Corticosterone Administration Alters Small Intestinal Morphology and Function of Broiler Chickens

Hu, Xiaofei,Guo, Yuming Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2008 Animal Bioscience Vol.21 No.12

Two experiments were carried out to study the effects of corticosterone (CORT) administration on intestinal morphology and function of broilers. In both experiments, birds were randomly divided into two equal groups. One group was the control group (CTRL), and the birds were fed with a basal diet. The other was the experimental group (CORT), and the birds were fed with the basal diet plus 30 mg of CORT/kg diet. At 21 days of age, performance, morphological characteristics of intestine, D-xylose level in plasma, activities of digestive enzymes in digesta, digestibility of nutrients and 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine (BrdUrd)-labeling index of intestinal epithelial cells were determined. CORT administration decreased feed intake, daily gain and feed conversion ratio (p<0.05). CORT also decreased duodenal and jejunal villus height (p<0.05) as well as crypt depth (p<0.05). The D-xylose level in plasma of CORT-treated broilers was lower than that of the control (p<0.05). CORT treatment caused a decrease in apparent digestibility of protein (p<0.05), whereas fat and starch apparent digestibilities were unaffected (p>0.05). CORT administration increased activities of trypsin and amylase (p<0.05), and decreased BrdUrd-labeling index of duodenal and jejunal epithelial cells (p<0.05). In conclusion, CORT administration impaired the normal morphology and absorptive capacity of the small intestine of broiler chickens.

Effect of Corticosterone Administration on Small Intestinal Weight and Expression of Small Intestinal Nutrient Transporter mRNA of Broiler Chickens

Hu, X.F.,Guo, Yuming,Huang, B.Y.,Zhang, L.B.,Bun, S.,Liu, D.,Long, F.Y.,Li, J.H.,Yang, X.,Jiao, P. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2010 Animal Bioscience Vol.23 No.2

The effects of corticosterone (CORT) administration on the weight of small intestine and the expression of nutrient transporter mRNA in the small intestine of broiler chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) were investigated. One hundred and eight sevenday-old birds were randomly divided into two equal groups comprising a control group (CTRL) and an experimental group (CORT). CTRL birds were fed a basal diet and the CORT birds were fed a basal diet containing 30 mg corticosterone/kg from d 8 to 21. At 21 d of age, average daily feed intake (ADFI), serum corticosterone level, small intestinal absolute wet weight and relative weight, and relative abundance of SGLT1, CaBP-D28k, PepT1 mRNA in the duodenum and L-FABP mRNA in the jejunum were determined. The results showed that serum corticosterone level, liver weight and small intestinal relative weight (small intestinal wet weight/body weight) of CORT chickens were about 30.15%, 26.72% and 42.20% higher, respectively, than in the CTRL group (p<0.05). CORT birds had relative mRNA abundance of CaBP-D28k and PepT1 in the duodenum, and L-FABP in the jejunum which was 1.77, 1.37 and 1.94 fold higher, respectively, than in the CTRL group (p<0.05); the relative abundance of SGLT1 was 1.67 fold higher than in the CTRL group (p = 0.097). ADFI, small intestinal wet weight and length in CORT-treated broiler chickens was about 29.11%, 31.12% and 12.35% lower, respectively, than in the CTRL group (p<0.05). In conclusion, corticosterone administration lowered the wet weight but increased the relative weight of the small intestine and the expression of intestinal nutrient transporter mRNA of broiler chickens.

Removal of Nitrate in Subsoil by Denitrification in Wheat - Maize Rotation System in North China Plain

Yuming Zhang,Chunsheng Hu,Oene Oenema,Shuping Qin,Wenxu Dong,Yuying Wang 한국토양비료학회 2014 한국토양비료학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2014 No.6

Dietary Saponins of Sea Cucumber Ameliorate Obesity, Hepatic Steatosis, and Glucose Intolerance in High-Fat Diet–Fed Mice

Xiaoqian Hu,Zhaojie Li,Yong Xue,Jingfeng Wang,Yuming Wang 한국식품영양과학회 2012 Journal of medicinal food Vol.15 No.10

Much attention has been focused on food components that may be beneficial in preventing lifestyle-related diseases. In this study, we investigated the effects of saponins of sea cucumber (SSC) on high-fat diet–induced obesity, insulin resistance, and fatty liver in mice. C57/BL6 mice were fed a high-fat diet, containing 0.03% SSC, or 0.1% SSC for 8 weeks. Both doses of SSC exhibited a weight-loss effect and significantly decreased adipose tissue weight, in both visceral and subcutaneous depots. Furthermore, 0.1% SSC treatment dramatically decreased the hepatic triglyceride and total cholesterol accumulation. Mice administrated with 0.1% SSC had significantly decreased serum glucose and insulin levels, lower homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance index, and area under the blood glucose curve, suggesting that insulin sensitivity is enhanced by dietary SSC. Dietary SSC also prevented adipokine imbalance, by increasing adiponectin production and decreasing tumor necrosis factor alpha level caused by high-fat diet. Overall, these data demonstrate that SSC could improve certain metabolic parameters associated with obesity.

A Novel High Performance SOI LDMOS with Buried Stepped Gate Field Plate

Hongchao Hu,Hongli Dai,Luoxin Wang,Haitao Lyu,Yuming Xue,Tu Qian 한국전기전자재료학회 2023 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.24 No.6

With the continuous development of science and technology, the power semiconductor devices are becoming more and more extensive. A novel silicon-on-insulator (SOI) lateral double-diffused metal–oxide–semiconductor (LDMOS) has been proposed in this paper. The new device is mainly characterized by introducing a stepped gate field plate in the low-K dielectric buried layer (SGFP-LK). On the one hand, the stepped gate field plate introduces extra lateral electric field peaks, which makes the distribution of potential lines more uniform and improves the breakdown voltage (BV). Moreover, the stepped gate fi eld plate decreases the specific on-resistance ( R on,sp ) by a promoted depletion. On the other hand, different from the traditional buried oxygen layer, the low-K dielectric layer strengthens the vertical electric field and signifi cantly increases BV. Ultimately, compared with the conventional device (C-SOI LDMOS), the BV of the SGFP-LK LDMOS is dramatically enhanced by 107% and the R on,sp is reduced by 24.8%. Furthermore, the figure of merit is enhanced by 472%. In addition, the maximum lattice temperature of the SGFP-LK LDMOS is dropped by 23.1 K, which relieves self-heating effects to some extent.

A Genetic Neterogenecity of Renpenning Syndrome Mapped to Chromosome Xq21-Xqter

Bin Cui,Yuming Sun,Yuqin Sun,Yuefeng Shi,Gang Pei,Xiangyin Kong,Landian Hu 한국유전학회 2004 Genes & Genomics Vol.26 No.1

Long-chain bases from Cucumaria frondosa inhibit adipogenesis and regulate lipid metabolism in 3T3-L1 adipocytes

Tian, Yingying,Hu, Shiwei,Xu, Hui,Wang, Jingfeng,Xue, Changhu,Wang, Yuming 한국식품과학회 2016 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.25 No.6

This study aims to investigate anti-adipogenic effects of long-chain bases from Cucumaria frondosa (Cf-LCBs) in vitro. Results showed that Cf-LCBs inhibited adipocyte differentiation and the expressions of CCAAT/enhancer binding proteins (C/EBPs) and peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor ${\gamma}(PPAR{\gamma})$. Cf-LCBs increased ${\beta}-catenin$ mRNA and nuclear translocation and increased its target genes, cyclin D1 and c-myc. Cf-LCBs enhanced fizzled and lipoprotein-receptor-related protein5/6 (LRP5/6) expressions, whereas wingless-type MMTV integration site10b (WNT10b) and glycogen syntheses kinase $3{\beta}(GSK3{\beta})$ remained unchanged. Cf-LCBs also reduced adipogenesis and recovered WNT/${\beta}-catenin$ signaling in the cells suffering from 21H7, a ${\beta}-catenin$ inhibitor. In addition, Cf-LCBs decreased triglyceride content and the expressions of lipogenesis genes. Cf-LCBs increased FFA levels and the expressions of lipidolytic factors. Cf-LCBs promoted the phosphorylation of adenosinemonophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and acetyl-CoA carboxylase. These findings indicate that Cf-LCBs inhibit adipogenesis through activation of WNT/${\beta}-catenin$ signaling and regulate lipid metabolism via activation of AMPK pathway.

A Genetic Heterogeneity of Renpenning Syndrome Mapped to Chromosome Xq21-Xqter

Cui, Bin,Sun, Yuming,Sun, Yuqin,Shi, Yuefeng,Pei, Gang,Kong, Xiangyin,Hu, Landian 한국유전학회 2004 Genes & Genomics Vol.26 No.1

Renpenning sysndrome is an X-linked mental retardation associated with short stature, moderate microcephaly, unremakdable facies, and no other neurological abnormality. Renpenning first reported this disorder in a Mennonite family, and using this family, Renpenning Syndrome (RENS) has been mapped to Xp11.2-p11.4 Xu Cs found a Chinses family with an X-linked hereditary disease, and the clinical phenotype is similar to RENS. Recently, we performed the linkage analysis, and the result has shown ht egenetic heterogeneity of Renpenning Syndrome: a suggestive novel locus mapped to Xq21-Xqter in this Chinese family.

Long-chain bases from Cucumaria frondosa inhibit adipogenesis and regulate lipid metabolism in 3T3-L1 adipocytes

Yingying Tian,Shiwei Hu,Hui Xu,Jingfeng Wang,Changhu Xue,Yuming Wang 한국식품과학회 2016 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.25 No.6

This study aims to investigate anti-adipogenic effects of long-chain bases from Cucumaria frondosa (Cf-LCBs) in vitro. Results showed that Cf-LCBs inhibited adipocyte differentiation and the expressions of CCAAT/enhancer binding proteins (C/EBPs) and peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor γ (PPARγ). Cf-LCBs increased β-catenin mRNA and nuclear translocation and increased its target genes, cyclin D1 and c-myc. Cf-LCBs enhanced fizzled and lipoprotein-receptor-related protein5/6 (LRP5/6) expressions, whereas wingless-type MMTV integration site10b (WNT10b) and glycogen syntheses kinase 3β (GSK3β) remained unchanged. Cf-LCBs also reduced adipogenesis and recovered WNT/β-catenin signaling in the cells suffering from 21H7, a β-catenin inhibitor. In addition, Cf-LCBs decreased triglyceride content and the expressions of lipogenesis genes. Cf-LCBs increased FFA levels and the expressions of lipidolytic factors. Cf-LCBs promoted the phosphorylation of adenosinemonophosphate- activated protein kinase (AMPK) and acetyl-CoA carboxylase. These findings indicate that Cf-LCBs inhibit adipogenesis through activation of WNT/β-catenin signaling and regulate lipid metabolism via activation of AMPK pathway.

Toll-like receptor 4/nuclear factor-kappa B pathway is involved in radicular pain by encouraging spinal microglia activation and inflammatory response in a rat model of lumbar disc herniation

( Lirong Zhu ),( Yangliang Huang ),( Yuming Hu ),( Qian Tang ),( Yi Zhong ) 대한통증학회 2021 The Korean Journal of Pain Vol.34 No.1

Background: Lumbar disc herniation (LDH) is a common cause of radicular pain, but the mechanism is not clear. In this study, we investigated the engagement of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) in radicular pain and its possible mechanisms. Methods: An LDH model was induced by autologous nucleus pulposus (NP) implantation, which was obtained from coccygeal vertebra, then relocated in the lumbar 4/5 spinal nerve roots of rats. Mechanical and thermal pain behaviors were assessed by using von Frey filaments and hotplate test respectively. The protein level of TLR4 and phosphorylated-p65 (p-p65) was evaluated by western blotting analysis and immunofluorescence staining. Spinal microglia activation was evaluated by immunofluorescence staining of specific relevant markers. The expression of proand anti-inflammatory cytokines in the spinal dorsal horn was measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Results: Spinal expression of TLR4 and p-NF-κB (p-p65) was significantly increased after NP implantation, lasting up to 14 days. TLR4 was mainly expressed in spinal microglia, but not astrocytes or neurons. TLR4 antagonist TAK242 decreased spinal expression of p-p65. TAK242 or NF-κB inhibitor pyrrolidinedithiocarbamic acid alleviated mechanical and thermal pain behaviors, inhibited spinal microglia activation, moderated spinal inflammatory response manifested by decreasing interleukin (IL)- 1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α expression and increasing IL-10 expression in the spinal dorsal horn. Conclusions: The study revealed that TLR4/NF-κB pathway participated in radicular pain by encouraging spinal microglia activation and inflammatory response.