period of Korea, a large number of Korean literary anthologies began to emerge, in which there are a large number of variant characters worth studying. In particular, these different characters can show the characteristics of foreign spread and local change of Chinese characters in the Joseon Dynasty. In this paper, the representative anthology Hakbongjip is selected as the research object. After determining the definition of heteromorphic characters in this paper as “characters with identical and interchangeable meanings that can all be used in the same word”, Select the “遡”, “飜”, “摠”, “脣”, “椀”, “覩”, “筭”, “鰌”, “ ”, “窻”, “?”, “?”, “㗳”, “疎”, “?” a total of 15 words.According to Wang Ning"s theory of Chinese character structure classification, and according to the heterogeneous characters and heteronyms of the large classification, and then detailed classification. Based on the research materials of Korean ancient variant characters and Chinese dictionaries and phonology books, this paper explores the similarities and differences between variant characters and common characters. Combined with other literary anthologies in the middle and late Period of the Joseon Dynasty, this paper investigates the use of the anthologies in the official and civilian editions of the Joseon Dynasty. The official inscription takes the characters in The Annals of the Joseon Dynasty as the standard, and the folk inscription takes the characters in other literary anthology of the middle and late Joseon dynasty as the comparison object, so as to make a comparison of the variant characters in Hakbongjip. Through research, the heteromorphic characters of Hakbongjip have three characteristics: quaint, unique and popular.

《说文解字》刀部刑罚相关汉字考察

왕위한(Wang, Yu-Han)(王钰,涵),이춘영(Lee, Chun-Young)(李春永) 대한중국학회 2021 중국학 Vol.74 No.-

刑罚是统治阶级惩戒罪犯、警醒世人的重要手段。据中国历史文献记载,夏朝已经具备一套成体系的刑罚制度。肉刑的行刑过程离不开各类刀具的使用,因此中国古代的刑罚与“刀”有着密不可分的关系。《说文解字》包含大量和刑罚有关的汉字,这些汉字对于明确古代刑罚种类和内容、探究古代文化生活有着重要的意义和价值。《说文解字》刀部字涉及刑罚的汉字共有8个字。其中“㓷”、“劓”代表“劓刑”,“刖”代表“剕刑”,“ ”、“刭”和“刎”则是“大辟”的一种。“刵”作为割耳刑罚,与意义相近的“聝”、“取”等字联系紧密。“㓷”和“劓”作为割鼻刑罚仅在汉代以前使用广泛。“刖”表示割腿刑罚,古代又有“剕”、“跀”等字表示相同意义,同时又与意义相近的“膑”有所差别。“ ”、“刭”和“刎”三字均表示砍头的刑罚。“罚”则表示对情节较轻犯罪行为的处罚,与表示对严重犯罪行为予以惩戒的“刑”字共同构成汉语中的“刑罚”一词。 Punishment is an important method for the ruling class to discipline criminals and alert people. According to historical records, a systematic punishment system was already existent during the Xia Dynasty. The “Ancient Five Punishments” recorded in Book of Documents occupies an important position in ancient Chinese punishments. Because they were all corporal punishment and the execution methods were extremely cruel so they were abolished in the Han Dynasty. The execution process of corporal punishment depends on the use of various knives. Therefore, punishment in ancient China is closely related to the “knife”. Shuo Wen Jie Zi contains a large number of Chinese characters related to punishment, and they are closely related to the “Ancient Five Punishments”. “刵(Er)”, as an ear-cutting penalty, can be traced back to the Zhou Dynasty or even earlier, and has similar meaning with the words “聝(Guo)” and “取(Qu)”. “㓷(Yi)” and “劓(Yi)” are variants of each other, and they were widely used as a penalty for cutting the nose only before the Han Dynasty. “刖(Yue)” means the punishment of cutting the legs, which has same meaning with the words “剕(Fei)” and “跀(Yue)”, but it was different from the word of “膑(Bin)” though they have similar meaning. The three characters “ (Xing)”, “刭(Jing)” and “刎(Wen)” can be explained by each other, and they all refer to the punishment of beheading. “罚(Fa)” means punishment for minor crimes. This word and the word of “刑(Xing)” meaning the punishment for serious crimes constitute the phrase of “刑罚(Xingfa)” in Chinese.

探析商周奴隶关联古文字的造字理据与文化意蕴

루택원(Lou, Ze-Yuan)(楼,泽,园,),이춘영(Lee, Chun-Young)(李春永) 대한중국학회 2021 중국학 Vol.75 No.-

奴隶的人身、权利与生产生活资料属于奴隶主,是奴隶主的私有财产,从事生产与劳动,其生杀予夺之权尽归于奴隶主。奴隶在中国商周时期的社会记录中占据重要的篇幅,在当时主要的书写载体——甲骨中刻写了很多关于奴隶的字。通过观察这些字的字形可以了解其造意及其蕴含的文化含义。本文选取的尾、隶、奚、仆羌五个字,从其甲骨或金文字形的构造出发,通过商周时期奴隶的异族着装特征、奴隶的外族属性、奴隶的捕获方法与途径、奴隶的刑罚以及古时特有的奴隶的人牲人祭的角度分析了其各自所含有的文化意蕴。在本文的分析中,“尾”由原始部落图腾崇拜演变为代表奴隶身份重要的服装特征;“隶”蕴含着奴隶制度下奴隶不堪重压不断逃亡的反抗史;“奚”与商周时期异族奴隶迥异于华夏民族的辫发习俗有关;透过“仆”的构造可以窥见商周奴隶遭受的刑罚;“羌”字则最为鲜明地表现了奴隶制度的血腥和奴隶无法拥有自主人权的本质特征。 China was a slave society in the Shang and Zhou Dynasties. There are many words about slaves in the existing oracle bone inscriptions.By observing the form of these characters, we can understand their meanings and the cultural meanings contained in them. This paper selects five characters: wei, li, xi, pu and qiang,and analyzes the structure of its oracle bone inscriptions or bronze inscriptions.This paper analyzes the cultural implication of the slaves in the Shang and Zhou dynasties from the characteristics of the slaves foreign clothing, the characteristics of the slaves foreign nationality, the methods and ways of the slaves‘ capture, the punishment of the slaves and the unique human sacrifice of the slaves. In the analysis of this paper, “Wei” has evolved from the totem worship of primitive tribes to an important costume feature representing the identity of slaves. “Li” contains the history of the slave‘s resistance to escape under the pressure of slavery. “Xi” is related to the custom of braiding hair of slaves of different nationalities in Shang and Zhou dynasties. Through the structure of “Xi”, we can see the punishment of slaves in Shang and Zhou Dynasties. “Qiang” is the most obvious expression of the bloody slavery system and slaves can not have the essential characteristics of human rights.