CMOS 공정을 이용한 온도 센서 회로의 설계

최진호,Choi, Jin-Ho 한국정보통신학회 2009 한국정보통신학회논문지 Vol.13 No.6

본 논문에서는 온도 센서 및 온도 측정을 위한 제어회로를 설계하였다. 설계된 회로는 기존의 방법들과는 달리 일반적인 CMOS(Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) 공정에서 추가 공정없이 제작 가능하도록 설계하였으며, 온도는 디지털 값으로 출력 되도록 구성하였다. 설계되어진 회로는 5volts 공급전압을 사용하였으며, 0.5${\mu}m$ CMOS 공정을 사용하였다. 온도 측정을 위한 회로는 PWM(Pulse Width Modulation) 제어회로, VCO(Voltage controlled oscillator), 카운터 그리고 레지스터로 구성되어 있다. PWM 제어회로의 동작 주파수는 23kHz 이며, VCO의 동작 주파수는 416kHz, 1MHz, 2MHz를 사용하였다. 회로의 동작은 SPICE(Simulation Program with Integrated Circuit Emphasis)를 사용하여 확인 하였다. In this work, temperature sensor and control circuit for measuring temperature are proposed. The proposed circuit can be fabricated without additional CMOS fabrication process and the output of proposed circuit is digital value. The supply voltage is 5volts and the circuit is designed by using 0.5${\mu}m$ CMOS process. The circuit for measuring temperature consists of PWM control circuit, VCO, counter and register. consisted The frequency of PWM control circuit is 23kHz and the frequency of VCO is 416kHz, 1MHz and 2MHz, respectively. The circuit operation is analyzed by using SPICE.

치과용 임플랜트에서 지대주 나사의 길이 및 반복 조임 횟수가 지대주 나사의 풀림에 미치는 영향

최진호,양재호,조원표,이재봉,Choi Jin-Ho,Yang Jae-Ho,Cho Won-Pyo,Lee Jai-Bong 대한치과보철학회 2006 대한치과보철학회지 Vol.44 No.4

Statement of problem: One of common problems associated with dental implant is the loosening of abutment screws that retain the implants. Purpose : This study was performed to investigate the influence of abutment screw length and repeated tightening on screw loosening in dental implant. Material and method: Forty nine Hexplants (13mm length, 4.3mm diameter, Ti grade IV, Warantec. Co. Ltd. Seongnam, Korea) and cementation type abutments(straight abutment) and abutment screws (0.4mm/pitch) were divided into 7 groups, depending on abutment screw length. Each implant and abutment was tightened to 30Ncm by torque controller(MGT50, MARK-10 Inc., USA) and the removal torque values were measured during 10 consecutive closure/opening trials. Results and Conclusion: The results of comparing the removal torque value are as follows : 1. There is no significant difference in the removal torque value between groups in 10 consecutive closure/opening trials (p = 0.97). 2. If the fractured abutment screw is engaged in longer than 2.425 thread length, there is no significant difference in the preload between the fractured abutment screw and the new abutment screw when both are equally tightened to 30 Ncm. 3. The removal torque value in the 1st trial(24.510 Ncm) was lower than that in the 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th trials and the removal torque value in the 2nd trials(25.551 Ncm) was maximum and was decreased in 1311owing trials. The removal torque value in the 1st trial was significantly lower than that in the 2nd, 3rd, 4th trials and was significantly higher than that in the 8th, 9th, l0th trials(p<0.05). 4. In the 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th trials, the abutment screw was mainly influenced by settling effect and the higher preload was obtained In the 8th, 9th, l0th trials, the abutment screw was mainly influenced by adhesive wear and the progressively lower preload was obtained.

손상 없이 영구 접착 보철물을 제거할 수 있는 cementation type 임플랜트 지대주 개발에 관한 연구

최진호,이재봉,Choi Jin-Ho,Lee Jai-Bong 대한치과보철학회 2004 대한치과보철학회지 Vol.42 No.5

Purpose: This study was peformed to investigate the retrievability of the cemented crown from the cementation type implant abutment. Material and method: The cementation type implant abutments (NEOBIOTECH implant abutment regular, 3 degree taper, 10mm length, 4mm diameter, Ti grade III, machined surface. Hwasung, Kyunggi-do) and cemented crowns were divided into 3 groups, depending on their hole angles formed in the crowns for their retrievability. The abutments and crowns were luted with 4 kinds of cements and separation test using metal wedge was executed with Instron 4465 Universal Testing Machine and the maximum impact force of the modified crown ejector was measured. Results and conclusion : 1. All of the cementation type implant abutments and cemented crowns were separated with relatively small force by metal wedge. 2. The retrieving force was minimum when the metal wedge was applied perpendicular to the axis of abutment. 3. The force for retrieving crowns from abutments was maximum in resin cement group, and reduced in orders of zinc phosphate cement, glass ionomer cement and zinc oxide eugenol cement. 4. The maximum force obtained by the crown ejector was higher than the retrieval force in ZOE and GI cement and lower than that in ZPC and resin cement. 5. If it has similar conditions clinically, the cemented crowns luted with 2 types of cements (ZOE, GI cement) can be safely retrieved from the cementation type implant abutments by the modified crown ejector.

MOSFET의 특성변화에 따른RF 전력증폭기의 신뢰성 특성 분석

최진호,Choi, Jin-Ho 한국정보통신학회 2007 한국정보통신학회논문지 Vol.11 No.1

MOSFET 트랜지스터의 전기적인 특성 변화에 따른 Class-E RF 전력 증폭기의 신뢰성 특성을 분석하였다. Class-E 전력 증폭기에서 MOSFET는 높은 효율을 얻기 위해 스위치로 동작하며, 이로 인해 MOSFET가 off 되었을 때 드레인 단자에 높은 전압 신호가 발생한다. 회로가 동작함에 따라 높은 전압의 스트레스로 인하여 MOSFET의 문턱 전압은 증가하고 전자의 이동도는 감소하여 MOSFET의 드레인 전류는 감소하게 된다. Class-E 전력 증폭기에서 MOSFET의 전류가 감소하면 전력 효율 및 출력 전력은 감소하게 된다. 그러나 class-E 전력증폭기에서 작은 부하 인덕터를 사용할 경우 큰 인덕터를 사용하는 경우에 비 해 신뢰성 특성을 향상시킬 수 있다. 1mH의 부하 인덕터를 사용한 경우 $10^{7}$초 후에 드레인 전류는 46.3%가 감소하였으며, 전력 효율은 58%에서 36%로 감소하였다. 그러나 1nH의 부하 인덕터를 사용한 경우 드레인 전류는 8.89%, 전력 효율 59%에서 55%로 감소하여 우수한 신뢰성 특성을 보여주었다. The reliability characteristics of class-E RF power amplifier are studied, based on the degradation of MOSFET electrical characteristics. The class-E power amplifier operates as a switch mode operation to achieve high efficiency. This operation leads to high voltage stress when MOSFET switch is turned-off. The increase in threshold voltage and decrease in nobility caused by high voltage stress leads to a drop in the drain current. In the class-E power amplifier the effects caused by the degradation of MOSFET drain current is a drop of the power efficiency and output power. But the small inductor in the class-E load network allows the reliability to be improved. After $10^{7}\;sec$. the drain current decreases 46.3% and the PAE(Power Added Efficiency) decreases from 58% to 36% when the load inductor is 1mH. But when the load inductor is 1nH the drain current decreases 8.89% and the PAE decreases from 59% to 55%.

계란의 내용물과 난각의 특성에 관한 연구

최진호,강원준,백동훈,박홍석 ( Jin Ho Choi,Won Joon Kang,Dong Hoon Baik,Hong Suk Park ) 한국축산학회 1983 한국축산학회지 Vol.25 No.6

A total of 999 eggs, randomly collected from a flock of 2,000 hens of White Shaver strain that had been in production for seven months was tested to investigate interrelationships between egg weight and weight of each fraction of egg and between egg weight and shell quality. Egg weight, weights of yolk, albumen and shell, specific gravity of egg and sheaf thickness were measured for each egg. Percentages of fraction weights out of egg weight were calculated and designated respectively as % yolk, % albumen and % shell. Correlations were also investigated among four parameters involved in shell quality. Following results were obtained. 1. Mean (±SD) weight of total eggs tested was 58.72±4.80 g. and mean weights of fractions were 17.08 g. for the yolk, 35.22 g. for the albumen and 5.21 g. for the shell which were equivalent to approximately 30, 60 and 9% respectively of egg weight. 2. Correlation coefficients of egg weight were 0.89 with albumen weight, 0.54 with yolk weight and 0.53 with shell weight, indicating that variation in egg weight was mainly due to variation in albumen weight and egg weight was less influenced by yolk and shell weights. 3. As egg weight decreased weights of all three fractions also decreased. However, the pace of changing was much greater in albumen weight than in yolk weight, resulting in that % yolk increased as egg weight decreased. 4. There were found positive correlations between egg weight and both shell thickness and egg specific gravity, indicating that as egg size decreased shell quality decreased. 5. High correlation coefficients were observed between any pair of four parameters of shell quality measured, which were shell weight, % shell, shell thickness and egg specific gravity.

댄스스포츠 선수들을 통한 자기관리, 파트너십, 참여만족의 관계

최진호(Choi, Jin-Ho),박채희(HoㆍPark, Chae-Hee) 한국웰니스학회 2015 한국웰니스학회지 Vol.10 No.3

이 연구는 댄스스포츠 선수의 자기관리, 파트너십, 참여만족 사이의 상호작용을 조사하는 데 목적이 있다. 대한댄스스포츠경기연맹에 등록된 244명 선수들을 연구대상으로 하였으며, Amos를 이용하여 제안된 연구모형을 위해 구조방정식과 브트스트랩핑을분석하였다. 종합적인 결론으로, 댄스스포츠 선수의 몸관리, 대인관리, 훈련관리는 선수 간의 파트너십에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤다. 선수의 참여만족에는 몸관리, 대인관리, 훈련관리 모두 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 선수 간의 파트너십은 댄스스포츠참여만족에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로, 선수 간의 파트너십은 선수의 몸관리, 대인관리, 훈련관리와 참여만족 사이에서 완전매개의 역할을 하였다. The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of self-management and partnership on satisfaction of participating. Data were collected from 274 dancesport players registered in Korean Federation of Dancesport(KFD). Structural equation modeling indicated that while physical management, training management, and interpersonal management of self-management had a positive effect on partnership, all they didn't have an impact on satisfaction of participating. Furthermore, partnership positively affected satisfaction of participating. All estimated paths for the indirect effect were statistically significant, while the estimates of the direct effect from physical management, training management, and interpersonal management to satisfaction of participating were not significant. Therefore, potentially, partnership fully mediated the paths between physical management, training management, and interpersonal management and satisfaction of participating.

연속반응시간과제를 이용한 교차훈련의 효과

최진호,박소현,Choi, Jin-Ho,Park, So-Hyun 대한물리치료학회 2008 대한물리치료학회지 Vol.20 No.4

Purpose: We investigated the effects of physical practice, mental practice, and cross education using serial reaction time (SRT). We recruited 21 right-handed healthy males and females who gave consent and had no clinical history for their upper limbs. Methods: The subjects were divided into three groups; actual practice (n=7), mental practice (n=7), and controls (n=7), who performed actual training, mental training, or no intervention respectively for three weeks. Super lab 4.0 displayed four symbols on the monitor and subjects pushed on the matching button, with reaction time assessed pre- and post-intervention. Results: Reaction time was significantly lower after actual or mental practice (p<0.05). Actual practice also decreased left hand reaction time. Conclusion: Actual practice and mental practice can improve motor learning, but mental practice is not sufficient for cross education.

GOSAT으로 추적된 동북아시아 이산화탄소 유동방향의 계절별 비교평가

최진호,엄정섭,Choi, Jin Ho,Um, Jung-Sup 한국공간정보학회 2012 한국공간정보학회지 Vol.20 No.5

This study intends to evaluate the seasonal flow direction of carbon dioxide in Northeast Asia by using GOSAT, the first Greenhouse Observing SATellite, in an attempt to overcome costly, laborious and time consuming ground observation which has been frequently pointed out in existing studies. For this purpose, missing values were supplemented by applying the Kriging interpolation and the overall flow direction of carbon dioxide was determined through anisotoropy semi-variogram. As a result, it was found that the overall spatial distribution of carbon dioxide in Northeast Asia varies depending on the latitude, and that carbon dioxide mainly flows southeast or east in spring, autumn and winter, but northeast or north in summer. Similar to the flow of monsoons in Northeast Asia, these results show that carbon dioxide flows mainly from the west to the east, which proves that carbon dioxide discharged from China is influencing even the Korean Peninsula and Japan. However, as the flow of carbon dioxide varies depending on a variety of factors such as artificial sources, plant respiration, and the absorption and discharge of the ocean, follow-up studies are requested to evaluate such variables and the correlations. 본 연구는 그동안 이산화탄소의 유동 방향 연구에서 지적된 지상관측자료의 시 공간적 제약성을 극복하고자, 최초의 온실가스 측정 전용 위성인 GOSAT을 활용하여 동북아시아 지역의 계절별 이산화탄소의 유동 방향을 평가하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 크리깅 분석을 적용하여 결측값을 보완하고, 이방성 베리오그램을 통해 전체적인 이산화탄소의 유동 방향을 결정하였다. 그 결과 동북아시아의 이산화탄소 공간적 분포 양상은 위도대에 일치하는 변화추세를 확인할 수 있었으며, 계절별 유동성은 봄, 가을, 겨울의 경우 남동쪽 및 동쪽으로 유동되는 이산화탄소가 주를 이루어 나타났으며, 여름에 경우 북쪽 및 북동쪽으로 이동하는 흐름이 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 동북아시아 지역에서 나타나는 계절풍과 유사한 흐름으로 주로 서에서 동으로 이동되는 경우가 주를 이루고 있음을 알 수 있으며, 이는 중국에서 배출된 이산화탄소가 한반도와 일본까지 영향을 미치고 있음을 확인할 수 있다. 그러나 이산화탄소의 유동은 인위적 배출원과 식생의 호흡, 해양의 배출과 흡수 등의 다양한 요인과 결부되어 달라지기 때문에 이산화탄소 유동에 개입되는 다양한 변수와 상관성을 평가하는 후속연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

수확시기에 따른 '원황' 배 과실의 품질과 과심갈변에 미치는 영향

최진호,임순희,김성종,이한찬,권용희,박용서,정석규,최현석,Choi, Jin-Ho,Yim, Sun-Hee,Kim, Sung-Jong,Lee, Han-Chan,Kwon, Yong-Hee,Park, Yong-Seo,Jung, Seok-Kyu,Choi, Hyun-Sug 한국유기농업학회 2015 韓國有機農業學會誌 Vol.23 No.1

본 시험은 GA로 처리된 '원황' 배(Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai)를 수확시기를 달리하였을 때 과실품질, 과심갈변, 그리고 기호도가 어떠한 영향을 받는지와 이에 적절한 수확시기를 규명하고자 수행되었다. 시험 처리는 만개 후 110, 115, 120, 125, 130일에 수확한 것을 포함하였다. 수확시기가 지연될수록 과중과 당도는 증가한 반면에 과육경도와 산도 그리고 전분함량은 감소하였다. 상온보관 21일 동안 만개 후 130일에 수확된 과실의 과육경도는 크게 감소하였고 과심갈변 증상은 심화된 반면에 115일에 수확된 과실의 경도와 과심갈변의 감소는 천천히 진행되었다. 수확시기의 지연은 GA 처리와 상관없이 과실의 기호도를 감소시켰다. GA 처리과의 기호도 감소는 수확시기에 관계없이 GA 무처리 과실 보다 일찍 관찰되었다. 만개 후 120일에 수확을 하는 것이 GA로 처리된 과실의 품질 유지와 과심갈변 억제를 위하여 효과적인 수확시기로 판단된다. This study was conducted on how the harvest time affect fruit quality, core breakdown, and taste of GA-pasted 'Wonhwang' pear (Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai) fruit in order to verify the optimum harvest time. Harvest time included 110, 115, 120, 125, 130 days after full bloom (DAFB). Delayed fruit harvest increased fruit weight and content of soluble solids but decreased firmness, titratable acidity, and starch content. Harvest at 130 DAFB severely reduced fruit firmness and increased fruit core breakdown for 21 days at room storage, while harvest at 115 DAFB showed the opposite result of the fruit firmness and breakdown. Delayed fruit harvest reduced fruit taste, regardless of GA pasting on fruit. GA-pasted fruit showed reduced taste in advance compared to those of non GA-pasted fruit, regardless of the harvest time. Harvest at 120 DAFB would be suitable to maintain fruit quality and reduce core breakdown.

봉지종류와 수확시기가 '추황배'의 수상에서의 과피흑변과 과실품질에 미치는 영향

최진호,임순희,김성종,권용희,이한찬,정석규,최현석,Choi, Jin-Ho,Yim, Sun-Hee,Kim, Sung-Jong,Kwon, Yong-Hee,Lee, Han-Chan,Jung, Seok-Kyu,Choi, Hyun-Sug 한국유기농업학회 2015 韓國有機農業學會誌 Vol.23 No.1

'추황배' 배 과수원에 봉지종류와 수확시기를 달리하였을 때 수상의 과피흑변과 발생과 수확 후 과실품질에 어떠한 영향을 미치는 지를 규명하기 위하여 수행되었다. 본 시험은 두 가지로, 첫 번째는 네 종류의 봉지(신문지외지/황색내지, 회색외지/황색내지, 신문지외지/흑색내지, 신문지외지/적색내지) 시험이었고, 두 번째 시험은 만개 후 160일, 170일, 180일, 190일, 200일에 수확하였을 때 과피흑변과와 과실품질을 조사하였다. 신문지외지/황색내지의 봉지가 투광도와 투기도 및 수분투과도인 물리성이 향상되었고, 신문지외지/적색내지가 봉지물리성이 낮은 경향을 보였다. 신문지외지/황색내지는 수상에서의 과피흑변과 발생이 나타나지 않았고, 신문지외지/적색내지를 괘대처리 한 과실에서는 약 12.7%의 과피흑변과가 관찰되었다. 과피흑변은 주로 과실의 중앙부와 과정부에서 집중적으로 발생되었다. 신문지외지/적색내지를 이용한 유대재배는 평균과중, 경도, 산도, 그리고 착색이 향상되는 경향을 보였다. 수확시기가 늦어질수록(만개 후 190일과 200일에 수확) 과피흑변, 평균과중, 당도가 증가되었고 반대로 과실경도와 산도는 감소되었다. 'Chuhwangbae' pears (Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai) were investigated on how types of paper bag and harvesting dates influenced on skin blackening before harvest as well as fruit quality after harvest. Experiments included four different types of paper bags (NP/YP, GP/YP, NP/BP, and NP/RP) and five different harvesting dates [160, 170, 180, 190, and 200 days after full bloom (DAFB)]. NP/YP and GP/YP indicated for newspaper- and gray paper-outer bag, respectively, with yellow paper-inner bag of the both. NP/BP and NP/RP indicated for newspaper-outer bag of the both with black paper- and red paper-inner bag, respectively. The NP/YP (newspaper/yellow paper) showed high absorbance and air and water vapor permeability in the bags, while the NP/RP (newspaper/red paper) resulted in poor physical properties in the bags. Fruit enclosed with NP/YP resulted in the absence of skin blackening, but fruit with NP/RP bags had the highest skin blackening (12.7%). Occurrence of skin blackening was concentrated on the middle and calyx end-part of fruit region. NP/RP bag treatment was likely to increase fruit weight, firmness, titratable acidity, and fruit surface color. Harvest at high relative humidity in air increased skin blackening of fruit. Later fruit harvest, such as 190 and 200 DAFB, increased skin blackening, fruit weight, and sugar content while decreasing fruit firmness and titratable acidity.