보조공학 서비스 적용을 통한 뇌성마비 아동의 의사소통 및 학습능력 개선

황준길,송병섭 대구대학교 특수교육재활과학연구소 2007 再活科學硏究 Vol.25 No.2

Recently, the importance and interest about the assistive devices and assistive technology service for rehabilitation is being increased. Many people with disabilities are using suitable assistive devices to assist and get over their disadvantage. But most of the assistive device was standardized and it doesn't fit often to individual situation and condition. Therefore, the assistive devices should be modified to fit the user's condition and life environments. In this paper, we provided an assistive technology service for a child who has some difficulties about communication and learning due to the Cerebral Palsy. A switch was modified for him to help to cognize and express something. The switch was designed to be controlled by his finger which is unique method to move freely. After that, the child could freely communicate with other and the learn and read a book using the device by himself. Therefore, the learning ability was greatly improved and we expect that he will easily adapt to social life. 많은 장애인들이 자신에게 적합한 보조기기를 사용하고 있고 그 수가 증가하고 있지만, 이러한 현재 시중에 나와 있는 보조기기들은 표준화 되어 있기 때문에 개개인의 환경과 상태에 적합하지 않다. 이 문제를 해소하기 위해서는 보조공학 서비스가 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 뇌성마비로 인하여 의사소통 및 학습이 어려운 아동에게 학습에 도움을 주는 보조공학 서비스를 적용하고 평가하였다. 인지능력은 있지만 자신의 의사를 말로 하지 못하고 자신의 신체를 자의적으로 움직일 수 없는 아동에게 제약적이나마 움직임이 가능한 손 부위를 이용하여 컴퓨터를 사용할 수 있도록 스위치를 개조하여 적용해 주었다. 그로 인해 아동은 적용해 준 스위치를 이용하여 학습에 필요한 의사표현을 할 수 있고 책도 읽을 수 있게 되었다.

신체 장애인을 위한 전화기 개발

송병섭,황준길,곽수원 대구대학교 특수교육재활과학연구소 2009 再活科學硏究 Vol.27 No.1

본 연구에서는 일반 전화기 사용이 어려운 신체 장애인을 위하여 하나의 스위치를 이용하여 전화기를 사용할 수 있는 스캐닝 전화기를 개발하였다. 개발된 전화기는 일반 전화기와 스캐닝 해주는 메뉴와 번호를 LED와 LCD를 통하여 보여주는 스캐닝 전화기 그리고 스위치로 구성된다. 스캐닝 전화기를 제어하고 일반전화기 연결 해 주기 위하여 ATmega128을 사용하였으며 시스템의 입출력을 제어하기 위하여 아날로그 스위치와 디코더를 사용하였다. 개발된 시스템을 이용하여 성능평가를 한 결과, 설계한 바와 같이 하나의 스위치를 이용하여 전화기의 모든 기능의 사용이 가능하였으며 다양한 스위치와도 호환이 잘 되었기 때문에 손 이외의 머리나 발 등으로 사용이 가능하였다. A scanning telephone was developed for physical disabled people who has difficulties. User can select menu and number of telephone using a switch. The developed telephone consists of a manual telephone, a scanning telephone and a switch. the users can see the information on telephone menu and numbers through LED and LCD placed on the scanning telephone. AVR RISC processor ATmega128 was used to design control part of the scanning telephone, decoder and analog switches was used to control input/output of this system. After the system was implemented, the performance test was carried out. The user could control all functions of system with a switch as it has designed. Also the user could change the manual switch for any alternative switch which is very appropriate for individual. It allows user with severe disabilities to call their care-giver when the emergency occurs. From the result, the system will be adaptable for people with disabilities as well as aged people.

WE DSP32 디지탈 신호처리기를 이용한 LPC해석 및 합성 알고리즘의 실시간 실현

홍춘표,황병곤,남인길 대구대학교 (한사대학) 산업기술연구소 1994 産業技術硏究 Vol.13 No.-

The WE DSP32 in AT&T's second-generation programmable digital signal processor with 32-bit floating point arithmetic. This device can be used in a wide varity of complex digital signal processing algorithms such as speech recognition,high speed modems, low-bit rate voice coders, and multichannel signaling system. This paper reviews the LPC analysis and synthesis of speech signal and presents a real time implementation methodology of these algorithms using the WE DSP32. For efficient data handling, circular buffer is proposed. The implementation results show that deep pipelining characteristics of the processor should be fully utilized to satisfy the timing constraints,

풍화암에 근입된 영구 앵커의 극한인발력

유남재,박병수,정길수,김진황 江原大學校 産業技術硏究所 2001 産業技術硏究 Vol.21 No.B

The purpose of this study is to estimate ultimate uplift capacity of permanent anchor which was cast into weathered rock. The ultimate uplift capacity was estimated from the load-displacement curve of four different anchors which have different bond length. The creep test was performed for 15minutes under the maximum load of each step in order to understand the load-transfer property of permanent anchor and to decide which anchor to choose. The destruction range of soil due to the changes in load was estimated by installing dial gauge on the ground which was cast into the weathered rock. Ultimately, the study on the behavior of the anchor case into the weathered rock was performed by comparing and analyzing the estimated result of the UUC obtained by the full scale pull out test in the field with the exsting theoretical and practical results of soil and rock anchor.

국내 주요 호수의 육수학적 조사(4): 주암호

김범철,박주현,허우명,임병진,황길순,최광순,최종수 江原大學校 附設 環境硏究所 2001 環境硏究 Vol.18 No.-

In this study limnological characteristics of Lake Juam was surveyed from June 1993 to May 1994 in order to provides important information regarding water resources. Seschi disc transparency, epilimnetic chlorophyll a(chl-a), tatal nitrogen(TN), total phosphorus(TP) concentration and primary productivity were in the range of 2.0~4.5 m, 0.9~13.6 mgChl/㎥, 0.78~2.32N/l, 11~56 mgP/㎥, 270~2,160mgCm^(-2)day^(-1), respectively. On the basis of TP, Chl-a and Secchi disc depth, the trophic state of Lake Juam can be classified as mesotrophic lake. The phosphorus inputs from non-point sources are concentrated in heavy rain episodes during the monsoon season. As a result, phosphorus concentration are higher in summer than in winter. TP loading from the watershed were estimated to be 0.9 gPm^(-2)yr(-1), which correspond to a boundary of the critical loading (1.0 gPm^(-2)yr(-1), which correspond to a boundary of the critical loading (1.0 gPm^(-2)yr(-1)) for eutrophication. From the results of the algal assay, both phosphous and nitrogen act as limiting nutrients in algal growth. The seasonal succession of phytoplankton community structure in Lake Juam was similar to that observed in other temperate lakes. Diatoms(Asterionella formosa and Aulacoseira granulata var. angustissima) were dominant in spring and winter, cyanobacteria (Microcystis aeruginosa, M. sp. and M. viridis) were dominant in warm season. The organic carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus content of lake sediment were 9.5~14.0 mgC/g, 1.01~1.82 mgN/g, and 0.51~0.65 mgP/g, respectively. The allochthonous organic carbon loading from the watershed and autochthonous organic carbon loading by primary production of phytoplankton were determined to be 1,122 tC/yr and 6,718 tC/yr, respectively. To prevent eutrophication of Lake Juam, nutrient management of watershed should be focus on reduction of fertilizer application, proper treatment of manure, and conservation of topsoil as well as point source.

국내 주요호수의 육수학적 조사 (1) : 옥정호

김범철,박주현,이병진,허우명,황길순,최광순,채기숙 江原大學校 附設 環境硏究所 1998 環境硏究 Vol.15 No.-

The limnological survey of Lake Okjong was conducted for one year from June 1993 to May 1994 on the monthly basis. The loading of phosphorus, nitrogen and organic carbon from the watershed into the lake were monitored at the main in flowing sites. Secchi disc transparency , epilimnetic chlorophyll a, total nitrogen, total phosphorus concentration and primary production were in the range of 1.3~4.H m, 2.4~ 18.7 mg Chl/m³. 1.25~2.87 mg N/l, 7~65 mg P/m³, 325~2,113 mg C/m²/day, respectively. TN/Tl atomic ratio varled from 129 to 443. N/P ratio decreased in summer because phosphorus concentration was higher than in winter, while nitrogen did not vary much. The seasonal succession of phytoplankton was distinct. In winter and spring, diatoms, Aulacoseira granulata var. angustissima and Aulacoseira italica were dominant while cyanobacteria, Microcystis sp.,M. ichthyovlabe, Phormidium sp. and P.valderianum var. tenuis were dominant in warm seasons. The dominant zooplankton species were Thertmocyclops taihokuensis in warm seasons while Boosmina longirostris were dominant in cold seasons. The organic carbon, nirtogen and phosphorus content of lake sediment were 8.0~14.8, 0.59~0.71, 1.14~1.87 ng N/g, respectively. The sediment of Lake Okjong can be classified as oligohumic based on C/N ratio. The total phosphorus loading from the watershed and fishfarm were estimated to be 2.7g P/m²/yr, which far exceeded the critical loading for eutrophication. The organic carbon loading from the watershed and primary production were determined to be 998t C/yr, 6,348t C/yr, respectively. Most of organic carbon was contributed by autochthonous primary production of phytoplankton. Trophic state of Lake Okjong can be classified as eutrophic

Effect of Electroacupuncture on the Mechanical Allodynia in Rat Model of Neuropathic Pain

Hwang, Byung-Gil,Min, Byung-Il,Kim, J.H.,Na, H.S.,Park, D.S. 경희대학교 2001 INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON EAST-WEST MEDICINE Vol.2001 No.1

The analgesic effects of acupuncture on mechanical allodynia have not been studied so far. The aim of the present study is first, to determine if electroacupuncture(EA) effects to the mechanical allodynia using the rat model of neuropathic pain, and secondly, to examine if these effects may be mediated by endogenous opioid . To produce neuropathic pain, under sodium pentobarbital anesthesia, the right superior caudal trunk was resected between the S3 and S4 spinal nerves. After the surgery, the mechanical allodynia was assessed by stimulating the tail with von Frey hair (2.0g) for 21 days. Twenty one to 35 days after the surgery, low frequency stimulation (2Hz, 0.3ms, 0.07mA) was delivered for 30 minutes, to Houxi (SI3), which is located on the forelimb of a rat. Houxi electroacupuncture(H￡≠EA) relieved the behavioral signs of mechanical allodynia. These relieving effects were prevented by pretreatment with naloxone(2mg/kg, i.p.). The results suggest that low frequency (2Hz) EA can control the mechanical allodynia of neuropathic pain through the activation of endogenous opioid systems.

Effects of electroacupuncture on the mechanical allodynia in the rat model of neuropathic pain

Hwang, Byung Gil,Min, Byung-Il,Kim, Ji Hoon,Na, Heung Sik,Park, Dong Suk WHO COLLABORATING CENTRE FOR TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2002 東西醫學硏究所 論文集 Vol.2002 No.-

The analgesic effects of acupuncture on the mechanical allodynia in the rat model of neuropathic pain have not yet been studied. The aim of the present study is: first, to determine if electroacupuncture (EA) or morphine attenuates the mechanical allodynia, and secondly, to examine if the EA effect may be mediated by endogenous opioids. To produce neuropathic pain, the right superior caudal trunk was resected between the S3 and S4 spinal nerves. Twenty-one days after the neuropathic surgery, low frequency EA stimulation (2 ㎐, 0.3 ㎳, 0.07㎃) delivered to Houxi (S13) for 30 min relieved significantly the signs of mechanical allodynia. Intraperitoneal (i.p.) morphine (0.5 or 1.5 ㎎/㎏) also relieved the signs of mechanical allodynia in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, the antiallodynic effect of Houxi EA was blocked by pretreatment with naloxone (2 ㎎/㎏, i.p.). However, combined application of EA and morphine did not show an obvious synergistic effect. These results suggest that low frequency EA or morphine can relieve the mechanical allodynia signs and the EA effect can be mediated by endogenous opioid systems. ⓒ 2002 Elsevier Science lreland Ltd. All rights reserved.

Genes Associated with Individual Variation of Electroacupuncture Anti-allodynic Effects in Rat

Byung Gil Hwang,Sun Kwang Kim,Jae Bok Han,Hyunsu Bae,Byung Il Min 한의병리학회 2007 동의생리병리학회지 Vol.21 No.5

Genes Associated with Individual Variation of Electroacupuncture Anti-allodynic Effects in Rat

Hwang, Byung-Gil,Kim, Sun-Kwang,Han, Jae-Bok,Bae, Hyun-Su,Min, Byung-Il The Physiological Society of Korean Medicine and T 2007 동의생리병리학회지 Vol.21 No.5

The present study aims to identify and characterize genes that cause differen genes between non-responders and responders to electroacupuncture (EA) on mechanical allodynia following peripheral nerve injury. Under sodium pentobarbital anesthesia, animals were subjected to unilateral transection of the superior caudal trunk at the level between S1 and S2 spinal nerves. EA stimulation (2Hz, 0.3 ms, 0.2-0.3 mA) was delivered to Zusanli (ST36) for 30 min 2 weeks after the surgery. The degree of mechanical allodynia was assessed quantitatively by touching the tail with von Frey hair (2.0 g) at 10 min intervals. The rats, which showed an EA-induced decrease of response frequencies under 10 %, were classified as non-responders and those displaying an EA-induced decrease of response frequencies 20 % or more were classified as responders. Results from oligonucleotide microarray, to which cDNAs from the spinal dorsal horn (DH) were applied, showed that hemoglobin beta chain complex and chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan-5 decreased and limbic system-associated membrane protein increased in the non-responder group, whereas calcium-independent alpha-Iatrotoxin receptor homolog-3 increased in the responder group. These results suggest that The functional abnormality of molecules regulating cell adhesion, intracellular signal transduction and cell differentiation in the spinal DH may be involved in the anti-allodynic effect of EA.