韓·中 合作投資 企業의 成功要因에 관한 硏究

조한식(曺漢植) 동아대학교 경영문제연구소 1997 經營論叢 Vol.18 No.-

多國籍企業의 海外子會社 統制行動에 관한 硏究 : 國際마아케팅 意思決定權限의 配分問題를 中心으로

曺漢植 東亞大學校 經營問題硏究所 1986 經營論叢 Vol.9 No.-

In international marketing control, there is a choice between centralized or decentralized organizational structure that affects distribution of power. However, it is the most idealistic developmental pattern to practice indirect control rather than direct control with multinationlized progress by organizational development and improved level. In decision making of international marketing, autonomy of the foreign subsidiary is very high. The reason for this factor is that all the decision making process of international marketing has to be made according to the condition of the host country. However, multinationalized enterprises have decreased autonomy in subsidiary company. Furthermore, headquarter's control has shown to be stronger in matter that are related to products. In decision making of budget, in international marketing, the degree of headquarter's control has been very high due to it's easiness to control budget than business operation. In international marketing control, there are several difficult problems that include variety of international market, inability to regulate, incorrect data, philosophy of management, and consumer's difference in their preference. In order to overcome these obstacles, it is suggested to standardize operations of international marketing, control of foreign subsidiary by goal management. These hindering factors should be overcome by standardization of international marketing operation. Especially, when the situation of the host country is different, the foreign subsidiary's operation can be secured sufficiently by standardization of program process to promote program instead of international marketing program standardization. Control of foreign subsidiary by goal management is the plan of goal and business evaluation by participation. Foreign subsidiary can improve degree of standardization and effectiveness of administration through self control.

輸出클레임의 實態와 解決方案 : 釜山地域 신발輸出을 中心으로

曺漢植,吳元奭 東亞大學校 經營問題硏究所 1985 經營論叢 Vol.8 No.-

The purpose of this study is to survey the realities of the claims caused by exporting shoes in Busan, to analyze their problems, and to suggest the solutions in the long term point of view. For this study, first we selected forty-eight exporting companies among fifty-five in Busan, and surveyed in order to understand the actual conditions and the problems through the questionaires. The main contents of questions are the existances of claims, the contents of claims, the ways of solving and so on, with special reference to the sales contracts in which both parties specify the express terms such as quality, quantity, payment, insurance, inspection, claims and arbitration, and Incoterms(1980) as a governing law. One hundred and fifty claims for shoes against forty-four exporting companies were filed during twenty-two months from January, 2983 to October , 1984 But the remained four companies got the complaints or the protests from the buyers. Seventy claims among them, which are of 47%, were filed from the U.S, twenty-two from Japan, thirty-two from the E. C, so total eighty-three percents are of three regional areas; the U.S, Japan, and the E.C. In the survey regarding the causes of claims, the quality related claims were eighty which were 53% of total claims, the quantity claim sixteen, the shipment claims eight, and the L/C related claims ten. The Agreement of General Terms and Conditions of Business is a contract which stipulates general and common terms of sale, and becomes the basis of each offer. When we make this agreement, especially we should be careful about the following terms: quality term, price term, payment term, quantity term, packing term, shipment term, and trade term. Other important counter-measures suggested in our survey and studied as follows: 1. Enhancement of recognition for sales contract. 2. Special training program for sales contract. 3. Study of legal aspects of sale. 4. Revision of export inspection system. 5. Efficient operation of commercial arbitration.

韓國의 海外資源開發輸入 現況과 促進方案

曺漢植 東亞大學校 經營問題硏究所 1982 經營論叢 Vol.5 No.-

國際競爭力 評價方法에 관한 小考

曺漢植 東亞大學校 經營問題硏究所 1980 經營論叢 Vol.3 No.-

國際合作投資의 成功要因에 관한 硏究

曺漢植 東亞大學校 1996 東亞論叢 Vol.33 No.-

International Joint Ventures have been formed extensively all over the world in recent in the past day, almost all the foreign direct investment method in which they had perfect control to joint ventures, in which they had to share the control with their partner. But, recently according to the change of host countries attitudes, wholly owned subsidiaries gradually began to be restricted and how Joint Venture is considered as an effective method of firms. Namely, Joint Venture is available for conquesting these risks of film. With its rapid economic development, Korean economy has provided a vast market opportunity to many foreign enterprises. Therefore, to invest in Korea with this form of direct investment. But International Joint Ventures have high failure rates. In these circumstances, it is very important to find out success factors of International Joint Ventures which especially made in Korea. In spite of above statement , a few studied on key factors leading to success and failure of Joint Venture have been conducted in the foreign of International Joint Ventures in Korea can be divided into two major parts in its process. One is to test Korea's relevance to existing success factors that have been approved empirically in previous studies. The other is to test a new success factor that has not been approved empirically buy could be considered to be true just conceptually. The major implications of the finding are as follow : (1) It is very important for managers to find out their partner who can make up for their defects. (2) Each partner should strive for allocating his efforts to International Joint Ventures more. (3) It is found that type of ownership has nothing to do with success of Joint Venture in case of our country. (4) The result of the study depicts that the manager of Joint Venture and government have to give attend successful decision of bargaining power, government control, and type of Joint Venture that are Venture's successful factors.

청소년을 위한 방송환경 개선방안 연구

조한식 경상대학교 경영행정대학원 1998 最高管理者課程論文集 Vol.14 No.-

多國籍企業의 換危險管理方案에 관한 硏究

曺漢植 동아대학교 부설 사회과학연구소 1984 사회과학논집 Vol.2 No.-

Foreign exchange risks are exposed to all international exchange rate systems which are based on the floating exchange rates. These exposures are much more important as every business expands itself into a multinational corporation and its international transaction increases in number and size. The exchange risk is, in essence, the opportunity profits and costs of a firm, and it is necessary to manage it systematically in advance to minimize its effects. For this, we should first precisely forecast the exposure on the basis of the fluctuating exchange rates. Next, we should understand the various ways such as transaction exposure, translation exposure and economic exposure to forecast and avoid risks. The positive exchange risk management strategy compared to the protective exchange risk management strategy in the past would not only minimize the exchange risk but also, at times, affects the exchange gains. So, we should cover selectively in case of good prospects by taking account of its costs and benefits when managing the exchange risks. The foreign exchange risk management technics of a multinational enterprise can be divided into internal management technics and external ones. But a large protion of such technics is closely related to the liquidity management of the enterprise. So, a system which adjusts and coordinates such information is needed to make most of the exchange exposure reports. Attention should be given to borrowing foreign currencies after having considered their interests and costs, and also the legal barriers in international transactions and foreign exchange control systems of each country. Thus, firms should continuously study and examine the exchange risk management technics in the course of the changes made in the international financial markets and manage the exchange risks in the appropriate Korean manner.

일반논문 : W. H. Auden의 『바다와 거울』에 나타난 사랑과 용서

조한식 ( Han Sik Cho ) 백석대학교 기독교인문학연구소(구 기독교철학연구소) 2009 기독교철학연구 Vol.11 No.-

Auden showed the religious features of arts in The Sea and The Mirror. This poem was harmonized contents with forms of arts. It shows that the human being cannot go back to himself because of being bewitched by arts. Auden used various subject matters in this poem. In "Preface" the arts used by the stage manager are magics. He tried to seek the value of arts in magics. In the chapter 2 supporting actors were out of magic circle but remained aesthetic existence. In the chapter 3 Caliban looked upon arts as the mirror reflecting the sea of life. Ariel represented arts was the shadow of Caliban symbolizing the real life. The Auden`s quest to the limitations of arts were defined in the dualistic structure. The good and hopeful Gonzalo contrasted with unregenerate rapacious desperate Antonio and Sebastian. The brutal Caliban contrasted with humanistic Ariel. The conspiracy of Trinculo contrasted with conscious Prospero. The art cannot change human being because it gives mysterious experiences to human but cannot use the experiences. Alonso is ready to welcome to death, but rejoice the new love. Prospero emphasize the forgiveness in the chapter 1 in this poem. The theme of forgiveness explicit in chapter 2. In chapter 3 Prospero says that it is important to forgive and forget past sins. Auden suggested love, mercy, forgiveness and reconciliation in the dualistic structure in this poem.

부산지역 벤처기업의 해외직접투자 결정요인에 관한 연구

조한식(Han-Sik Cho) 한국항만경제학회 2005 韓國港灣經濟學會誌 Vol.21 No.2

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the determinants of foreign direct investment of venture firms in the Busan area. Based on the sample of 327 ventures, proposed hypotheses are tested using logistic regression analysis.<br/> Major findings of this study are as follows. First, the firms with larger size, manager's work experience, venture capital firm's investment showed more propensity to FDI.<br/> Second, venture firms that belong to industries where there are rapid changes in technology and lower degree of competition showed more propensity to FDI.<br/> Third, it was found that business network strategy promotes venture's internationalization by FDI.<br/> Finally, it was also found that the management with higher risk-taking preferences are the factors that increase FDI intensity. These results suggest that venture firms should utilize the internationalization strategy to keep their growth continuously.